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ID Boards > Q Set A > Flashcards

Q Set A Flashcards

1
Q

Rickettsia akari

A
  • rickettsialpox
  • NYC, house mouse mite, mild
  • eschar then papular/vesicular lesions
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2
Q

Endocarditis with nutritionally variant Strep tx

A

Granulicatella + Abiotrophia

  • harder to treat than Strep viridans
  • tx: 4 wks pcn or ctx PLUS 2 wks gent
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3
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

RMSF

  • severe, no eschar; south central + SE US (also SW adobe homes); rash can be delayed (wrists/ankles)
  • low or high WBC, thrombocytopenia
  • Dermacentor tick (dog tick)
  • more severe than Ehrlichiosis
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4
Q

Borrelia hermsii

A

Tick-borne relapsing fever

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5
Q

Borrelia recurrentis

A

Louse-borne relapsing fever

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6
Q

Orientia tsutsugamushi

A

SCRUB typhus

  • chiggers
  • SE Asia, Russia, Australia
  • rural
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7
Q

Rickettsia typhi

A

ENDemic typhus

  • cat/rat fleas
  • temperate, usually tropical - Calif, TX, HI
  • RF homeless
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8
Q

Rickettsia prowazekki

A

EPIdemic typhus

  • body louse
  • homeless, refugees, war, famine
  • flying squirrels
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9
Q

Rickettsia conorii

A
  • one eschar

- Southern Europe/Mediterranean

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10
Q

Rickettsia africae

A
  • South Africa, tall grasses, safari
  • multiple eschars
  • Amblyomma tick
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11
Q

HTLV-1

A
  • Caribbean, Japan
  • recurrent persistent strongy
  • rare: spastic paraparesis
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12
Q

Herpes B infection

A
  • macaques

- deep wounds –> valacyclovir asap

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13
Q

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)

A
  • aspergillus, Staph aureus, Nocardia, Serratia
  • outside US: BCG, salmonella, Burkholderia
  • dx: dihydrorhodamine 123 oxidation test
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14
Q

Adult Still’s disease

A
  • high F, arthritis/arthralgias, evanescent rash (salmon pink on trunk/extremities)
  • elevated inflammatory markers
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15
Q

Mycobacterium bovis

A
  • unpasteurized milk products, Mexico
  • typically PZA resistant
  • abd lymphadenitis, peritonitis
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16
Q

Peripheral Outer Retinal Necrosis (PORN)

A

VZV&raquo_space; HSV

-very low CD4 counts, poor prognosis

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17
Q

Tularemia

A
  • Francisella tularensis (GN)
  • exposure to aerosols (lawn mower infected animals), ticks/flies/tissue, wild game/beavers/rabbits/squirrels
  • suppurative LAD, pulmonary (infiltrates, elevated LFTs, F)
  • tx: streptomycin or gent
  • martha’s vineyard / east coast
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18
Q

Plague

A
  • Yersinia pestis (GN)
  • rodent fleas, infected cats; NM, CO, AZ
  • droplet precautions
  • Bubonic- pustules, eschars, painful LAD
  • Septicemic
  • Pneumonic- bloody sputum, rapidly fatal, focal necrotizing infiltrates
  • tx: streptomycin or gentamicin
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19
Q

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

A
  • MCC: sin nombre virus
  • hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia, elevated LFTs, prolonged PT
  • pna + rodent exposure
  • biphasic
  • SW US
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20
Q

Rabies PEP

A
  • a healthy dog, cat, or ferret that bites someone should be monitored for 10 days prior to giving rabies PEP to the victim
  • if no animal –> given rabies IG (at site of bite and remainder in butt) followed by the vaccine at a different site, and again on days 3, 7, and 14
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21
Q

Chaga’s disease

A

Trypanosoma cruzi; reduviid bugs

  • Central and South America
  • congestive cardiomyopathy, conduction abnormalities
  • megacolon, megaesophagus
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22
Q

Yaws

A

ulcerated or papillomatous lesions

Treponema pallidum sbsp pertenue

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23
Q

Pinta

A
  • Western hemisphere, south of US

- Treponema carateum

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24
Q

Leprosy

A

M leprae

-hypopigmented skin lesions with decreased/absent sensation

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25
Q

Serotonin syndrome

A
  • <1 day onset; serotonin agonists
  • hyper-reactivity, tremor, clonus (often has prodrome of N, V)
  • tx: benzos
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26
Q

Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome

A
  • 1st dose to wks onset
  • RIGIDITY, bradyreflexia
  • antipsychotics
  • dantrolene
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27
Q

Meningitis vaccines

A
  • ACYW: all age 11-18
  • B: crowded situations, ages 10-25 or asplenic
  • PEP: direct contact to oral secretions or within 3 feet for 8 hrs
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28
Q

Lyme disease heart block

A

tx: CTX (over doxy) if needs hospitalization

- resolves in days to wks, no permanent pacemaker needed

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29
Q

Hepatitis E

A
  • risk in 3rd trimester for fulminant hepatitis with necrosis
  • India, Africa, SE asia
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30
Q

Hep A PEP

A
  • within 2 weeks of exposure and uncertain vaccine history, given hep A vaccine for people ages 1-40
  • if someone is unlikely to respond to vaccine, can give immune serum globulin
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31
Q

Saddle nose deformity

A

syphilis
granulomatosis with polyangiitis
relapsing polychondritis

32
Q

Relapsing polychondritis

A
  • inflammatory condition of cartilage
  • floppy ears, saddle nose deformities
  • if on ear –> spares lobe!
33
Q

Hyperammonemia syndrome

A

Ureaplasma

Mycloplasma hominis

34
Q

African sleeping sickness

A

-tsetse fly; can have ‘chancre’ that resolves
East: Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense- more severe
West: T brucei gambiense

35
Q

severe malaria complications

A

cerebral edema, pulm edema, HYPOglycemia, hemolytic anemia, renal failure, thrombocytopenia, bacterial infection
-tx: IV quinidine (hard to get), IV artesunate

36
Q

Rhinosporidiosis

A
  • fleshy pedunculated lesions in conjunctiva or nasal mucosa in normal host
  • tropical areas
  • protozoa; stagnant water exposure
37
Q

Encephalitozoon hellem

A

keratoconjunctivitis + sinusitis in IC

38
Q

LTBI 15mm

A

no known risk factors

39
Q

LTBI 10mm

A

-recent immigrants, IDU, healthcare workers / high risk employees, lab personnel, children <4

40
Q

LTBI 5mm

A

PWH, recent contact, old TB on cxr, SOT, immunosuppressed

41
Q

Hepatitis during secondary syphilis

A
  • high AP and bili relative to AST/ALT (similar to lepto)

- indolent

42
Q

Rheumatic fever ppx

A
  • monthly IM pcn or daily pen VK
  • RF WITHOUT carditis: 5 yrs or age 21
  • RF with carditis: 10 yrs
  • RF with residual heart disease: until age 40 or 10 yr after RF (whichever is longer)
43
Q

CVID

A
  • recurrent bac resp infections
  • low IgG
  • dx: measure specific Ab titers before and after immunization
44
Q

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) sydnrome

A

=chinese restaurant syndrome

  • bronhospasm
  • very short incubation
45
Q

PTLD

A
  • EBV
  • F, LAD, lymphomatous infiltrates in lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bm, kidney, lung
  • reduce immunosuppression for tx +/- rituximab
46
Q

Madura foot

A

=mycetoma

  • slowly progressive painless destruction of subcutaneous tissue
  • assoc w/ picking up firewood
  • bac (nocardia, strep, actinomadura) or fungal (scedo, madurella, fusarium)
  • dx: examine grains from drainage
47
Q

Buruli ulcer

A

Mycobacterium ulcerans
chronic ulcer progresses over years
-tropical countries

48
Q

US300 strain

A

community acquired MRSA

-with SCCmec IV gene

49
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A
  • acute: febrile cervical adenopathy (mono without sore throat)
  • reactivation: cerebral lesions or dissem + pulm infiltrates
50
Q

Parvovirus B19 = Erythrovirus B19

A
  • red cell aplasia, arthritis
  • slapped cheeks in kids
  • giant abnromal pronormoblasts on bm bx
  • can cause hydrops in pregnancy
51
Q

Inherent resistance to Ampho B

A

Aspergillus terreus
Scedosporium/Lomentospora
Candida lusitaniae

52
Q

Malaria ppx in pregnancy

A

Avoid travel!

Mefloquine

53
Q

Secondary adrenal insufficiency associated infections

A

Disseminated TB or histo, meningococcus

HIV, itraconazole

54
Q

Sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces

55
Q

Pertussis PEP

A

-household members and close contacts: azithro x 5 days or quarantine x 21 days

56
Q

Allergic fungal sinusitis

A
  • often hx of allergic rhinitis +/- nasal polyps
  • eosinophils, Charcot-Leyden crystals on path, and NO tissue invasion by the mold
  • surgical excision
57
Q

Mycobacterial lymphadenitis

A
  • mostly MTB

- M scrofulaceum - kids <5

58
Q

Bloody diarrhea

A

STEC (shigatoxin producing E coli)
Campylobacter
Shigella
Salmonella

59
Q

Norovirus

A
  • nursing homes, cruises

- vomiting is key sx; can have watery diarrhea

60
Q

Klebsiella oxytoca

A

-can cause antibiotic-related hemorrhagic colitis

61
Q

HIV-2

A 
West Africa
ALL NNRTIS (ex. efavirenz) have NO activity against HIV-2
62
Q

Hep B treatment drugs

A

Emtricitabine, Lamivudine, Tenofovir

Entecavir, Adefovir, Telbivudine

63
Q

FAST growing NTM

A

FAC
Fortuitum
Abscessus
Chelonae

64
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis ddx

A

adenovirus, BK virus, cyclophosphamide, radiation

65
Q

Dirofilaria

A
  • dog heartworm

- can cause solitary (granulomatous) nodule in humans, worm seen on histology

66
Q

acute flexor tenosynovitis

A
  • symmetrical swelling, finger in slight flexion, pain with passive extension, tenderness along flexor tender sheath
  • needs surgical debridement
67
Q

TTP

A

anemia, renal, & CNS damage

68
Q

Adenovirus common presentations

A

non-purulent conjunctivitis, pna, hepatitis, rarely myocarditis

69
Q

Chronic genital HSV not responsive to acyclovir

A 
thymidine kinase (tk) deficient HSV --> acyclovir resistance
-tx: foscarnet
70
Q

Parvovirus B19 = Erythrovirus B19

A
  • red cell aplasia, arthritis
  • slapped cheeks in kids
  • giant abnromal pronormoblasts on bm bx
  • can cause hydrops in pregnancy
71
Q

Mycobacterium ulcerans

A

Buruli ulcer
chronic ulcer progresses over years
-tropical countries

72
Q

Mycobacterium ulcerans

A

Buruli ulcer
chronic ulcer progresses over years
-tropical countries

73
Q

Louse-borne relapsing fever

A
74
Q

Louse-borne relapsing fever

A

Louse-borne relapsing fever

75
Q

Rickettsia parkeri

A
  • Amblyomma tick
  • SE US
  • “American boutonnesue F”

ID Boards (5 decks)

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