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Tom APC 2023 > Quantification And Costing > Flashcards

Quantification And Costing Flashcards

1
Q

How many days between construction application and due date on a standard building contract and can it be amended.

A

7 days (can be amended)

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2
Q

How many days between due date and interim cert/ payment notice on both a D&B and Standard JCT… and can it be amended

A

5 days (can’t amend)

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3
Q

How many days between the due date and the final date for payment on both a standard and D&B JCT

A

14 days

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4
Q

How many days before the final date for payment can a pay less notice be issued on a D&B and Standard JCT (can it be amended)?

A

5 days (can be amended)

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5
Q

What’s the definition of Gross internal area (GIA) as per NRM1

A

The area of a building measured to the internal face of the perimeter walls at each floor level

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6
Q

What’s the definition of Net Internal Area (NIA) as per NRM1

A

The usable area within a building measured to the internal face of the perimeter walls at each floor level

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7
Q

What areas are excluded from the GIA as per NRM1

A

Perimeter wall thickness

External open sided balconies

Fire escapes

Canopies

Voids over/ under structural, raked or stepped floors

Greenhouses, garden stores etc in resi property

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8
Q

What’s the definition of gross external area (GEA) as per NRM1

A

The area of a building measured externally (I.e. to the external face of the perimeter walls) at each floor level

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9
Q

What areas are included in the NIA as per NRM1

A

Atria (from base level only)

Kitchens (incl cabinets)

Areas occupied by skirting and trunking

Partition walls (unless they’re walls enclosing excluded areas)

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10
Q

The GEA excludes the same areas as the GIA with the exception of what

A

Perimeter wall thickness and external projections

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11
Q

Where can you find what’s included and excluded from the GIA and NIA

A

NRM1

IPMS

RICS Code of measuring practice 6th edition

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12
Q

What is NRM1

A

Order of cost estimating and cost planning for capital building works

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13
Q

What is NRM2

A

Detailed measurement for building works

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14
Q

What is NRM3

A

Order of cost estimating and cost planning for building maintenance works

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15
Q

A) NRM1 provides guidance on the quantification of building works in order to prepare what?

B) it also provides guidance on quantifying what?

A

A)
Order of cost estimates

Cost plans

Approximate estimates.

B)
prelims

OH&P

risk allowance

inflation

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16
Q

A) NRM2 establishes detailed measurement rules for building works in order to prepare what?

B) it also provides guidance on what

A

A)

Bills of quants

Quantified schedules of works

Schedules of rates

B)

The content structure and format of bills of quantities

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17
Q

A) NRM3 provides guidance on the quantification and description of maintenance works in order to prepare what?

B) it also provides guidance on what?

A

A)
Initial order of cost estimates

Cost plans

B)
Procurement

Cost control

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18
Q

Under which contracts would you issue a bill of quantities as part of the tender docs

A

JCT Standard and Intermediate with quants

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19
Q

When would a JCT Standard Building Contract with approximate quants be used

A

When the design is relatively developed but isn’t complete for a full Bill of Quants

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20
Q

What information is provided as part of the tender information in order to price for a standard building contract without quants

A

Drawings
Description of works
Spec or Schedule of works

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21
Q

What does BIM stand for

A

Building Information Modelling

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22
Q

What do the BIM dimensions provide (2D to 6D)

A

2D - drawings
3D - drawings
4D - time and programme
5D - cost info
6D- facilities management info

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23
Q

What’s the key difference between the traditional and D&B payment cycle

A

The D&B payment cycle doesn’t start until the contractor submits their application where’s traditional need to be valued in line with the dates even if an application isn’t submitted

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24
Q

What’s the difference between defined and undefined provisional sums

A

The contractor is expected to incorporate defined prov sums into their:

Programme
Prelims
OH&P
Design risk

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25
Q

How do you value prelims if an EoT has been granted but no loss and expense

A

Divide the prelims budget within the contract sum by the extended programme duration

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26
Q

What does IPMS stand for

A

International property measurement standards

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27
Q

What does NRM stand for

A

New rules of measurement

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28
Q

Whats the document which quantities are to be re measured against in a re-measurable contract

A

Bill of quants

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29
Q

What are the 4 types of valuation method

A

Stage payment

Milestone payment

Payment against an activity schedule

Valuation of the works done to date on site

30
Q

What are the pros and cons of stage payments

A

High predictability of cashflow but low accuracy of works done to date

31
Q

Pros and cons of milestone payments

A

High predictability of an amount due upon each milestone but a low predictability of when they become due

32
Q

Pros and cons of an activity schedule

A

Provides reasonable predictability of cashflow but only reasonable accuracy of the value of works done to date

33
Q

Pros and cons of valuation of works done to date

A

Lowest predictability for cashflow but most accurate for value of works done to date

34
Q

Describe stage payments

A

Pre agreed amounts paid at pre set times regardless of progress

35
Q

Describe milestone payments

A

Pre agreed amounts are paid upon completion of pre agreed elements

36
Q

Describe payments against an activity schedule

A

At pre agreed timescales progress against an activity schedule is monitored and pre-agreed payments are made for activities which have been completed

37
Q

Who holds the risk of having quantified the scope of work correctly from the contract docs on a standard building contract WITHOUT quants

A

The contractor

38
Q

Who holds the risk that a bill of quants are accurate under a standard building contract WITH quants

A

The Employer

39
Q

How are errors in the bill of quants dealt with

A

They are corrected and treated as variations

40
Q

When will the bill of approx quants be re-measured

A

Once the design is complete

41
Q

Who holds responsibility that the approximate bill of quants is accurate

A

The employer

42
Q

In terms of valuing change, whats the benefit of having a bill of quants opposed to a priced document (e.g. a CSA)

A

There is more info for the QS to use for the valuation of variations

43
Q

How would I get comfortable with the price of a variation

A

Benchmark the rate against comparable data

44
Q

What does RFI stand for

A

Request for information

45
Q

What does COR stand for

A

Change order request

46
Q

Who submits an RFI or COR and what’s the process

A

Contractor submits

I review by measuring against drawings and benchmarking

If I agree we tell the client the request is acceptable and ask if they want it instructed

If I disagree I query it with the contractor

47
Q

Who generally controls contingency (excl contingency built into D&B contract sum)

A

Client

48
Q

What contract would you expect contingency to be built into the contract sum

A

D&B

49
Q

How do you manage and quantify risk

A

Prepare a risk register

50
Q

How does a risk register work

A

Outline the initial risk and score it based on impact and likeliness

Outline a mitigation method

Re-score based on the mitigation method

Comment if the risk is acceptable or not

51
Q

Give an example of value engineering

A

Introduce a lesser spec

52
Q

What does RCA stand for

A

Reinstatement cost analysis

53
Q

What does an RCA do

A

Provides an assessment of the construction costs of building the scheme from the ground up for insurance purposes

54
Q

What three elements form the build up of a variation cost

A

Plant, labour and material

Additional OH&P

Additional Prelims

55
Q

How would you value a variation if the spec is the same but the quantity is different

A

Use the rates in the CSA, and re-measure quantity against drawings

56
Q

How would you value a variation of spec changes but quantity is the same

A

Use the measurements from the CSA then use rate/ benchmarked rate

57
Q

What elements have you included in a valuation

A

Prelims

Measured works

Variations

Materials on/ off site

Loss and expense claims

Retention

58
Q

Who physically issues the payment notices on your Leeds scheme

A

My Director

59
Q

What documents do you received ahead of issuing your payment notice on Leeds

A

Contractors application

QS valuation (myself)

Compliance statements from the design team

60
Q

Where would you check for the valuation rules

A

The Valuing Change black book

The JCT contract clause 5.6-5.10

61
Q

How would you value a variation if varied work is not of similar character to work in the CSA (I.e different spec and quantity)

A

Fair rates and prices shall be used and measurement will be taken from the latest drawings

62
Q

How would you omit element of the contract sum

A

Omission will be in accordance with the values in the CSA for such work.

If the item of work can’t be clearly identified in the CSA then the employer and contractor need to act fairly in agreeing the value of omission.

63
Q

What method of valuation is used if work cannot be properly valued by measurement.

A

Daywork

64
Q

What schedule of the JCT D&B and Standard Building contract deals with Contractors Quotations for valuing change

A

Schedule 2

65
Q

What does schedule 2 of the D&B and standard building contracts contain

A

Mechanisms that enable the contractor to provide a variation quotation.

66
Q

What should the Contractors variation quotation include

A

Value of the adjustment alongside relevant calculations

The length of any EoT required

The amount of any direct loss and expense

A method statement for undertaking the variation.

67
Q

Is the inclusion of Contractors Quotations for valuations optional?

A

Yes

68
Q

Are columns included in the NIA as per IPMS

A

Yes

69
Q

How do you deal with valuing prelims in case of delay

A

Unless it’s a relevant matter, the prelims budget in the CSA is spread across the revised duration.

70
Q

What would you do if you received a quote from a European supplier

A

Convert to euros

Notify client of potential import tariffs

Notify client of potential exchange rates

Notify client of potential delivery delays

71
Q

Give some examples of maintenance work carried out under NRM3

A

Legionella testing

PAT testing

72
Q

Why was IPMS introduced

A

It was introduced as a global standard for consistent measurement

Tom APC 2023 (17 decks)

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