part1 (2)

Question 1

symbol U represents

Answer 1

Horizontal velocity

10m/s

Question 2

symbol W represents

Answer 2

vertical velocity 0.01 m/s

Question 3

symbol L represents

Answer 3

horizontal distance 10⁶ m

Question 4

Symbol H represents

Answer 4

vertical distance 10⁴ m

Question 5

symbol P represents

Answer 5

pressure change

horizontal 10³pa

vertical 10⁵ pa

Question 6

symbol t represents

Answer 6

time t=L/U

10⁵sec

Question 7

density

Answer 7

1 kg/m³

Question 8

kinematic viscosity

Answer 8

1.46x10^-5 m²/s

Question 9

omega

Answer 9

7.292x10^-5 rad/s

Question 10

latitude

Answer 10

45^º

Question 11

radius of earth

Answer 11

6.378 x 10⁶​ m

Question 12

measure of geostrophy

Answer 12

the extent to which the flow is in geostrophic balance

Question 13

scale analysis for acceleration

Answer 13

Question 14

corriolis scale analysis

Answer 14

Question 15

pressure gradient force scale analysis

Answer 15

Question 16

corriolis scale analysis (not ratio)

Answer 16

Question 17

For synoptic-scale motions, scale analysis reveals that the dominant terms in the horizontal momentum equation are

Answer 17

the pressure gradient force and Coriolis terms

Question 18

For synoptic-scale motions, scale analysis reveals that the dominant terms in the horizontal momentum equation are the pressure gradient force and Coriolis terms.

For the limiting case where these two terms are in exact balance known as

Answer 18

geostrophic balance

Question 19

the geostrophic wind, which is oriented

Answer 19

parallel to isobars with lower values to the left (right) in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere.

Question 20

Answer 20

the vector and scalar expressions for flow that is in exact geostrophic balance

Question 21

hydrostatic equation

Answer 21

assumption to replace the vertical momentum equation

Question 22

Answer 22

hydrostatic equation, balance between the vertical pressure gradient force and gravitational acceleration

Question 23

the vertical motions which do arise, are the result of

Answer 23

small imbalances between these largely cancelling vertical forces

Question 24

Some numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, such as the Global Forecast System (GFS) model in the United States, are currently ………………………………models,

Answer 24

hydrostatic

Question 25

Some numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, such as the Global Forecast System (GFS) model in the United States, are currently hydrostatic models, meaning that they do not explicitly solve the

Answer 25

vertical momentum equation

Question 26

in the global forecast system , the vertical motion is obtained diagnostically, from the

Answer 26

continuity equation

Question 27

An often-overlooked aspect of the continuity equation is that atmospheric mass is

Answer 27

not conserved

Question 28

. The source and sink terms are most important during................................., for example, during a ........................

Answer 28

heavy precipitation, tropical cyclone

Question 29

Answer 29

continuity equation

Question 30

first law of thermodynamics is known as

Answer 30

conservation of energy or thermodynamic energy equation

Question 31

Answer 31

first law of thermodynamics

Question 32

explain each term

Answer 32

dq is the heat added or subtracted from the mass, du is the change in internal energy, and dw is the increment of work done by the air parcel.

Question 33

Answer 33

another expression for the first law of thermodynamics

Question 34

Answer 34

first law of thermodynamics using hydrostatic equation