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Stats Second Semester > Qualitative Research Methods > Flashcards

Qualitative Research Methods Flashcards

1
Q

What is qual research at the most basic level

A

Research concerned with the collection and analysis of text-based data

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2
Q

What are some examples of qual research

A

Interviews
Focus groups
Open ended survey questions
Newspaper articles

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3
Q

What has psychology been heavily influenced by

A

Behaviourism and cognitive experimentalism Positivism and post-postivism philopshy

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4
Q

What does qualitative research question

A

The assumption that there is an object and true conception of reality

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5
Q

Regarding reality, what does qual research believe

A

That there are multiple versions of reality, even for the same person

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6
Q

What does qual research focus on

A

Experience, construction and interpretation of reality

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7
Q

What are the central questions of qual research according to Camic 2003

A

To count or to discover the name
To measure or to listen and observe
To administre a questionnaire or talk to someone

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8
Q

What may unexplored sensitive topics benefit from

A

People listening to those affected

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9
Q

What are the focuses of qual and quan

A

Words

Numbers

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10
Q

What does qual and qual research seek to understand

A

Seeks to understand and interpret in terms of local meanings.

Seeks to identify relationships that generalize to a wider population

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11
Q

What type of data does qual and qual research collect

A

Narrow but rich, few people lots of info

Shallow but broad

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12
Q

What does qual and qual research aim to be doing

A

Theory gathering

Theory testing

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13
Q

What does qual and qual research seek

A

Patterns and explore divergent narratives

Consensus

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14
Q

What do qual and qual acknowledge

A

Subjectivity

Nothing, objective

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15
Q

What are the methods of data collection for qual research

A

Interviews
Focus groups
Participant observation

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16
Q

What are the aims of interviews

A

Professional conversation.
For participants to talk about their experiences and perspectives, to capture their language & concepts on a topic.
To explore views, experiences, beliefs, perceptions, motivations on specific matters.

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17
Q

What are interviews a good method for

A

When people have a personal stake in the matter

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18
Q

What are the advantages of using interviews

A

Rich and detailed data about personal experience
Flexible - can probe and ask unplanned questions
Smaller samples
Ideal for sensitive issues
Accessible for vulnerable populations

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19
Q

What are the disadvantages of using interviews

A

Time consuming both researchers and ps
Lack of breadth due to small sample
Lack of anonymity
Some more comfortable disclosing personal info in a group or annoymous survey
Not always empowering for participants, less control compared to surverys

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20
Q

What types of interview are there

A

Structured
Unstructured
Semi-structured

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21
Q

Define a structured interview

A

Questions and response categories predetermined by researcher

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22
Q

Define an unstrcuterd interview

A

List of topics to discuss with participant interview strongly participant-led

23
Q

Define a semi-structure interview

A

Researcher has a list of questions, but scope for participants to discuss issues important to them and not anticipated by the researcher

24
Q

What is the most widely used interview method in psychlogy

A

Semi-structured

25
Q

What schedule is adopted in a semi structured interview

A

Planned in advance with open-ended questions and issues to probe further

26
Q

What do open ended questions encourage

A

Participants to follow up on unaticipated issues

27
Q

How is data collected from a semi-structured interview

A

Usually record and transcribed

28
Q

Define transcription

A

Process of turning audio recording into written text for subsequent analysis

29
Q

What is an interview schedule key for

A

Building trust and rapport with participants

30
Q

Describe what is meant by ordering questions

A

Organise into topics that flow logically and avoid asking sensitive topics immediately

31
Q

How can questions be worded

A

Open questions
Non-leading questions
Singular questions

32
Q

Which type of questions are the best

A

Singular questions

33
Q

Define a focus group

A

Group discussion focused on a particular topic or set of core issues

34
Q

How many participants are typically in a group discussion

A

6-8

35
Q

What are focus groups based on

A

Discussion based around a series of questions

36
Q

What does the researcher act as in a focus group

A

Modulator

37
Q

What would be the purpose of a second researcher in a focus group

A

Taking notes

38
Q

What is a key feature in a focus group

A

Interactions between participants

39
Q

How is data collected form a focus group

A

Typically transcribed and recorded

40
Q

What types of group can focus groups draw on

A

May be pre-existing groups or brought together specially for research based on shared experiences

41
Q

How many sessions may a focus group have

A

1 or multiple

42
Q

What may a focus group also involve

A

Responses to stimuli or group actives

43
Q

What are the advantages of a focus group

A

Flexibility for exploring unanticipated issues.
Access to everyday ways of talking about topics (& meaning-making). Agree disagree with particular topics.
Can facilitate personal disclosure especially when investigating sensitive information may feel better at sharing info in supportive group.
Good for participants who may find the prospect of research daunting.
Reduce the influence of the researcher – more naturalistic data.

44
Q

What are the disadvantages of focus groups

A

Logistically difficult – recruit & organise.
Easy to get off-topic & can be difficult to manage.
Ethical issues – whole group knows ‘who said what’ (privacy & confidentiality issues).
Transcription is very time-consuming, 6-8 hours.

45
Q

Is it true that often a combination of qual and qual is used in studies

A

YES

46
Q

What are the three most common types of sampling

A

Convencice sample
Purposive sample
Theoretical sampling

47
Q

Define convince sample

A

Selection of most accessible participants.

Identified as the least rigorous and justifiable sampling method.

48
Q

What is the aim of a purposive sample

A

Generate insight and in-depth understanding of the topic of interest.

49
Q

What does theoretical sampling shape

A

Data analysis and theory development shapes the selection of subsequent participants to elaborate the developing theory- from ground theory.

50
Q

Does qualitative research tend to have larger or smaller sample sizes

A

Smaller samples than quan

51
Q

Is there any rule abut generating the required sample size

A

No

52
Q

What is a method used for sample sizes in qual data

A

Data saturation

53
Q

What is data saturation

A

Refers to the point at which no new information or themes are observed in the data

Stats Second Semester (9 decks)

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