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Clinical and Ethics MD3001 > Quality of Life > Flashcards

Quality of Life Flashcards

1
Q

How do you measure health status

A
  • Mortality rates (doesn’t tell u about living).
  • Morbidity (How many people have disease).
  • Measures of functioning (Tells you about the disease experience of individual).
  • Quality of life.
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2
Q

How do you measure functioning?

A

Example is the activities of daily living scale - Investigates how easy it is for patients to carry out daily tasks like dressing. Comes up with a score.

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3
Q

What are factors influence quality of life?

A
  • Mental health
  • Perceived health
  • Physical function (tends to impact more on other 3 factors)
  • Social functioning.

(From most impactful to lesser)

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4
Q

Define quality of life?

A

A combination of a person’s physical, mental and social wellbeing; not merely the absence of disease

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5
Q

What are the quality of life measurement types?

A
  • Uni-dimensional (looks at one thing, one dimension).

- Multidimensional (Generic and disease specific)

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6
Q

What are the determinants of quality of life in heart disease?

A
  • Physical function (BIO)
  • Psychological functioning (PSYCHO)
  • Social functioning (SOCIAL)
  • Occupational functioning
  • Perception of health status (PERCEPTION)
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7
Q

How does psychological functioning affect CV system

A
  • Impacts on disease,
  • Impact treatment concordance,
  • Prolonged stress
  • Ability to retain and understand information
  • Decreases quality of life
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8
Q

How does psychological functioning effect relationships?

A
  • Building rapport,
  • Impede social support
  • Impair personal relationships, including sexual.
  • Issues with health professionals
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9
Q

Psychological distress follow and MI/CABG is a risk factor for what?

A
  • Early mortality,
  • Low return to work
  • Difficulty making lifestyle changes
  • Issues with concordance
  • Increased use of health services.
  • PTSD
  • Readmission to hospital
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10
Q

What are the key symptoms for anxiety?

A
  • Excessive anxiety and worry about a number of events and

- Difficult controlling the worry.

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11
Q

What are some associated symptoms?

A
  • Restlessness,
  • Being easily fatigued,
  • Difficulty concentrating,
  • Irritability,
  • Muscle tension
  • Disturbed sleep
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12
Q

What can make a cardiac patient become more anxious?

A
  • CAD diagnosis,
  • Fear of further event,
  • Being in hospital, treatment or health professionals
  • Being away from family
  • Chest sensations
  • Return to activities
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13
Q

Explain how social functioning effects quality of life with CV disease

A

Good social functioning has positive effect on QOL, eg, having good family/friend support.

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14
Q

How does occupational functioning effect heart disease?

A

Ability to return to work is linked to self worth and self esteem but also the need to preform well. This will improve quality of life.

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15
Q

What is the perception of health status influenced by?

A
  • Individuals experience,
  • Previous health experiences
  • Mental health
  • Denial
    Understanding of illness.
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16
Q

What is illness of behaviour?

A

Evaluating symptoms, seeking medical help to bring relief and seeking support from family.

17
Q

What are the negative impacts of illness behavior?

A
  • Secondary gains - Increased sympathy and attention, special favors and no work/duties. This can cause prolonged illness behavior and negatively impact QOL
18
Q

What is the impact of depression on coronary artery disease (CAD)

A
  • Cause poor mortality, social and functioning outcomes.
  • Significant feature of poor QOL.
  • Risk factor for relapse
19
Q

What are the key symptoms for depression?

A
  • Persistent sadness or low mood, and/or

- Marked loss of interest or pleasure. Need to have one of these, most days for 2 weeks min.

20
Q

What are the associated symptoms of depression?

A
  • Disturbed sleep,
  • Changes in appetite,
  • Fatigue,
  • Poor concentration
  • Feelings of worthlessness,
  • Suicidal thoughts
21
Q

How do you treat depression following cardiac events?

A
  • Psychological therapy,
  • Lifestyle advice and self-help,
  • Maximize physical health,
  • Drug treatment and,
  • Mental health services.
  • Cardiac REHAB
22
Q

What are the impacts of cardiac rehab?

A

Positive impact on psychological and physical health. Reduces mortality and healthcare costs.

23
Q

Positive psychological adjustment following a cardiac event?

A

Relationships improve, low anxiety, motivated to change, high internal locus on control and sex life improves.

Clinical and Ethics MD3001 (26 decks)

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