Periodic Table Flashcards
Why are noble gases useful?
They are chemically inert (unreactive).
Properties of transition metals
High melting & boiling points, hard solids at room temperature
High density (ions packed closely)
Good thermal & electrical conductors
Less reactive than Group I & II metals
Reactivity trend of Group VII
Reactivity decreases down the group
As atomic radii increases, attraction of the nucleus on the valence electrons decreases, gain electrons less readily
Define displacement reaction of halogens
When a more reactive halogen displaces the halide ions of a less reactive halogen in an aqueous solution
Why are Group I metals kept in oil?
They are extremely reactive. Oil prevents them from coming into contact with oxygen and moisture in the air
Reactivity trend of Group I
Reactivity increases down the group
As atomic radii increases, attraction of the nucleus on the valence electron decreases, lose electrons more readily
Melting point trend of Group I
Decreases down the group
Atom increases in size, outer shell electrons are further away from nucleus, weaker force of attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electron, weaker metallic bond, less heat energy required to overcome these bonds
Density trend of group I
Increases
Trend of first ionisation energy down a group
Decreases.
Atom becomes larger, valence electron further away form nucleus, weaker force of attraction between outer shell electron and nucleus, atom loses electron more readily
Trend of first ionisation energy across a period
Increases
Number of protons increase, greater force of attraction between outer shell electrons and nucleus, more difficult to remove an outer shell electron
Trend of size of atoms down a group
Increases
Number of electron shells increase
Trend of size of atoms across a period
Decreases
Number of protons increase, increase in force of attraction between nucleus and outer shell electrons
Reactivity trend for metals
Increase down the group
Reactivity trend for non-metals
Decrease down the group
Most reactive metal
Caesium/Francium
