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ID Boards > Q Set B > Flashcards

Q Set B Flashcards

1
Q

M184V

A

Emtricitabine

-also abacavir

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2
Q

West Nile Virus

A
  • late summer, early fall; continental US; transmitted by mosquitoes
  • fever, HA, malaise, can have faint rash
  • neuroinvasive dz: meningoencephalitis, flaccid paralysis
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3
Q

Complications of Intravesical BCG

A
  • local - prostatitis, epididymitis, penile inf, ureteral obstruction
  • systemic - sepsis, granulomatous hepatitis, nodular or interstitial pneumonitis, osteomyelitis
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4
Q

Coccidiomycosis

A
  • C immitis, posadasii
  • Valley Fever
  • arthralgia, erythema nodosum
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5
Q

Granuloma inguinale

A
  • Klebsiella granulomatis
  • aka donovanosis
  • painless, slowly progressing ulcer (NO adenopathy)
  • kissing lesions
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6
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

A
  • Chlamydia trachomatis

- painless ulcer, unilateral adenopathy

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7
Q

Chancroid

A
  • Haemophilus ducreyi
  • painful ulcer, purulent exudate, painful inguinal lymphadenopathy
  • “kissing ulcers”
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8
Q

Painless genital ulcers

A

Syphilis
LGV (Chlamydia trachomatis)
Granuloma inguinale (Klebsiella granulomatis)

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9
Q

Painful genital ulcers

A

HSV

Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)

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10
Q

Y143

A

raltegravir

-but often needs a second mutation for resistance (N155, Q148)

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11
Q

I50L

A

-atazanavir

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12
Q

Maraviroc

A

-use only for patients with R5 co-receptor

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13
Q

Acute Streptococcal disease Antibody tests

A
  • ASO titer
  • Streptozyme test measure 5 Abs (ASO, hyaluronidase, streptokinase, NAD, DNAse B)- pharyngitis>skin
  • skin infection: only anti-DNAse B, anti-hyaluronidase
  • pharyngeal infection: ASO, DNAse B, NAD, hyaluronidase
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14
Q

K103N

A

Efavirenz

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15
Q

K65R

A

Tenofovir

the ONLY nucleoside analog still susceptible: zidovudine, but lots of side effects

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16
Q

Q148R

A

INSTI

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17
Q

N155H

A

INSTI

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18
Q

Cyclosporine + Tacrolimus toxicity

A

-azotemia, HA, tremor, seizures, mutism, HTN

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19
Q

Voriconazole + cyclosporine

A

-need to REDUCE cyclosporine dose when starting vori

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20
Q

Scombroid

A
  • histamine: rapid onset rash HA, D, abd cramping

- prevention: refrigeration of fish during all stages b/t catching and consumption

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21
Q

Mollaret meningitis

A
  • type of benign recurrent LYMPHOCYTIC meningitis
  • MCC: HSV-2
  • genital lesions often absent
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22
Q

Treatment for Listeria if PCN-allergic

A

TMP-SMX

otherwise, first line is Ampicillin

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23
Q

Aerobic GPRs

A
  • Bacillus (anthracis…)
  • Erysipelothrix
  • Rhodococcus
  • Corynebacterium (diphtheriae…)
  • Arcanobacterium
  • Listeria
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24
Q

TNF-alpha inhibitors put patients at risk for…

A

-TB, PJP, Histo, Listeria

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25
Q

Raspberries

A

Cyclospora

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26
Q

ART in pregnancy

A
  • TDF/FTC or ABC/3TC

- darunavir/ritonavir or DTG or RAL

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27
Q

Dapsone adverse effects

A
  • hemolysis in pts with G6PD

- methemoglobinemia (tx: methylene blue)

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28
Q

Parinaud’s syndrome

A

conjunctivitis + localized adenopathy (cervical, submandibular, pre-auricular)

  • fever
  • ddx: Bartonella, Adenovirus, Tularemia
29
Q

Familial Mediterranean Fever

A
  • recurrent episodes of fever and localized inflammation
  • Jewish, Turkish, Arab
  • 2 days of symptoms
  • colchicine
30
Q

TRAPS (TNF-Receptor Associated Periodic Syndrome)

A
  • recurrent episodes of F, abd pain, localized myalgia or cramp, tender rash, conjunctivitis
  • symptoms resolve after about 5 days
  • Scottish, Irish
  • steroids
31
Q

Smallpox

A
  • airborne precautions
  • quaratine at home until scabs have separated + vaccinate household contacts
  • eczema is a relative (not absolute) contraindication to smallpox vaccine
32
Q

Anthrax

A
  • biphasic: flu-like then rapidly progressive F, cough, SOB

- necrotic mediastinal and hilar LAD, bloody pleural effusions

33
Q

Rubella

A
  • infants with congenital rubella can shed x 1 year

- MMR is a live vaccine

34
Q

Coxiella

A
  • Q fever - asx, flu-like, pna, hepatitis > meningitis, endocarditis
  • inhalation of Coxiella burnetii from soil contaminated with urine/feces/parurition from cattle, goats, sheep
  • mild leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
35
Q

Illnesses from Bartonella

A
  • cat scratch fever (acute infection with LAD)
  • endocarditis
  • trench fever
  • bacillary angiomatosis - purple skin lesions
  • hepatic peliosis - cystic blood-filled liver lesions in HIV pts
  • Carrion’s disease - South America, fever
36
Q

Bacillary angiomatosis

A
  • Bartonella henselae, CATS
  • purple vascular lesions
  • HIV or immunosuppressed
37
Q

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)

A
  • autoimmune; LUNG + RENAL
  • c-ANCA
  • F, sinusitis, saddle nose deformity, hematuria, pulm infiltrates + cavities, arthralgias/myalgias, laryngeal and bronchial masses
38
Q

Tick paralysis

A
  • multiple kinds of ticks
  • fatigue + parasthesias –> weakness (asym or sym, ascending or descending)
  • normal CSF, no flu like symptoms
  • cure: tick removal
39
Q

Botulism

A
  • descending weakness

- cranial neuropathies

40
Q

organophosphate intoxication

A
  • agricultural pesticides

- cholinergic excess –> salivation, tearing, weakness, convulsions

41
Q

Pufferfish

A
  • tetrodotoxin
  • one of the deadliest nautural toxins!
  • weakness, dizzy, paresthesias, hypotension, general paralysis, resp failure
42
Q

Mycoplasma genitalium

A

moxi 10-14 days

43
Q

Eosinophilic Meningitis

A
  1. Angiostrongylus - rat lungworm, eating snails/slugs or crab/shrimp; SE Asia, Hawaii, Caribbean
  2. Baylisascaris - racoons, kids in sandbox or homeless
  3. Gnathostoma: FW fish/frogs/reptiles; Asia
44
Q

Ciguatera

A
  • dinoflagellate toxin; fish related foodborne outbreak
  • GI sx + later neuro sx: parasthesis, painful teeth, hot/cold temp reversal, blurred vision, nerve palsies
  • Caribbean, Miami, South Pacific
45
Q

Statins & ART

A
  • ok to use atorva at low dose

- simva + lova impacted by CYP inhibitors (ex. boosted darunavir)

46
Q

Rickettsia parkeri

A
  • multiple eschars –> then fever, rash

- mid/south atlanic, south central, gulf coast, S american

47
Q

Babesia tx

A

azithro + atovaquone

48
Q

Voriconazole & ART

A

-avoid with boosters and efavirenz (reduces vori level)

49
Q

Burkholderia pseudomallei

A

GN, endemic in SE Asia and N Australia

  • tsunamis, near drownings
  • skin lesions, pna, abscesses; any organ
  • imipenem or ceftaz then 3 mo orals
  • difficult to identify or misidentified on automated systems
50
Q

Orf

A

pox virus, goat/sheep/reindeer
papule –> pustule –> weeping nodules
-last several weeks then resolves, no tx needed

51
Q

Rickettisa africae

A

eschar, leukopenia, rash

-travelers going to S Africa

52
Q

Scrub typhus

A

Orientia tsutsugamushi

  • Asia
  • doxy
  • eschar, F, HA, cough then rash
53
Q

screening test for terminal complement disorder

A

CH50

screens total hemolytic complement level

54
Q

Rat bite fever

A

Streptobacillus moniliformis - filamentous GNR

-F, C, V, HA, myalgias, septic arthritis, rash

55
Q

Dental ppx

A

-only for high risk: prosthetic heart valve, prior endocarditis, CHD with unrepaired cyanotic defect or 6 mo post repair, CHD with residual defect or prosthesis, heart transplant recipient with valvulopathy

56
Q

Clostridium sordellii

A

toxic shock syndrome after abortion

57
Q

Colorado Tick Fever

A
  • recurring/biphasic fever + leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, +/- splenomeganly
  • Dermacentor tick
  • Western US + canada
58
Q

Airborne precautions

A

TB, varicella, measles

59
Q

Pertussis

A

-droplet precautions until on treatment x 5 days

60
Q

Kikuchi disease

A
  • young women, F, cervical LAD, necrotizing histiocytic infiltrate
  • no treatment needed
  • unknown cause
61
Q

Tularemia

A
  • Francisella tularensis
  • wild game or their ticks, handling/cleaning, muskrats, beavers, rabbits, squirrels
  • tick juice –> direct inoculation of eye
  • one cause of Parinaud’s oculoglandular syndrome (conjunc + preauricular LAD)
62
Q

Trichinellosis

A
  • muslce pain/tenderness, splinter & conjunctivial hemorrhages, periorbital edema, ocular pain, eosinophilia
  • pork, wild board, bear
  • tx: albendazole/mebendazole
63
Q

Q151M

A

-resistance to ALL NRTIS except tenofovir

64
Q

Anthrax

A
  • Bacillus anthracis (GPR)
  • exposure: ppx with cipro or doxy (even in kids of pregnant women)
  • no need for nasal swab for presumed exposed people
  • naturally occurring inhalational from hides for drums; standard precautions
65
Q

Ludwig’s angina

A
  • infection spreading from periapical abscess around a molar tooth and extending into the sublingual space
  • usually bilateral
  • amp-sulbactam
66
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

1st line - fenofibrate

2nd line - niacin

67
Q

I50L

A

-atazanavir resistance

68
Q

Neutropenic fever

A

-continue abx in high risk patients throughout the neutropenic period

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