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H & L - WBC Diseases > Puttoff/Robins WBC 2 > Flashcards

Puttoff/Robins WBC 2 Flashcards

1
Q

4 big time functions of t helper cells?

A

Activate B cells to secrete antibodies
Activate macrophages to eat
Activate CD8 cells to kill
Inflammation

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2
Q

3 biomarkers for treg cells?

A

Cd4, fox p53, and cd25

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3
Q

What cytokine is essential for distinguishing treg cells?

A

Tgfbeta

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4
Q

What feature to note about NK cells?

A

Granules

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5
Q

What is the function of High endothelial venules?

A

Make surveillance of the body for antigen more efficient so all antigen specific lymphocytes can see all the presenting cells coming through with antigen

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6
Q

What are the 3 viruses leading to lymphomas and which specific ones do they lead to?

A

HTLV1: adult T cell leukemia
EBV: burkitt, some HL, B cell lymphomas in the setting of T cell immunodeficiency, and rare NK cell lymphomas
HHV8: unusual B cell lymphoma that presents as a malignant effusion.

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7
Q

Regarding lymphomas, which ones most often presents with an enlarged non tender LN?

A

2/3 of NHL

All HL

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8
Q

What do the remaining 1/3 NHL present as?

A

Symptoms because of extranodal sites

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9
Q

What are the 2 neoplasms of immature b and T cells?

A

B ALL and T ALL

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10
Q

What are the 8 neoplasms of mature B cells?

A

CLL, MM, follicular lymphoma, mantel cell lymphoma, marginal cell lymphoma, burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia

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11
Q

6 neoplasms of mature T cells or NK cells?

A 
Adult T cell leukemia
Peripheral T cell lymphoma
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Extra nodal NK/T cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia
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12
Q

Primary extranodal lymphomas are more common in NHL or HD? What are the three most common extranodal sites in order of frequency for NHL?

A

GI, skin, head and neck

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13
Q

What is accurate terminology for extranodal/nodal for spleen for HD and NHL?

A

Extranodal for NHL and nodal for HD

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14
Q

What are the two gene mutations in BALL and what is the most common gene mutation in TALL?

A

RUN X1 and ETV6

NOTCH1

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15
Q

What is the most common cancer of children?

A

ALL

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16
Q

Compare prevalence of whites and blacks with ALL? Which ethnic group has the highest incidence of any group getting ALL?

A

Whites more than blacks

Hispanics

17
Q

Symptoms of acute leukemia are related to what 4 things?

A

Depression of marrow function, fever, infection and bleeding

18
Q

2 specific symptoms more common to ALL?

A

Mass effects and CNS manifestations like HA vomiting, nerve palsies

19
Q

What are 5 favorable prognostic factors for ALL?

A 
Age 2-10
Low WBC count
Hyperdiploidy
Trisomies 4,7,10
12;21 translocation
20
Q

4 unfavorable prognostic factors for ALL?

A

Age under 2
Teen or adult
Peripheral blasts over 100k
9:22 or Philadelphia translocation

21
Q

What is the most common leukemia in adults in the western world?

A

CLL

22
Q

4 cd markers for CLL?

A

5,19,20 and 23

23
Q

What is the richter transformation?

A

CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma transforms to diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

24
Q

What is the most common form of indolent NHL?

A

Follicular lymphoma

25
Q

What is the most common form of NHL?

A

DLBCL

26
Q

Two most common mutations of DLBCL?

A

Dysregulation of BLC6

Small percentage have the BCL2 translocation of follicular

27
Q

What are the two subtypes of DLCBL associated with herpes virus?

A

Immunodeficiency associated large B cell lymphoma EBV

Primary effusion lymphoma KSHV/HHV8

28
Q

What is normally expressed predominantly in GC B cells and what is essential for GC formation? Also, DLBCL tumors that have the BCL2 translocation, usually lack what mutation?

A

BCL6

29
Q

What part of the body is frequently involved with DLBCL and what is uncommon?

A

Waldeyer ring and extranodal sites are common

BM

30
Q

3 subtypes of burkitt?

A

African
Sporadic
HIV

31
Q

Most burkitt lymphomas manifest where?

A

Extranodal

H & L - WBC Diseases (11 decks)

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