Qualitative Research

Question 1

Qualitative research method : essential understanding

Answer 1

• Produce discriptive data that ared are used to gain understanding in underlying reasons, opinions and motivations for an individual / groups behavior
• Interpretation approach
• Purposive sampling
• Descrihes and explains events
• Reliability vs Validaty

Question 2

Experimental method

Answer 2

• emphasizes ; reliability, validaty, generalizability
• grown concern about artificiality and lack of ecological validity

Question 3

Method triangulation

Answer 3

• combine different research methods in a study in order to collect richer data

Question 4

Qualitative researchers interest

Answer 4

• how people explain their everyday experiences, therefore research takes place in natural settings
• aim of research is to gain insight into psychological processes. ( e.g. how do people work in teams in the workplace? )
• how people experience situations > to adopt inductive approach

Question 5

What does qualitative research include?

Answer 5

• ## guided by one or more research questions ( e.g how do people experience major life events, such as the transition to motherhood? )

Question 6

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 6

• a claim, derived from a theory, that is tested against evidence so that it can be either accepted or rejected ( this is called deductive approach)

Question 7

Research question

Answer 7

• open ended, invites detailed descriptions, if possible, explanations.

Question 8

How is the data gathered?

Answer 8

• Studies in people in their “ own “ enviroment ( natural occuring ) > school / home
• Direct interactions with participants

Question 9

What is rich data?

Answer 9

• Depth of detail research, provides in their description : people, places etc
• Can be analyzed by generated theories or with regard to existing theory
• Descriptions of inidividual experiences on concepts and meanings

Question 10

Strengths

Answer 10

• Rich data
• Able to identify and evaluate factors
• Generate new ideas and theories to explain and overcome problems
• People are studied in their own enviroment, which increases validaty

Question 11

Limitations

Answer 11

• Time-consuming
• generate huge amount of data
• data analysis can be difficult because of the amount of data > no clear strategy for analysis
• interpretation if data may be subjective

Question 12

Ethical Considerations

Answer 12

• informed consent ( consent should always be obtained )
• Protecting participants from harm ( preventive action in all research to avoida harming in participants )
  -Anonymity and confidentiality ( confidentiality = research data will not be known to anyone outside the study) ( Anonymity = the way data is stored after research )

Question 13

Sampling techniques

Answer 13

• Self selected ( volunteer ) = researchers publish study > people interested sign up > not super representative
• Opportunity ( convinience ) = Use pre-existing groups > not target population
• Random = when everyone in the target population has the equal probability of being chosen
• Random stratified = when you have a diversity of groups > guarantee you same ratio
• Purposive = picking sample purposely, show specific traits, not random, not self selected, not opportunity sample
• Snowball = purposive > using networking > 2-5 people from target population > asks for more participants > connect you to other people that can participate

Question 14

Data triangulation

Answer 14

When researcher collects data from different sources

Question 15

Researcher triangulation

Answer 15

Involves the use of several observers. Interviewers or reseachers to compare and check daya collection and interpretation

Question 16

Theory triangulation

Answer 16

Involves looking at the data using different theoretical approaches ( e.g. biological, psychological, sociocultural approaches )