QUALITY AUDITS AND REVIEWS (part 1) Flashcards
Guidelines on the performance of quality audits are given in ISO10011. The objectives of a programme of audits are to:
- verify compliance of Principal’s and Contractor personnel with the approved systems and procedures for the work in progress;
- provide information to management as to the effectiveness of the systems and procedures;
- provide a feedback loop for quality improvement.
The key controls for Quality Audits and reviews:
- an audit programme shall be prepared annually, or at the start of a project;
- an audit procedure shall be prepared including requirements that:
- auditees are given prior notice of the audit, preferably 5 working days;
- audits and reviews are to performed against checklists which are prepared in advance;
- an entry meeting is held with the auditee to discuss the scope and intent of the audit;
- corrective action requests are to be raised for non-compliances with the system;
- an exit meeting is to be held with the auditee and his line manager to discuss and understand the non-conformance report;
- all corrective action requests are to be followed up within a specified time;
- a report on the audit or review is to be issued promptly, preferably within 5 working days.
- In the case of witnessing a Contractor audit, the Principal’s witness shall prepare and issue an internal note containing the purpose of the audit, the identity and job title of the auditees and auditor and a summary of the findings.
What is the importance of a “Master Plan”?
- It indicates all activities to be carried out in a particular project and gives relation between activities not in Isolation but in relation.
- Quick overview of your current status.
How would you set up a “Master Plan”?
All discipline involved together and schedule.
What is the difference between a Circuit Breaker and a Contactor?
Contactor is not capable of operating on faults, requires eg. fuses
What is the reason to use standards e.g. IEC standards?
- Not re-invent the wheel, use other people experience.
- Make manufacture make equipments.
- Allows us to speak same language, use wisdom of other to promote efficiency and safety
What do we mean with IP20?
TheIP20rating officially stands for “touch by fingers (>12.5mm) | No protection”. The 2 inIP20stands for being able to withstand basic touch and rudimentary dust protection. It won’t survive hard impacts or anything like that, but you can safely touch it with your fingers
What type of protection is normally installed inside the motor?
- Embedded temperature detectors shall also be provided. These shall be either positive temperature coefficient thermistors or Pt-100 RTDs.
Overload protection of electric motors that are required to remain operational in the event of fire shall be set at a minimum of 300 % of the motor full load current in accordance with NFPA 20. The Principal shall identify such motors.
What does the Polarisation Index mean on a motor?
The polarization index gives an indication of the buildup of dirt or moisture, the deterioration of insulation and the suitability for operation of the motor or generator.
What type of Ex-certified motors did you use for zone 2?
- For electrical apparatus in Zone 2 areas, which has type of protection ‘n’, a declaration of compliance may be accepted instead of a certificate of conformity.
What types of insulation systems are used in motors?
Class F but operating as B
What happens load-wise if two transformers with the same MVA rating, but different impedance voltage (UK) are paralleled?
Circulating current not sharing load (a circulating current will flow in the loop formed by the secondary windings under the no-load condition,)
What is the relation between impedance voltage UK (%) and the short circuit capacity of a transformer?
The higher the impedance the better in limiting the short circuit current but the higher voltage drop.
So normally during design giving –ve impedance and when calculating going to +ve impedance.
