Qs bank for 1st midterm (P.2) Flashcards

1
Q

Identify compound A in the reaction catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase:

Select one:
a. isocitrate
b. ascorbate
c. alpha-Ketoglutarate
d. oxaloacetate
e. malate

A

alpha-Ketoglutarate

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2
Q

Identify compound A in the reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase:

Select one:
a. malate
b. L-glutamate
c. alpha-Ketoglutarate
d. oxaloacetate
e. aspartate

A

L-glutamate

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3
Q

Identify compound A in the following reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase:

Select one:
a. L-asparagine
b. alpha-Ketoglutarate
c. glutathione
d. L-glutamine
e. L-aspartate

A

L-glutamine

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4
Q

Identify cofactor A utilized in the reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase:

Select one:
a. Mg-GTP
b. Mg-GDP
c. Mg-ATP
d. Mg-ADP
e. Mg-UTP

A

Mg-ATP

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5
Q

Identify the cofactor utilized and formed in the reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase:

Select one:
a. A is Mg-GTP, B is Mg-ATP
b. A is Mg-ATP, B is Mg- ADP+Pi
c. A is Mg-ADP+Pi, B is Mg- ATP
d. A is Mg-GDP+Pi, B is Mg- GTP
e. A is Mg-GTP, B is Mg- GDP+Pi

A

A is Mg-ATP, B is Mg-ADP+Pi

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6
Q

The synthesis of glutamine catalyzed by glutamine synthetase involves the formation of the following intermedier. Name the intermedier

Select one:
a. aspartyl-phosphate
b. alpha-Ketoglutarate
c. 3-phospho-glycerate
d. 2-phospho-glycerate
e. gamma-glutamyl-phosphate

A

gamma-glutamyl-phosphate

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7
Q

Identify compound A in the reaction catalyzed by alanine aminotransferase:

Select one:
a. Lactate
b. Malate
c. Fumarate
d. Pyruvate
e. Succinate

A

Pyruvate

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8
Q

Identify compound A in the following reaction:

Select one:
a. Glycine
b. Ornithine
c. Alanine
d. Glutamine
e. Lactate

A

c. Alanine

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9
Q

Name the enzyme catalysing the following reaction:

Select one:
a. Aspartate dehydrogenase
b. Glutamate dehydrogenase
c. Pyruvate carboxylase
d. Alanine aminotransferase
e. Pyruvate dehydrogenase

A

d. Alanine aminotransferase

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10
Q

Transamination of pyruvate forms the following compound:

Select one:
a. Lactate
b. Aspartate
c. Alanine
d. Malate
e. Glutamate

A

c. Alanine

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11
Q

Transaminases require the following coenzyme:

Select one:
a. Coenzyme A
b. Lipoic acid
c. Biotin
d. Pyridoxal phosphate
e. FAD

A

d. Pyridoxal phosphate

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12
Q

Identify compound B in the reaction catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase:

Select one:
a. citrate
b. L-glutamate
c. alpha-Ketoglutarate
d. oxaloacetate
e. aspartate

A

b. L-glutamate

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13
Q

Transamination of oxaloacetate forms the following compound:

Select one:
a. Pyruvate
b. Aspartate
c. Glutamate
d. Malate
e. Lactate

A

b. Aspartate

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14
Q

The amino donor in the formation of alanine by transamination of pyruvate is the following amino acid:

Select one:
a. Glutamine
b. Asparagine
c. Serine
d. Ornithine
e. Glutamate

A

e. Glutamate

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15
Q

Identify compound A in the reaction catalyzed by alanine aminotransferase:

Select one:
a. Glutamate or Aspartate
b. Asparagine or Glutamine
c. Aspartate or Asparagine
d. Lactate or Malate
e. Arginine

A

a. Glutamate or Aspartate

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16
Q

Identify compound A in the reaction catalyzed by alanine aminotransferase:

Select one:
a. Lactate
b. Fumarate or Malate
c. alpha-Ketoglutarate or oxaloacetate
d. Glutamine or Asparagine
e. Glutamine or Ornithine

A

c. alpha-Ketoglutarate or oxaloacetate

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17
Q

Name the enzyme catalysing the following reaction:

Select one:
a. Aspartate aminotransferase
b. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
c. Glutamine synthetase
d. Asparagine synthetase
e. Asparaginase

A

d. Asparagine synthetase

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18
Q

Identify compound A in the reaction catalyzed by asparagine synthetase:

Select one:
a. L-Glutamate
b. L-Aspartate
c. alpha-Ketoglutarate
d. L-Alanine
e. Oxaloacetate

A

b. L-Aspartate

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19
Q

Identify compound A in the following reaction:

Select one:
a. Alanine
b. Glutamine
c. Asparagine
d. Arginine
e. Glycine

A

c. Asparagine

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20
Q

Identify the cofactor utilized in the reaction catalyzed by asparagine synthetase

Select one:
a. NADH+H+
b. Mg-ATP
c. Acetyl-CoA
d. FADH2
e. Mg-GTP

A

b. Mg-ATP

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21
Q

The following compound provides nitrogen in the conversion of aspartate to asparagine catalyzed by human asparagine synthetase:

Select one:
a. NH4+
b. Alanine
c. Aspartate
d. Glutamine
e. Glutamate

A

d. Glutamine

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22
Q

Name the enzyme catalysing the following reaction:

Select one:
a. Glutamate dehydrogenase
b. Glutamate decarboxylase
c. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
d. Glutaminase
e. Glutamine synthetase

A

a. Glutamate dehydrogenase

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23
Q

What is the sequence of reactions in serine biosynthetic pathway starting from the glycolytic intermedier 3-phosphoglycerate?

Select one:
a. reduction, dephosphorylation, transamination
b. oxidation, transamination, dephosphorylation
c. oxidation, transamination, phosphorylation
d. reduction, transamination, phosphorylation
e. oxidation, dephosphorylation, transamination

A

b. oxidation, transamination, dephosphorylation

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24
Q

Which of the following glycolytic intermedier is oxidized by a dehydrogenase in serine biosynthetic pathway?

Select one:
a. 2-phosphoglycerate
b. 3-phosphoglycerate
c. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
d. phosphoenol-pyruvate
e. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

A

b. 3-phosphoglycerate

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25
Q

Identify compound A formed from phosphohydroxy- pyruvate in serine biosynthesis:

Select one:
a. Phosphoenol-pyruvate
b. 2-phosphoglycerate
c. 3-phosphoglycerate
d. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
e. Phospho-L-serine

A

e. Phospho-L-serine

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26
Q

The type of the reaction shown below is:

Select one:
a. Transamination
b. Amination
c. Deamination
d. Amidation
e. Deamidation

A

a. Transamination

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27
Q

Hydrolytic removal of the phosphoryl group from phospho-L-serine in serine biosynthesis is catalyzed by the following enzyme:

Select one:
a. phosphoserine-dehydrogenase
b. phosphoserine-hydrolase
c. serine-dehydrogenase
d. serine-hydrolase
e. serine synthetase

A

b. phosphoserine-hydrolase

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28
Q

Identify the type of the reaction catalyzed by mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase in the direction of L-glutamate formation:

Select one:
a. oxidative deamination
b. oxidative decarboxylation
c. oxidative carboxylation
d. reductive amination
e. reductive decarboxylation

A

d. reductive amination

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29
Q

Interconversion of serine and glycine is catalyzed by the following enzyme:

Select one:
a. Glycine-N-methyltransferase
b. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase
c. Serine dehydrogenase
d. Glycine aminotransferase
e. Glycine dehydrogenase

A

b. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase

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30
Q

Name the enzyme catalyzing the following reaction:

Select one:
a. Dimethyl-glycine dehydrogenase
b. Serine dehydrogenase
c. Serine hydrolase
d. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase
e. Homocysteine-N- methyltransferase

A

d. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase

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31
Q

Identify the amino acid (AA) interconverted to glycine in the following reaction

Select one:
a. Serine
b. Alanine
c. Glutamine
d. homocysteine
e. Glutamate

A

a. Serine

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32
Q

Identify the type of the reaction catalyzed by mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase in the direction of alpha-Ketoglutarate formation:

Select one:
a. oxidative deamination
b. oxidative decarboxylation
c. oxidative carboxylation
d. reductive amination
e. reductive decarboxylation

A

a. oxidative deamination

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33
Q

Name the amino acid (AA) interconverted to glycine in the following reaction:

Select one:
a. Homocysteine
b. Serine
c. Alanine
d. Glutamine
e. Aspartate

A

b. Serine

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34
Q

Serine is interconverted to the following amino acid by serine- hydroxymethyltransferase:

Select one:
a. Alanine
b. Cysteine
c. Glutamine
d. Aspartate
e. Glycine

A

e. Glycine

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35
Q

Serine is interconverted to the following amino acid by serine- hydroxymethyltransferase:

Select one:
a. Alanine
b. Cysteine
c. Glutamine
d. Aspartate
e. Glycine

A

e. Glycine

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36
Q

Serine is interconverted to another amino acid (AA) in the reaction shown below. Name the amino acid:

Select one:
a. Alanine
b. Glycine
c. Glutamine
d. Aspartate
e. Cysteine

A

b. Glycine

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37
Q

In the reaction catalyzed by serine-hydroxymethyltransferase enzyme the following cofactor is utilized:

Select one:
a. Biotin
b. NADH+H+
c. Dihydrobiopterin
d. Tetrahydrofolate
e. Coenzyme A

A

d. Tetrahydrofolate

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38
Q

In the conversion of serine to glycine catalyzed by serine- hydroxymethyltransferase the following cofactor is formed:

Select one:
a. NAD+
b. FAD
c. Methylenetetrahydrofolate
d. FADH2
e. Coenzyme A

A

c. Methylenetetrahydrofolate

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39
Q

Identify the cofactor utilized (A) and formed (B) in the reaction catalyzed by serine-hydroxymethyltransferase:

Select one:
a. A is Methylene- tetrahydrofolate, B is Tetrahydrofolate
b. A is Dihydrofolate, B is Tetrahydrofolate
c. A is Methylene- tetrahydrofolate, B is Methenyl-tetrahydrofolate
d. A is Tetrahydrofolate, B is Methylene-tetrahydrofolate
e. A is Formyl-tetrahydrofolate, B is Methenyl-tetrahydrofolate

A

A is Tetrahydrofolate, B is Methylene-tetrahydrofolate

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40
Q

Which amino acid is condensed with serine in the biosynthesis of cysteine?

Select one:
a. Selenocysteine
b. Methionine
c. Phospho-serine
d. Glycine
e. Homocysteine

A

e. Homocysteine

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41
Q

Identify the cofactor utilized and formed in the reaction catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase:

Select one:
a. A is FADH2, B is FAD
b. A is FAD, B is FADH2
c. A is NAD(P)H+H+, B is NAD(P)+
d. A is NAD(P)+, B is NAD(P)H+H+
e. A is NADH+H+, B is NADPH+H+

A

A is NAD(P)H+H+, B is NAD(P)+

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42
Q

Serine and compound A are converted to L-homoserine and cysteine. Identify compound A:

Select one:
a. Homocysteine
b. Selenocysteine
c. Ascorbate
d. Methionine
e. Glycine

A

a. Homocysteine

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43
Q

The following enzyme converts phenylalanine to tyrosine:

Select one:
a. Phenylalanine-hydroxymethyl-transferase
b. Phenylalanine-hydroxylase
c. Phenylalanine-dehydrogenase
d. Phenylalanine-oxidase
e. Phenylalanine-decarboxylase

A

b. Phenylalanine-hydroxylase

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44
Q

Identify amino acid (AA) in the reaction shown below:

Select one:
a. Histidine
b. Tryptophane
c. Phenylalanine
d. Glutamine
e. Lysisne

A

Phenylalanine

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45
Q

Phenylalanine-hydroxylase converts phenylalanine to the following compound:

Select one:
a. Homoserine
b. Tyrosine
c. Tryptophan
d. Alanine
e. S-adenosyl-methionine

A

b. Tyrosine

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46
Q

Identify cofactor A utilized in the reaction catalyzed by phenylalanine- hydroxylase:

Select one:
a. Biotin
b. FADH2
c. Tetrahydrobiopterine
d. Dihydrofolate
e. Tetrahydrofolate

A

Tetrahydrobiopterine

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47
Q

Identify cofactor A formed in the reaction catalyzed by phenylalanine- hydroxylase:

Select one:
a. Tetrahydrobiopterine
b. Tetrahydrofolate
c. Dihydrofolate
d. Dihydrobiopterine
e. Folate

A

Dihydrobiopterine

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48
Q

Phenylalanine-hydroxylase enzyme is a ____________________:
Select one:
a. oxygenase
b. estherase
c. dehydrogenase
d. isomerase
e. mixed function oxidase

A

e. mixed function oxidase

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49
Q

The reaction catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase favors glutamate synthesis, which lowers the concentration of cytotoxic compound A. Please name compound A:

Select one:
a. NO
b. H2O2
c. O2-
d. ONOO-
e. NH4+

A

NH4+

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50
Q

Catalysis by phenylalanine-hydroxylase incorporates one atom of compound A into phenylalanine:

Select one:
a. H2O2
b. COO-
c. O2
d. OH-
e. CO2

A

O2

51
Q

Hydroxylation of peptidyl prolyl and peptidyl lysyl residues of proteins catalyzed by the following enzymes:

Select one:
a. Phenylalanine-hydroxylase
b. Prolyl oxygenase and Lysyl oxygenase
c. Prolyl hydroxylase and Lysyl hydroxylase
d. Prolyl transferase and Lysyl transferase
e. Proline hydrolase and Lysine hydrolase

A

c. Prolyl hydroxylase and Lysyl hydroxylase

52
Q

Prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase enzymes are __________________.

Select one:
a. hydrolyses
b. estherases
c. mixed function oxidases
d. isomerases
e. oxygenases

A

c. mixed function oxidases

53
Q

Identify compound A decarboxylated in the reaction catalyzed by prolyl hydroxylase:

Select one:
a. Oxaloacetate
b. Citrate
c. Glutamate
d. alpha-Ketoglutarate
e. Aspartate

A

alpha-Ketoglutarate

54
Q

Catalysis by prolyl-hydroxylase incorporates one atom of compound A into proline and succinate:

Select one:
a. H2O2
b. O2
c. NO2
d. CO2
e. COO-

A

O2

55
Q

Identify cofactor A required in the reaction catalyzed by prolyl hydroxylase:

Select one:
a. Cu2+
b. Zn2+
c. Fe2+
d. Ca2+
e. Mn2+

A

Fe2+

56
Q

Identify cofactor A required in the reaction catalyzed by prolyl hydroxylase:

Select one:
a. NAD+
b. FADH2
c. GTP
d. Ascorbate
e. Fumarate

A

Ascorbate

57
Q

Deficiency of the following vitamin required for prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases results in scurvy:

Select one:
a. Vitamin C
b. Vitamin A
c. Vitamin E
d. Vitamin B6
e. Vitamin B12

A

a. Vitamin C

58
Q

Glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme of eukaryotes is present in the following cell organelle:

Select one:
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. peroxisome
c. mitochondria
d. lysosome
e. Golgi apparatus

A

c. mitochondria

59
Q

Name the enzyme catalyzing the following reaction:

Select one:
a. Glutamate dehydrogenase
b. Glutamate decarboxylase
c. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
d. Glutamine decarboxylase
e. Glutamine synthetase

A

Glutamine synthetase

60
Q

What is the type of the reaction indicated by A?

A

A: Transamination

61
Q

What is the type of the reaction indicated by B?

A

B: Oxidative deamination

62
Q

Identify compound A in the following pathway!

Select one:
a. glutamate
b. glutamine
c. α-ketoglutarate
d. aspartate
e. alanine

A

α-ketoglutarate

63
Q

Identify cofactor B in the following reaction!

Select one:
a. NAD(P)H + H+
b. FAD
c. NAD(P)+
d. ADP
e. ATP

A

NAD(P)H + H+

64
Q

Identify substrates A and B in the following reaction!

Select one:
a. A: glutamine, B: glutamate
b. A: glutamate, B: α- ketoglutarate
c. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamate
d. A: glutamate, B: glutamine
e. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamine

A

A: glutamate, B: α- ketoglutarate

65
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction below?

Select one:
a. glutaminase
b. asparaginase
c. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
d. glutamine synthase
e. glutamate dehydrogenase

A

d. glutamine synthase

66
Q

Identify substrate A and product B in the following reaction!

Select one:
a. A: glutamate, B: glutamine
b. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamate
c. A: aspartate, B: asparagine
d. A: oxaloacetate, B: aspartate
e. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamine

A

A: glutamate, B: glutamine

67
Q

Identify compound A in the following reaction!

Select one:

a. alanine
b. aspartate
c. pyruvate
d. asparagine
e. NH4+

A

NH4+

68
Q

Identify cofactor A in the following reaction!

Select one:
a. ATP
b. NADH + H+
c. NADPH + H+
d. NAD+
e. tetrahydrobiopterin

A

a. ATP

69
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction shown below?

A

glutaminase

70
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the following reaction!

A

A: H2O, B: NH4+

71
Q

Identify enzyme A in the pathway shown below!

A

A. carbamoyl phosphate synthase I
B. ornithine carbamoyl transferase
C. argininosuccinate synthase
D. argininosuccinate lyase
E. arginase

72
Q

Identify enzyme B in the pathway shown below!

A

B. ornithine carbamoyl transferase

73
Q

Identify enzyme C in the pathway shown below!

A

C. argininosuccinate synthase

74
Q

Identify enzyme D in the pathway shown below!

A

D. argininosuccinate lyase

75
Q

Identify enzyme E in the pathway shown below!

A

E. arginase

76
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway shown below!

A

A. carbamoyl phosphate

77
Q

Identify compound B in the pathway shown below!

A

B. ornithine

78
Q

Identify compound C in the pathway shown below!

A

C. citrulline

79
Q

Identify compound D in the pathway shown below!

A

D. argininosuccinate

80
Q

Identify compound E in the pathway shown below!

A

E. arginine

81
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway shown below!

A

aspartate

82
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway shown below!

A

Fumarate

83
Q

What is the allosteric activator of enzyme A?

A

N-acetylglutamate

84
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the pathway shown below!

A

A: ATP, B: AMP

85
Q

What are the substrates indicated by A and B?

A

CO2 and NH4+

86
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. What are indicated by A, B and C?

A

A: acetoacetyl-CoA
B: acetyl-CoA
C: pyruvate

87
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. What are indicated by A, B and C?

A

A: acetoacetyl-CoA
B: acetyl-CoA
C: pyruvate

88
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. What are indicated by D, E and F?

A

D: Citrate
E: α-ketoglutarate
F: glutamate

89
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. What are indicated by G, H and I?

A

G: succinyl-CoA
H: fumarate
I: oxaloacetate

90
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by A?

A

A: glutamine, arginine, proline

91
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by A?

A

A: glutamine, arginine, proline

92
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by A?

A

A: glutamine, arginine, proline

93
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by B?

A

B: methionine, isoleucine, valine

94
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by D?

A

D: asparagine, aspartate

95
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by G?

A

G: alanine, cysteine, serine

96
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by E?

A

E: leucine, lysine

97
Q

The degradation of the amino acid indicated by A can lead to the formation of succinyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA as well. Which of the following is this amino acid?

A

isoleucine

98
Q

The degradation of the amino acid indicated by A can lead to the formation of fumarate and acetoacetyl-CoA as well.

A

phenilalanine

99
Q

Identify enzymes A, B, C and D in the reactions below!

A

A: asparaginase
B: transaminase
C: glutaminase
D: transaminase

100
Q

Identify compounds A, B and C in the reaction below!

A

A: asparagine
B: aspartate
C: oxaloacetate

101
Q

Identify enzyme A in the reaction below!

A

asparaginase

102
Q

Identify enzyme B in the reaction below!

A

transaminase

103
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the reaction below!

A

A: H2O, B: NH4+

104
Q

Which compound can be indicated by D in the following reaction?

A

alanine

105
Q

Identify compounds A, B and C in the reaction below!

A

A: glutamine
B: glutamate
C: α-ketoglutarate

106
Q

Identify enzyme B in the reaction below!

A

transaminase

107
Q

Which compound can be indicated by D in the following reaction?

A

alanine

108
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the following reaction!

A

A: cystine, B: cysteine

109
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the following reaction?

A

methionine adenosyltransferase

110
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the following reaction!

A

A: methionine,
B: S-adenosyl-methinonine

111
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the following reaction!

A

A: ATP,
B: Pi + PPi

112
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the following reaction?

A

cystathionine β-synthase

113
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway below!

A

methionine

114
Q

Identify compound B in the pathway below!

A

S-adenosyl-methionine

115
Q

Identify compound C in the pathway below!

A

S-adenosyl-homocysteine

116
Q

Identify compound D in the pathway below!

A

homocysteine

117
Q

Identify compound E in the pathway below!

A

serine

118
Q

Identify compound F in the pathway below!

A

cystathionine

119
Q

Identify compound G in the pathway below!

A

cysteine

120
Q

Identify compound H in the pathway below!

A

α-ketobutyrate

121
Q

Identify compound I in the pathway below!

A

propionyl-CoA

122
Q

What is indicated by D and E in the pathway shown below?

A

D: H2O,
E: adenosine

123
Q

The figure below shows the conversion of methionine to propionyl-CoA.

Which one of the following compounds is not an intermediate of the pathway?

A

α-ketoglutarate

124
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway shown below!

A

Urea