Qbank 75x2 Jan4 Flashcards
Pediatric Vital Signs
Temperature:
- newborn: 96.8° - 99°
- age 1: 97° - 99°
- toddler: 97.5° - 98.6°
- preschool: 97.5° - 98.6°
- school-age: 97.5° - 98.6°
- adolescent: 97.5° - 98.6°
Apical HR:
- newborn: 120 -160 bpm
- age 1: 90 - 130 bpm
- toddler: 80 - 120 bpm
- preschool: 70 - 110 bpm
- school-age: 60 - 100 bpm
- adolescent: 55 - 90 bpm
Respirations:
- newborn: 30 - 60 (avg 40)
- age 1: 20 - 40
- toddler: 20 - 30
- preschool: 16 - 22
- school-age: 18 - 20
- adolescent: 12 - 20
Blood pressure:
- newborn: 80-90 / 40-50 mm Hg
- age 1: 90/56
- toddler: 92/55
- preschool: 95/57
- school-age: 107/64
- adolescent: 121/70
an immediate prosthetic fitting after an above-the-knee amputation
requires?
Provide cast care to the affected extremity.
closed, rigid cast prevents bleeding/edema and controls pain
no dressing or risk of bleeding
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for end stage renal disease
- because of protein loss from the CAPD, instruct client to eat a high-protein, well balanced diet
- most common complication is peritonitis; use aseptic technique when caring for catheter, fluid, or tubing
- Cap the catheter during dwell time (b/w exchanges)
- 4 cycles in 24hr period that includes 8h dwell time at night
***there is no arteriovenous fistula in peritoneal dialysis
beclomethasone by metered dose inhaler (MDI)
beclomthasone is a corticosteroid;
- canister should be shaken thoroughly before use to disperse and mix the medication with the propellant
- inhaled corticosteroids can predispose to fungal oropharynx infection (candidiasis); rinsing mouth and gargling with warm water when each treatment is completed is imperative to remove residual medication and to delay or prevent onset of infection
- once canister floats on top of a container filled with water it is probably near empty
if a pt has concussion and complains of a headache, what should be given?
acetaminophen (Tylenol) every 4 hours as needed is what should be given
patient should not receive aspirin, as it can prolong any bleeding that might occur
fluorescein angiography
- a series of photographs that detail the eye’s circulation in the retina;
- fluorescein is a dye administered IV; the dye causes temporary staining of the skin so the pt have to drink more fluids immediately after the test
- the eyes are dilated with mydriatic eyedrops before the exam; after exam, client should avoid direct sunlight until eyes have returned to normal
recommended fluid intake per day
1,500–2,000 cc per day
transmission precautions cutaneous anthrax
standard precautions
infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis , spread to humans by contact with infected animal hair and hides
chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
This medicine is a benzodiazepine.
Treats anxiety, symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, and tremor.
Concerning side effects: Drowsiness and blurred vision, additional side effects include constipation, slurred speech, dermatitis, anorexia, polyuria, pancytopenia, and thrombocytopenia;
- administer after meals or with milk to decrease GI irritation
When should metformin (Glucophage) be taken?
“I will take the Glucophage when I first get up and just before I go to bed.”
–>bitter or metallic tastes and abdominal cramps are two common side effects of this drug which can be addressed by the physician possibly adjusting the dose and/or patient taking the medication with meals
take with meals to reduce side effects of the drug–-e.g., nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal cramps, fatigue; these effects tend to be mild and to resolve as therapy continues
biguanide oral hypoglycemic agent, does not cause hypoglycemia; does not increase insulin secretion from the pancreas but helps tissues respond to insulin, decreases gluconeogenesis, and increases glucose uptake into muscles and fat
How is pt respirations with pneumothorax?
tachypnea
hyperpnea vs tachypnea
hyperpnea : increased depth of breathing (like with DKA) RAPID AND DEEP
tachypnea: increased rate of breathing, RAPID AND SHALLOW
how to care for her infant following repair of a cleft lip
hold infant’s head in an upright position
FEED WITH RUBBER-TIPPED SYRINGE AND BUBBLE FREQUENTLY:
- rubber tip can be placed at the side of the mouth to avoid the operative area and to prevent sucking on the tubing; infants with cleft lip swallow excessive amounts of air, so they require frequent bubbling
- site is cleansed with saline or hydrogen peroxide after feeding; position infant on back or side or in an infant seat to prevent trauma to suture line
How should the nurse prepare a client for a bone scan?
- tracer is administered IV
- interval between injection of the tracer and the actual scanning is usually 1 to 3 hours;
- large amounts of fluid maintain hydration and decrease radiation dose to the bladder;
- client should void immediately before scan to prevent a distended bladder
- scan is painless, but may take about 1 hour; client required to lie still throughout the scan
