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Laboratory > QBC STAR CBC INSTRUMENT > Flashcards

QBC STAR CBC INSTRUMENT Flashcards

1
Q

What does the QBC STAR measure

A

(1) Hematocrit (Hct)
(2) Hemoglobin (Hgb)
(3) Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
(4) White Blood Cells (WBC)
(5) Granulocytes
(6) % Granulocytes
(7) Lymph/Mono
(8) % Lymph/Mono
(9) Platelets

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2
Q

__________ is the most frequently ordered lab. It supplies useful information regarding the concentration of the different cellular and non-cellular elements of blood and applies to multiple disorders.

A

CBC

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3
Q

Red Blood Count (RBC)
(a) Normal adult ranges:

A

Males 4.5-5.9 ^6 cells/μL
Females 4.5-5.1 ^6 cells/μL

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4
Q

Hemoglobin
Normal adult ranges:
1) Males _______
2) Females _________

A

1) Males 14-17.5 g/dL
2) Females 12.3-15.3 g/d

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5
Q

Hemoglobin Critical value (low)

A

<8 g/dL

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6
Q

_____________ is the main component of the red blood cell. It is a protein that serves as the vehicle for the transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

A

hemoglobin (Hgb)

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7
Q

The Hgb concentration provides a direct indication of the what?

A

oxygen-transport capacity of the blood.

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8
Q

As the major content of RBCs, Hgb is proportionately low in patients’ with what issue?

A

Anemia

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9
Q

Hematocrit (Hct)
Normal adult ranges:

A

1) Males 42 - 52%
2) Females 37 - 47%

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10
Q

________ is the ratio of the volume of erythrocytes to that of the whole blood

A

Hematocrit (Hct)

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11
Q

The Hct is usually about __ times the Hgb.

A

3

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12
Q

___________ are lab test used to specifically assess red blood cell characteristics.
-This are useful in the evaluation of anemias, polycythemia and nutritional
disorders.
-Essentially, they assess the size and Hgb content of the RBC.

A

RBC indices

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13
Q

Red Blood Cell Indices
______ is an estimate of the average volume (size) of RBC’s and is the most clinically useful of the RBC indices. It is calculated from the hematocrit and the red cell count.

A

Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)

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14
Q

Red Blood Cell Indices
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
Normal Range

A

76-96 fL/cell

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15
Q

Red Blood Cell Indices
An increase in the MCV is normally associated with

A

B12 or folate deficiency

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16
Q

Red Blood Cell Indices
A decrease in the MCV implies some abnormality in Hgb synthesis and most likely caused by

A

an iron deficiency

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17
Q

Red Blood Cell Indices
________ is the amount of hemoglobin per RBC

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)

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18
Q

Red Blood Cell Indices
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) range

A

27-32 pg/cell

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19
Q

Red Blood Cell Indices
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)
_______ seen in Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency
______ seen in an iron deficiency

A

Increase
Decrease

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20
Q

Red Blood Cell Indices
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
Normal Range

A

30 - 35 g/dL

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21
Q

Red Blood Cell Indices
________ is the hemoglobin divided by the Hematocrit

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)

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22
Q

Platelet Count
Normal Range =
Critical Value (Low) =
(High) =

A

Normal Range 150,000-400,000/μL
Critical Value (Low) <20,000/ mm3 risk of hemorrhage.
(High) 1,000,000/ mm3 risk of thrombosis.

23
Q

_______ is an abnormal high platelet count and has many causes such as stress or infection but may also be caused by: Splenectomy, Trauma, Iron deficiency
anemia or Cirrhosis

A

Thrombocytosis

24
Q

_______ is an abnormal low platelet count below 150,000/ mm3 this may be caused by various diseases such as TTP or DIC and may also be seen in leukemia and metastatic cancers.

A

Thrombocytopenia

25
Q

Normal WBC Range=
Critical Value (Low)=

A

Normal WBC Range 4.5-11.0 x 10^3 cells/mm3
Critical Value (Low) <2,000/mm3 (High) 30,000/mm3

26
Q

________________ is a tally of the total number of WBC’s in a given volume of blood plus the relative percentages of the WBC by type.

A

WBC and differential

27
Q

WBC count Normal Ranges:
Neutrophils =
Bands =
Eosinophils =
Basophils =
Monocytes =
Lymphocytes =

A

a) Neutrophils 50-70%
b) Bands 0-5%
c) Eosinophils 1-5%
d) Basophils 0-1%
e) Monocytes 1-6%
f) Lymphocytes 20-40%

28
Q

The relative percentages of each WBC must add to ___%. If one cell type increases the percentage of all other types of cells will decrease.

A

100%

29
Q

During an acute infection there is an increase in the percentage of neutrophils known as _______, as they are released from the bone marrow and demarginate from the endothelium

A

neutrophilia

30
Q

The appearance of band cells in infection is termed a _______.

A

shift to the left

31
Q

_____________________ (an increase in the total number of lymphocytes in relation to the total number of WBC) is typically an indication of a viral infection.

A

Lymphocytosis

32
Q

An increase in eosinophils known as _____ is typical in parasitic infections and allergic disorders

A

eosinophilia

33
Q

Elevated WBC is called ______________. This can result from bacterial infections, inflammations, leukemia, trauma, intense exercise, or stress.

A

leukocytosis

34
Q

A decreased WBC count is called _______. It can result from many different situations, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or diseases of the immune system.

A

leukopenia

35
Q

______________is Hct value above the reference interval of age and sex.

A

Polycythemia

36
Q

________ are category of white blood cells characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm.

A

Granulocytes

37
Q

What are the 3 types of granulocytes?

A

Neutrophil granulocytes
Eosinophil granulocytes
Basophil granulocytes

38
Q

What granulocyte?
a) act as phagocytes and modulate inflammatory responses.
b) are increased with the presence of helminths, in which they destroy by generating potent oxidants and releasing cationic proteins.
c) participate in some inflammatory conditions, particularly allergic reactions, asthma, and certain myocardial diseases.
d) Another function is to dampen hypersensitivity and inflammatory reactions.
e) Normal adult peripheral blood contains 0 to 5% eosinophils.

A

Eosinophils

39
Q

What granulocyte?
a) Most abundant type of phagocyte, important in defense against infectious disease.
b) Constituting 50% to 70% of the total circulating white blood cells

A

Neutrophil

40
Q

What granulocyte?
a) One the least abundant cells in blood, 0 to 1%.
b) The cytoplasm of these cells contains a varied amount of granules; these granules are numerous enough to partially conceal the nucleus.
c) Granule contents of these cells are abundant with histamine, heparin, chondroitin sulfate, peroxidase, platelet activating factor, and other substances.

A

Basophil

41
Q

Atypical lymphocytes – it is used to describe

A

malignant appearing cells

42
Q

Reactive lymphocytes – it is used to describe

A

formed or benign lymphocytes

43
Q

True/False
The listed below cause Atypical lymphocytes
(1 Viral – Adenovirus, Chicken Pox, Cytomegalovirus, EBV (infectious mono), Hepatitis, Herpes Simplex, Herpes Zoster, HIV, Influenza, Paramyxovirus (mumps), Rubella ( measles).
(2 Bacterial – Brucellosis, Parathyroid fever, Pertussis (whooping cough), tuberculosis, typhoid fever.
(3 Drug Reaction – During recovery from acute infections (children)
(4 Miscellaneous – Acute infectious lymphocytosis, allergic reactions, Autoimmune diseases, hyperthyroidism, malnutrition, Rickets, syphilis, toxoplasmosis.

A

False
They cause Reactive lymphocytes

44
Q

What button is used to open the door on the QBC star?

A

Door Release Latch……….

45
Q

What button is this
It is teal colored is located on top of the QBC STAR instrument, toward the right side.
Has several functions:
a) Start Testing – when an untested tube is in the analyzer.
b) Abort Testing – when the instrument is in the process of testing.
c) Reprint Test Results – after automatic test results printout, before
opening the door.
(1 NOTE: The button will only perform these functions at the times described above

A

“STAR” Button………

46
Q

If any errors occur during the system’s self-tests or during operation of the unit, this information too is shown on the _____

A

LCD

47
Q

A special coating in the QBC Star tube stains the two white blood cell populations
granulocytes appear ______
lymphocytes/monocytes appear _____
platelet layer appears ____

A

granulocytes appear orange-yellow
lymphocytes/monocytes appear green
platelets appear yellow-orange

48
Q

It is important to gently mix the blood sample immediately before filling the QBC Star tube by inverting the capped tube. How many times?

A

12 to 15 times

49
Q

The QBC Star tube fills itself by capillary action. When you touch the collection tip to the blood sample, it is drawn into the tube automatically.
a) Fill the QBC STAR tube to the ________. Blood must always be filled to at least the first black line.
b) This results in a blood volume of between ______ and ____ microliters

A

a) second black fill line
b) 65 and 75 microliters

50
Q

The QBC Star Tube must be placed into the instrument within how many minutes of filling

A

15 minutes

51
Q

Rock the QBC Star tube back and forth at least ____ times to mix the blood with the orange coating.

A

four

52
Q

True/False
When rocking the QBC start tube you want the blood to touch the white plug at the end of the tube

A

False
NO TOUCHY

53
Q

True/False
The QBC Star cannot process a tube that has been previously processed.

A

FALSE
it can

Laboratory (10 decks)

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