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6 - PMP Terminology > Quality Terminology > Flashcards

Quality Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Upper Specification Limit

A

Is the maximum value used to determine if a process is within specification.

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2
Q

Upper Control Limit

A

Is the maximum value used to determine if a process is within control.

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3
Q

Lower Control Limit

A

Is the minimum value used to determine if -a process is within control.

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4
Q

Lower Specification Limit

A

Is the minimum value used to determine if a process is within specification .

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5
Q

Mean

A

The average value in a measurement of a population

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6
Q

Rolled throughput yield (RTY)

A

Is the probability or likelihood, measured in percentage, of a unit going through a process with no defects.

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7
Q

Benchmarking

A

The comparison of a current product to industry standards or past standards to attain a measurement or baseline

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8
Q

Brainstorming

A

A data-generating technique which includes team members or subject matter experts for the purpose of solving project problems, identifying project risk , and planning-related activities

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9
Q

Common Cause

A

A predictable source of variation in a system

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10
Q

Conformance

A

Creation and delivery of a product that has met the specified requirements and conformance (or functionality) of use

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11
Q

Conformance to Requirement

A

The point where the project and product meet the standards of the written specifications defined at project inception (or modified through change control)

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12
Q

Control Chart

A

A graph of data that shows the measurement of a process over elapsed time

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13
Q

Control Limits

A

The area of measurement three standard deviations (or Sigma) from the mean on a control chart

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14
Q

Corrective Action

A

Action taken to bring project in line with the project management plan

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15
Q

Cost of Nonconformance

A

Cost associated with not meeting quality expectations of the project or product

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16
Q

Cost of Quality (COQ) (Technique)

A

Cost of conformance to requirements and non-conformance

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17
Q

Defect

A

A problem or error in the creation of the work of the project

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18
Q

Defect Repair

A

The process of correcting or improving an error in the creation of the project

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19
Q

Design of Experiments (DOE)

A

A process that examines which variables have the greatest outcome on a process or product

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20
Q

Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

A

A process that analyzes every failure mode in every piece of a product- The analysis is then reviewed for impact on every aspect of the system.

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21
Q

Features

A

The characteristics that the user desires built into a product

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22
Q

Fishbone Diagrams (Ishikawa Diagrams)

A

Diagrams that break down possible areas for failure in a process and allow analysis of impact for the area; sometimes considered an ideal tool for root cause analysis

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23
Q

Fitness for Use

A

A product that can be used as it was intended when designed

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24
Q

Flowcharting (Technique)

A

A decomposition approach to breaking a system or process into block steps that can be repeated by following the diagram

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25
Q

Flowcharts

A

Diagrams that display the connectivity of pieces of a system

26
Q

Grade

A

A ranking to classify products that have different functions or features

27
Q

Influence Diagram

A

A graphical representation of causal influences

28
Q

Inspection (Technique)

A

Evaluating something created to ensure it meets the desired standards for use and conforms to requirements

29
Q

Ishikawa Diagrams

A

Diagrams that break down possible areas for failure in a process and allow analysis of impact for the area; sometimes considered an ideal tool for root cause analysis. Also known as fishbone diagrams

30
Q

ISO 9000

A

Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as a means to plan , control, and document processes, and overall improve quality

31
Q

Kaizen

A

A technique that takes a proactive stance to process development, one that makes improvements throughout a process as time evolves

32
Q

Normal Distribution

A

A bell-shaped curve that is in sync with the mean of the population

33
Q

Parametric Estimating

A

An estimating technique that utilizes historical or industry data to create estimates based on parameters such as a per unit or size variable

34
Q

Pareto Analysis

A

Identification of the few problems that have the most occurrence on a measurement in a system/project, etc.

35
Q

Pareto Chart (Tool)

A

A histogram that allows prioritization of problem areas on a project, system, etc.

36
Q

Perform Quality Assurance

A

The periodic analysis of project performance to verify that the project will meet the applicable quality standards

37
Q

Perform Quality Control

A

Observe project results to verify they meet the applicable quality standards while attempting to improve overall quality

38
Q

Performance

A

The level of success at which a product performs its intended use

39
Q

Plan Quality

A

Identification of applicable quality standards and how to attain them on the project or product

40
Q

Population

A

The entire group of similar criteria (Ex: All Americans, all owners of a particular product)

41
Q

Prevention Cost

A

Cost of planning and executing a project within an acceptable range of error (or error free)

42
Q

Procedure

A

A set of activities completed in a certain order to accomplish a desired objective

43
Q

Process

A

A set of activities completed in a certain order to create a product, result, or service

44
Q

Process Adjustments

A

Adjustments made to modify the output of a process to achieve a better degree of quality

45
Q

Project Quality Management

A

The processes required to ensure that the result of the project is satisfactory: establishing policies, objectives, and responsibilities

46
Q

Quality

A

The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfill requirements

47
Q

Quality Audits

A

Reviews of quality activities that apply to lessons learned and can be applied to current and future projects

48
Q

Quality Management Plan

A

Document that establishes the definition of quality, quality baseline, checklists; also defines and validates quality processes, tests the product, formats data for communication to project stakeholders, and deals with changes to quality standards and processes

49
Q

Reliability

A

The likelihood of a product or service to function as planned

50
Q

Rework

A

Actions used to modify/repair defective products to come within specification of the desired process outcome

51
Q

Root Cause Analysis

A

A technique that is used to discover what is an underlying problem , defect, or variance with a system or product

52
Q

Sample

A

A part of the population used for a measurement (instead of the entire population)

53
Q

Seven Run Rule

A

A rule that states if seven consecutive data points are on one side of the mean (above or below) or increasing/decreasing, then the process is out of control and should be investigated

54
Q

Sigma

A

A measurement of acceptability of a product or process

55
Q

Special Cause

A

A non-random or intermittent variable in a system

56
Q

Specification

A 
A document (or piece of a document) that describes the requirements that something is to be
created by or performed to, as well as verifiable when it has been created
57
Q

Specification limits

A

The area on the sides of a mean of a control chart that the customer has established as acceptable limits for testing; can be above or below but not between the control limits

58
Q

Standard Deviation

A

The measurement of variation within a distribution

59
Q

Statistical Sampling

A

Selecting a section of the population to use for a measurement (instead of the entire population)

60
Q

Threshold

A

A value related to the project such as scope, time, cost, or quality that if crossed, activates some type of report, action, or procedure

61
Q

Value Engineering (VE)

A

A technique which emphasizes executing the project and total cost of ownership over the product life cycle as efficiently and effectively as possible

6 - PMP Terminology (19 decks)

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