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ID Boards > Notes from Lectures > Flashcards

Notes from Lectures Flashcards

1
Q

Relative Risk

A

incidence in exposed / incidence in unexposed

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2
Q

Odds Ratio

A

Probability that dz developed / probability that it did not develop

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3
Q

AR

A

incidence in exposed - incidence in nonexposed

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4
Q

NNT

A

1 / (rate in untreated - rate in treated)

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5
Q

Sensitivity

A

TP/ (TP +FN)

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6
Q

Specificity

A

TN / (TN + FP)

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7
Q

Sens + Spec are ___ of prevalence

A

independent

vs NPV & PPV are dependent on prevalence

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8
Q

Herpes B virus ppx

A

valacyclovir

macaques

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9
Q

West Nile virus dx

A 
CSF IgM (PCR low sensitivity)
(flaccid paralysis)
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10
Q

St Louis Encephalitis

A
  • mosquitos

- urinary sx early, SIADH

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11
Q

ADEM

A
  • post infectious or post immunization
  • 2-4 wks after trigger
  • b/l asym T2 hyperintensity in white matter
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12
Q

Highest risk for SCT

A

D-R+

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13
Q

Highest risk for SOT

A

D+R-

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14
Q

PJP ppx

A

1st line - tmp-smx (covers toxo + nocardia)
2nd - atovaquone (expensive, poorly tolerated), dapsone (check G6PD, methemoglobinemia, doesn’t cover toxo), IV pentamidine (doesn’t cover toxo)

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15
Q

Fluc resistant Candida

A

C krusei

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16
Q

Septated hyphae

A

Aspergillus

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17
Q

Non-septated hyphae

A

Mucor/zygo

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18
Q

Pseudohyphae

A

yeast

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19
Q

Nocardia - 4 B’s

A

Beaded, Branching, Brain (+lung), Bactrim

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20
Q

Rhodococcus

A

Short GPR, cavitary pna, salmon pink colonies, advanced HIV/SOT, horse/manure exposure

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21
Q

Bacteria with Safety Pin appearance

A 
Yersinia
Vibrio
Burkholderia
H ducreyi (chancroid)
K granulomatis (granuloma inguinale)
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22
Q

Meliodosis

A
  • Burkholderia
  • SE Asia, soil/water exposure (post tsunami), pna + severe sepsis, safety pin GNR
  • can be yrs after exposure
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23
Q

Actinomyces

A
  • sulfur granules
  • dental work or IUD
  • erosive mass
  • filamentous anaerobe
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24
Q

Ehrlichia

A
  • summertime F + cyotpenia, LFTs
  • morulae in MONOCYTES (HME)
  • lonestar tick / Ambylomma
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25
Q

Anaplasma

A
  • Ixodes

- morulae in GRANULOCYTES (HGA)

26
Q

Babesia

A
  • Ixodes
  • presents like malaria
  • morulae in RBCs
  • atovaquone + azithro (AA)
27
Q

Tick borne relapsing fever

A

Borrelia (soft tick)

-spirochete (bacteremia) on bloodsmear

28
Q

Loeffler’s syndrome

A

eosinophilic pneumonitis

-Ascaris

29
Q

Hookworms

A

Ancylostoma, Necator

  • Alabama, rural
  • cutaneous larva migrans, anemia, protein loss
30
Q

Whipworm

A

Trichuris

  • 2 polar plugs, football shaped egg
  • D, frank blood sometimes
31
Q

Pinworm

A

Enterobius

  • eggs have flatish one side
  • dx: pinworm paddle test
32
Q

Wuchereria

A

lymphatic filariasis

33
Q

Loa loa

A

eye worm, filariae

34
Q

Onchocerciasis

A

river blindness, nodules

35
Q

Trichienella

A
  • cysts in wild pig or boar meat

- Abd pain, D, muscle pain, high CK, edema, eosinophilia

36
Q

Acid Fast Bacteria

A 
Mycobacteria
Rhodococcus
Nocardia
Legionella micdadei
\+lesser known others
37
Q

UL97

A

CMV resistance to ganciclovir

38
Q

UL54

A

CMV resistance to gan, cidofovir, & foscarnet

39
Q

ESBL tx

A

carbapenems
(erta - no pseudomonas activity)
(hint to ESBL: R to ctx)

40
Q

AmpC tx

A

Cefepime

or ceftolozane-tazo

41
Q

AmpC organisms

A

SPICE-M

Serratia, Providencia, (Idole positve) Proteus, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Morganella

42
Q

KPC tx

A

mero-vaborbactam
ceftaz-avibactam
imi-cilastin-relebactam

43
Q

Carbapenem gaps

A

MRSA, Steno, Acineto, E faecium

44
Q

Metallo-carbapenemases (VIM, New Dehli, IMP) tx

A

ceftaz-avi + aztrenoam

cefiderocol

45
Q

oxa-type carbapenemase tx

A

ceftaz-avi

46
Q

Only FQ with MRSA coverage

A

delafloxacin

47
Q

Donut granuloma

A

Coxiella (Q fever)

Less commonly - EBV, CMV

48
Q

Janeway lesion

A

NONtender

49
Q

Osler node

A

tender

50
Q

Clenched fist bathroom brawl

A

Eikenella (GNR anaerobe)

51
Q

Recurrent sinopulm inf, chronic enteric inf, occ severe meningitis, low Igs and low response to vaccines

A

CVID

52
Q

Albinism, silvery sheen to hair, periph neuropathy, recurrent skin + sino pulm inf, dx: giant blue granules

A

Chediak Higashi Syndrome

53
Q

Recurrent Staph, Nocardia, Aspergillus (Burkholderia, Salmonella, BCG) inf

A

CGD

dx: DHR 123 or Nitroblue tetrazolium

54
Q

No neutrophils at site of infection, delayed umbilical stump separation, gingivitis

A

Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency

dx: flow for CD18

55
Q

facies, ezema, boils, pna, baby teeth, pulm cysts, mucor, coronary aneurysms, recurrent sinopulm inf

A

Hyper IgE syndrome (Job’s)

STAT3 mutation

56
Q

recurrent NTM infections

A

HIV or interferon gamma receptor deficiency

57
Q

HPV, disseminated NTM, pancytopenia, hypocellular marrow

A

GATA2 deficiency

58
Q

Prairie dogs exposure + pustular rash

A

Monkeypox

no pustular rash –> plague

59
Q

T pallidum pertenue

A

Yaws

ulcerating lesion

60
Q

When to give steroids for PJP

A

pO2 <70 on RA or

A-a gradient >35

61
Q

Lyme disease tx in pregnancy

A

Amoxicillin

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