QG theory part 3 vorticity Flashcards

1
Q

It can be shown that the rate of change of vorticity is strongly dominated by two processes

(change of vorticity with time)

A
  • Vorticity advection
  • Divergence
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2
Q

vorticity advection is resembled by

A
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3
Q

Divergence is resembled by

A
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4
Q

Vorticity

A

Rotation of wind around vertical axis (cyclonic or anticyclonic) vertical or in a slope

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5
Q

storm has …………. vorticity

A

large

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6
Q

How to get vorticity equation?

A
  1. using horizontal component of momentum equation (zonal and meridional)
  2. take the derivative of y of u component (zonal)
  3. take the derivative of x of v component (meridional)
  4. rearange
  5. subtract (meridional-zonal)
  6. simplify by scale analysis
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7
Q

vorticity equation:

A
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8
Q

term A means

A

local term

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9
Q

term b means

A

Vorticity advection

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10
Q

term c means

A

constant (coriolis parameter) & divergence

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11
Q

what does the equation mean?

A

vorticity is changing due to vorticity advection and divergence

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12
Q

the divergence term describe

A

the effects of divergence on the change of vorticity within a fluid.

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13
Q

When divergence occurs in a fluid, vorticity becomes more …………………

A

anticyclonic

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14
Q

When…………………… occurs in a fluid, vorticity becomes more anticyclonic

A

divergence

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15
Q

When convergence occurs in a fluid, vorticity becomes more ……………..

A

cyclonic

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16
Q

When ………………………..occurs in a fluid, vorticity becomes more cyclonic

A

convergence

17
Q

When divergence occurs in a fluid, vorticity becomes more anticyclonic. Thus, …………………………spins up …………………………..vorticity

A

convergence, cyclonic

18
Q

When ………………….occurs in a fluid, vorticity becomes more ……………………. Thus, convergence spins up cyclonic vorticity

A

divergence, anticyclonic

19
Q

Surface low-pressure centers are characterized by ………………………….and thus tend to be foci for the production of low-level cyclonic vorticity.

A

convergence

20
Q

Surface low-pressure centers are characterized by convergence and thus tend to be ……………………………………………………..

A

foci for the production of low-level cyclonic vorticity.

21
Q

upper divergence results in vorticity….

A

anticyclonic

22
Q

upper convergence results in……

23
Q

vorticity cyclonic (+ve or -ve)

A

+ve vorticity

24
Q

vorticity anticyclonic (+ve or -ve)

A

-ve vorticity

25
Upstream of the trough, the geostrophic wind is directed from the .................................towards the .................................
vorticity minimum, vorticity maximum
26
.............................................., the geostrophic wind is directed from the vorticity minimum towards the vorticity maximum.
Upstream of the trough
27
Downstream of the trough, the geostrophic wind is directed from the ........................................ towards the .................................
vorticity maximum, vorticity minimum
28
................................................, the geostrophic wind is directed from the vorticity maximum towards the vorticity minimum.
Downstream of the trough,
29
Note that regions of maximum vorticity advection is collocated with regions of ...........................................
divergence
30
Note that regions of .......................................vorticity advection is collocated with regions of divergence
maximum
31
Term A
Vorticity minimum in the ridges
32
Term B
Min. vorticity advection
33
Term C
Maximum vorticity advection
34
Term D
Vorticity max in the trough
35
The most important application of QG theory is
the diagnosis of vertical motion
36
The fundamental equation of QG theory indicate that ......................and ..........................................are dynamically forced by two mechanisms: –Vorticity advection –Thermal advection
vertical motion 𝜔, geopotential height tendency 𝜒
37
The fundamental equation of QG theory indicate that vertical motion 𝜔 and geopotential height tendency 𝜒 are dynamically forced by two mechanisms:
* Vorticity advection * Thermal advection