quantitative

Question 1

before gathering data you need to consider

Answer 1

• Sample size
• Scale of measurement
• Data layout and format requirements
• Data coding
• Data entry
• Weighting of cases
• Error-checking

Question 2

what are the different types of data

Answer 2

Categorical: mode
•	Descriptive – nominal or dichotomous 
•	Ranked:
Numerical: mode, median, mean
•	Interval – difference can be stated but not relative
•	Ratio – interval and relative difference
•	Continuous – any value
•	Discrete

Question 3

what is data preparation

Answer 3

process of collecting, cleaning, and consolidation of data into one file/table for later analysis

Question 4

when is data preparation used

Answer 4

• Messy
• Combining
• Came from unstructured sources

Question 5

what errors in data need to be corrected

Answer 5

• Wrong codes

* Illogical relationships

Question 6

what are some exploratory data analysis tools when looking at individual variables

Answer 6

• Bar graph – height indicates frequency
• Histogram – continuous numerical data
• Pictogram – gains attention
• Line graph – trend – numerical data
• Pie chart – percentages/proportions – categorical data
• Box plot – distribution of values – numerical – bunching to left – positive skew

Question 7

what are some exploratory data analysis tools when looking at comparing variables

Answer 7

• Contingency table – side by side
• Percentage component bar graph – on top of each other
• Multiple line graphs
• Scatter plot – relationship between dependent (vertical) and independent

Question 8

what are some exploratory data analysis tools when looking at longitudinal variables

Answer 8

use line graph/base year index