Q3-Chapter 7 -All Section Reviews

Question 1

What is federalism?

Answer 1

Government power divided into two or more levels

Question 2

What is the popular nickname for the “necessary and proper” clause? Why is it called this?

Answer 2

• Elastic Clause is the nickname
• Congress is able to stretch the meaning of that clause in order to sanction its activities.

Question 3

Which constitutional amendment guarantees the reserved powers of the states and of the people?

Answer 3

10th Amendment

Question 4

From what source do local, state, and national governments derive their respective powers?

Answer 4

• State and national powers are derived from the constitution.
• Local power is derived from state power.

Question 5

What factor makes it possible for states to differ from one another?

Answer 5

The Constitution gives state sovereignty over many aspects of their government

Question 6

What matters does the full faith and credit clause most often relate to?

Answer 6

Judicial Matters

Question 7

What are the two exceptions to the “full faith and credit” clause?

Answer 7

• This section deals with civil not criminal law
• States are not required to give full faith and credit in every case of divorce

Question 8

How does the “privileges and immunities” clause protect American citizens?

Answer 8

If it guarantees a person’s rights cannot be set aside when he visits another state.

Question 9

In what cases may states make a distinction between residents and nonresidents?

Answer 9

States may distinguish between residents and nonresidents concerning state university tuition and hunting and fishing licenses.

Question 10

Define extradition. How did states historically interpret “shall on demand”?

Answer 10

• Legal process of returning an alleged criminal to the state he was charged.
• As a suggestion not a command

Question 11

What court decision established the national goverment’s slight to force a state to extradite a fugitive?

Answer 11

Puerto Rico vs Branstad

Question 12

1. What clause establishes the proper relationship between state and national governments?
2. Why did the founders include that article in the Constitution?

Answer 12

• Supremacy clause, Article VI section II
• Included it because of the potential of conflict between the states and the national government.

Question 13

How does today’s state loyalty differ from the loyalty felt in the early days of the American Republic?

Answer 13

Citizens were once loyal to the states as of the national government. Today however the federal government plays a far greater role in the lives of the citizens.

Question 14

List fours defenders of states’ rights and the states they represented.

Answer 14

• Robert Eli - Virginia
• Thomas Jefferson - Virginia
• James Madison - Virginia
• John C. Calhoun - South Carolina

Question 14

Describe and illustrate the concept of dual federalism.

Answer 14

• Dual Federalism is the system in which national and state governments exercise authority within their own spheres.
• In modern America, dual federalism is like a marble cake.

Question 15

What event was the beginning of the end for federalism as the founders envisioned it.

Answer 15

Northern victory in the civil war

Question 16

What event in America’s history significantly changed American’s perceptions of the federal government?

Answer 16

Great Depression

Question 17

Did the federal bureaucracy continue to grow during Ronal Reagan’s presidency? Why or why not?

Answer 17

Yes, it was inevitable because of the interdependence of a nation bound by a national transportation and television.

Question 18

What four obligations does the Constitution place on the national government in its relationship in the states?

Answer 18

• The national government must honor the territorial rights of the states.
• Must guarantee each state a republic form of government
• Must protect states from foreign evasion
• It may intervene because state needs help of suppressing domestic violence.

Question 19

What two political forces help preserve the division between the state and national levels of government?

Answer 19

• Congressmen are responsible to the states and districts that elected them.
• Political parties are also built on the state level and are largely independent of their national organizations.

Question 20

How has the federal government used federal aid to gain control of state prerogatives?

Answer 20

Grants come with “strings” attached. In return for the extra money, state and local governments have given up a measure of control over important prerogatives such as public education.

Question 21

Why is it difficult to reverse the policy of federal grants and to reduce federal costs?

Answer 21

Each locale that benefits from federal grants is more concerned about keeping its own benefits than serving the broader needs of the country.

Question 22

Why do leaders in the Frostbelt say the current distribution of federal grants is unfair?

Answer 22

The Sunbelt generally receives more in grants than it pays in taxes, and some areas of the Frostbelt pay more in taxes than they receive in grants.