Qbank 50 1/3 Flashcards
esophagogastric tube
used to treat bleeding esophageal varices assess vital signs for decreased blood pressure and elevated pulse; ensure that balloon pressure and volume is maintained
lumbar laminectomy
surgery to remove the lamina. This is part of the bone that makes up a vertebra in the spine.
position of trochanter roll
trochanter roll is a positioning device that functions as a mechanical wedge under the greater trochanter, prevents external rotation of the hip joint and prevents the femur from rolling. hip tends to rotate externally when the patient is positioned on back if hip in correct alignment, patella faces upward should be positioned from the lateral aspect of the hip to the mid-thigh
what affect does garlic have on diabetic?
have direct hypoglycemic effect; may potentiate action of diabetic drugs including insulin beneficial to take garlic for HTN; side effects include heartburn, flatulence, gastric irritation
mastoidectomy
mastoiditis results from untreated or inadequately treated chronic or acute otitis media. infections needs to be removed. chronic ear infections often cause vertigo
symptoms of blank stare, rigid muscles, ataxia, and nystagmus that is both vertical and horizontal indicate?
phencyclidine piperidine (PCP) intoxication (angel dust)
- with PCP, blood pressure, temperature, and pulse are expected to increase
- aggression in all forms is another symptom that manifests with PCP; can take the form of assault, belligerence, impulsiveness, and/or suicidality, and is very often bizarre in nature; often occurs in unpredictable outbursts;
interventions should be planned to:
- monitor for aggressive symptoms, to prevent them, and to manage them should they occur;
- decreasing stimuli,
- avoiding trying to “talk the person down,”
- securing potential injurious objects in the environment,
- having chemical and physical restraints (along with sufficient staff) available are all measures that can be planned in advance and utilized;
What should be considered when doing straight cath for distended bladder?
Clamp catheter after 300 to 500 mL of urine has drained because rapid decompression of bladder can result in bladder wall damage
types of play among children
1) cooperative play, seen with school-age children; organized rules, leader/follower relationship
2) associative play, seen with preschool children; no group goals; often follows a leader
3) parallel play, seen with toddlers; playing alongside, not with, others
4) solitary play, seen with infants; interest centered on own activity but enjoys presence of others
risperidone (Risperdal)
an antipsychotic
- high incidence of sleep disturbances reported; abnormal dreams, insomnia, and oversedation
- photosensitivity and impaired temperature regulation as with most antipsychogotics
- high risk for orthostatic hypotension, use caution with sudden position changes
myasthenia gravis
symptoms of myasthenia gravis include: muscular weakness produced by repeated movements (soon disappears following rest), diplopia, ptosis, impaired speech dysphagia, respiratory distress; periods of remissions and exacerbations
should do essential motor activities early in the day; take medications prior to activity
should avoid situations that could cause infection
If pt has adrenal insufficiency and has been taking prednisone, what is necessary regarding dosage?
Increase the dosage of medication before surgery.
surgery increases the demand for corticosteroids; nurse should monitor vital signs and blood sugar, and check for infection and bleeding
Why do cataracts occur in older people?
“As you age, the lenses of the eyes gradually lose moisture and their density increases.”
cataracts are partial or total opacity of the normally transparent crystalline lens; occurs because lens becomes less hydrated and more dense
purpose of non-stress test
client has to recline or lie still for at least 20 minutes
non-stress test looks for an acceleration of the fetal heart rate (FHR) in relationship to fetal activity;
favorable result is 2 or more FHR accelerations of 15 bpm lasting 15 seconds over a 20-minute interval
What might JVD after CABG indicate?
jugular vein distention symptom of cardiac tamponade, a potential complication after a CABG caused by blood accumulating around the heart (from bleeding and nonpatent mediastinal tubes) and compressing the myocardium, atria, and ventricles
