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IP Y4 Chemistry > Qualitative Analysis + Reactions of metals > Flashcards

Qualitative Analysis + Reactions of metals Flashcards

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1
Q

Colours of metals (those in the reactivity series)

A 
K & Na: Dull grey solid
Ca - Pb: Silvery grey solid
Cu: Reddish brown
Hg: Silver liquid
Ag: Shiny silver liquid
Au: Shiny gold liquid
Pt: Shiny silver solid
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2
Q

Reactivity of metals with water

A

K - Ca: React with cold water –> Alkali + hydrogen
Mg - Pb: React with steam –> Metal oxide + hydrogen
Cu onwards: No reaction

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3
Q

Reactivity of metals with oxygen

A

K - Hg: React with oxygen –> Metal oxide

Below Hg: No reaction

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4
Q

Colours of group I, II & III, and ammonium compounds

A

White solid

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5
Q

Colour of zinc oxide

A

Yellow when hot, white when cold

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6
Q

Reactivity of metals with dilute acids

A

K - Pb: React –> Salt + hydrogen

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7
Q

Colour of iron(II) oxide

A

Black

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8
Q

Colour of iron (III) oxide

A

Reddish brown

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9
Q

Colour of copper(II) oxide

A

Black

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10
Q

Colour of copper(I) oxide

A

Reddish brown

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11
Q

Colour of copper(II) carbonate

A

Green

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12
Q

Colour of copper(II) sulfate

A

Blue

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13
Q

Colour of copper(II) chloride solution

A

Bluish green

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14
Q

Colour of copper(II) hydroxide (insoluble)

A

Blue

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15
Q

Colour of zinc hydroxide (insoluble)

A

White

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16
Q

Colour of iron(II) hydroxide (insoluble)

A

Dirty green

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17
Q

Colour of iron(III) hydroxide (insoluble)

A

Reddish brown

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18
Q

Colour & state of carbon

A

Black solid

19
Q

Colour & state of fluorine at rtp

A

Pale yellow gas

20
Q

Colour & state of bromine at rtp

A

Reddish brown liquid

21
Q

Colour of iodine (all states)

A

Black solid, yellow-brown liquid, violet vapour

22
Q

Change in colour of potassium manganate(VII) KMnO4`

A

When reduced, turns from purple –> colourless

23
Q

Change in colour of potassium dichromate(VI) K2Cr2O7`

A

When reduced, turns from orange –> green

24
Q

Black oxides

A

Copper(II) oxide, Iron(II) oxide, Manganese(IV) oxide

25
Q

Identification of aluminium ion

A

NaOH
White precipitate Al(OH)3 formed
Dissolves in excess NaOH

NH3
White precipitate Al(OH)3 formed
Insoluble in excess NH3

26
Q

Identification of lead(II) ion

A

NaOH
White precipitate Pb(OH)2 formed
Dissolves in excess NaOH

NH3
White precipitate Pb(OH)2 formed
Insoluble in excess NH3

27
Q

Identification of zinc ion

A

NaOH
White precipitate Zn(OH)2 formed
Dissolves in excess NaOH

NH3
White precipitate ZN(OH)2 formed
Dissolves in excess NH3

28
Q

Identification of calcium ion

A

NaOH
White precipitate Ca(OH)2 formed
Insoluble in excess NaOH

NH3
No precipitate

29
Q

Identification of copper(II) ion

A

NaOH
Blue precipitate Cu(OH)2 formed
Insoluble in excess NaOH

NH3
Blue precipitate Cu(OH)2 formed
Dissolves in excess NH3 to give dark blue solution

30
Q

Identification of iron(II) ion

A

NaOH
Dirty green precipitate Fe(OH)2 formed
Insoluble in excess NaOH

NH3
Dirty green precipitate Fe(OH)2 formed
Insoluble in excess NH3

31
Q

Identification of iron(III) ion

A

NaOH
Reddish brown precipitate Fe(OH)3 formed
Insoluble in excess NaOH

NH3
Reddish brown precipitate Fe(OH)3 formed
Insoluble in excess NH3

32
Q

Identification of ammonium ion

A

NaOH
No precipitate
Pungent ammonia gas evolved on heating

NH3
No reaction

33
Q

Identification of halide ions

A

Add dilute nitric acid + aqueous silver nitrate
Chlorine: White precipitate AgCl
Iodine: Yellow precipitate AgI

34
Q

Identification of carbonate ion

A

Add dilute hydrochloric acid

Carbon dioxide gas produced

35
Q

Identification of nitrate ion

A

Add aqueous sodium hydroxide + a small amount of aluminium powder + warm the mixture
Pungent ammonia gas produced

36
Q

Identification of sulfate ion

A

Add dilute nitric acid + barium nitrate

White precipitate BaSO4 formed

37
Q

Identification of hydrogen

A

Extinguishes lighted splint with a ‘pop’ sound

38
Q

Identification of oxygen

A

Rekindles glowing splint

39
Q

Identification of carbon dioxide

A

Forms a white precipitate with limewater Ca(OH)2

Precipitate: CaCO3

40
Q

Identification of ammonia

A

Turns damp red litmus paper blue

Pungent smell

41
Q

Identification of chlorine

A

Turns damp blue litmus paper red

Greenish yellow gas, choking smell

42
Q

Identification of nitrogen dioxide gas

A

Reddish brown in colour, pungent

43
Q

Identification of sulfur dioxide gas

A

Smell of burnt matches

IP Y4 Chemistry (15 decks)

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