PUP DRUGS - CT Flashcards
Doxycycline (vibramycin, monodox, adoxa)
sun, w/ food, no Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn, decrease OC
Amoxicillin (amoxil)
CI: Penicillin allergy, decrease OC
Cephalexin (keflex)
No Zn, CI: cephalosporin, caution if penicillin allergy
azithromycin (zithromax, z-pak, tri-pak)
CI: Macrolide allergy, No Al, Mg
ciprofloxacin (cipro, ciloxan)
No Ca, Fe, sun, increase caffeine CI: fluoroquinolone
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
sun, w/ water, CI: sulfa allergy
nitrofurantoin (macrobid, macrodantin)
orange/brown urine/feces, no Mg, take w/ food/milk
fluconazole (diflucan)
report new rash
valacyclovir (vatrex)
drink lots of fluid
metronidazole (flagyl)
CI: EtOH 3d after, metallic taste
Loratadine (claritin)
headache
Diphenhydramine (benadryl)
hyperactivity in children, No EtOH
Fluticasone (flonase)
shake well, may take several days for full effect
Montelukast (singulair)
take in evening
albuterol sulfate (proventil, proair, ventolin HFA)
shake well, increased HR
budesonide and formoterol
Shake well, rinse mouth to prevent thrush
benzonatate (tessalon)
do not chew
dextromethorphan (delsym)
potential for abuse (hallucinogen)
guaifenesin (mucinex)
drink lots of water, nausea
pseudoephedrine (sudafed)
Insomnia, jitters, increased HR
amphetamine/dextroamphetamine (adderall, adderall XR)
weight loss, increased HR, take in AM (insomnia)
methylphenidate (ritalin, ritalin LA, Concerta)
weight loss, increased HR, take in AM (insomnia)
escitalopram (lexapro)
insomnia or drowsiness, sexual dysfunction
venlafaxine (Effexor, Effexor XR)
insomnia or drowsiness, w/ food
fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem)
Sexual dysfunction, anorexia, diarrhea, asthenia (lack of energy)
duloxetine (cymbalta)
Insomnia or drowsiness, w/ food
sertraline (zoloft)
Insomnia > drowsiness, w/ food, sexual dysfunction
amitriptyline (elavil)
drowsiness, weight gain, constipation
trazodone (Desyrel)
drowsiness, w/ food
Bupropion (wellbutrin XR, zyban, Wellbutrin)
Insomnia, take 1 week before pt intends to quit smoking
Aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)
(Bayer Aspirin)
Stomach Upset(bleed), w/ food/milk, w/ water, don’t give to kids >18, ringing in ear at high dose
Ibuprofen (OTC: advil, Motrin IB / Rx: Motrin)
stomach upset (bleed), w/ food/milk, avoid if history of heart problems
Naproxen Sodium (OTC: Aleve / Rx: Anaprox, Anaprox DS)
Stomach upset (bleed), w/ food/milk, avoid if history of heart problems
Meloxicam (Mobic)
Stomach upset (bleed), w/ food/milk, avoid if history of heart problems
Methylprednisolone (Medrol)
Finish entire course, w/ food/milk, insomnia
Hydrocortisone (ala-cort, anucort-HC, Instacort 5)
Localized burning
acetaminophen (APAP)
(tylenol)
DON’T treat hangovers with APAP due to liver toxicity
Tramadol (Ultram)
Constipation, Drowsiness, Dizziness
Hydrocodone/APAP (Norco, Vicodin, Lortab)
Stomach upset, constipation, drowsiness, not a hangover treatment
Oxycodone (oxy IR, Oxycontin)
stomach upset, constipation, drowsiness, don’t crush or chew CR tabs
olanzapine (zyprexa)
drowsiness, weight gain, increased blood sugar, movement disorder, decreased sex drive
quetiapine (seroquel)
drowsiness, weight gain, increased BP, increases appetite, dizziness
aripiprazole (abilify)
drowsiness or insomnia, weight gain, movement disorders
topiramate (topamax)
dizziness/drowsiness, numbness/tingling, memory impairment, weight loss due to increased appetite from nausea
pregabalin (lyrica)
drowsiness/dizziness, headache, blurred vision, weight gain
gabapentin (neurontin)
drowsiness/dizziness, uncoordinated muscles movements
Lamotrigine (lamictal)
drowsiness/dizziness, uncoordinated muscle movements, headache, blurred/double vision
divalproex sodium (depakote, depakote ER)
drowsiness/dizziness, tremor, muscle weakness, upset stomach
Zolpidem (ambien, ambien CR)
take 20 mins before bedtime, >8h of sleep, abnormal sleep behaviors
temazepam (restoril)
take right before you get in bed, >8 hours of sleep, headache
Promethazine (Phenergan)
Drows/dizz, no EtOH, sun
odansetron (zofran)
headache, fatigue, constipation or diarrhea
omeprazole (prilosec)
works in 1day, 4 days for full effect, >1h before food, separate antacid by 2h
famotidine (pepcid AC)
works in 1h, 1 day for full effect, can take w/ antacids
magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, simethicone (maalox)
shake well, works in mins, MANY drug-drug interactions, constipation (Al), diarrhea (Mg and simethicone)
Calcium carbonate (tums)
Constipation, chew, don’t use >2 weeks w/out MD approval
Docusate Sodium (colace)
works in 1-3d, w/ water, diarrhea, cramps
polyethylene glycol PEG (miralax, golytely)
lax works in 1-3 days, don’t take lax longer than 1 week w/out MD approval, colon prep works in 1h, diarrhea, cramps, bloating
bisacodyl (dulcolax)
oral dose works in 8h, suppository works in 15-60mins, don’t take >1 week w/out MD approval, diarrhea, cramps
Loperamide (imodium)
Drowsiness, if not improved in 2 days, call MD (dehydration)
Omega-3 Fatty acids (lovaza)
burping/taste disturbances, swallow whole, refrigerate to reduce taste/smell
Fenofibrate (Trilipix, Tricor)
Increased liver enzyme, DC if gallstones form, photosensitivity
Atorvastatin (lipitor)
Increased liver enzymes, report unusual muscle pain, avoid grapefruit, CI if pregnant, diarrhea
Rosuvastatin (crestor)
Increased liver enzymes, report unusual muscle pain, avoid grapefruits, CI if pregnant, diarrhea
Ezetimibe (zetia)
Increased liver enzymes, diarrhea
Insulin lispro (humalog)
decreased blood sugar, refrigerate unopened vials, discard after 28 days in room temp, let syringe reach room temp, rotate inj sites
insulin glargine (lantus)
Decreased blood sugar, refrigerate unopened vials, discard after 28 days at room temp, let syringe reach room temp, rotate inj sites
Metformin (glucophage)
diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, w/ food, titrate dose up weekly, long-term use can cause vit b-12 deficiency
Dapagliflozin (farxiga)
UTI inf, increased urine output, decreased blood pressure
Liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda)
Low blood sugar, rotate inj sites, diarrhea, nausea, headache
Clopidogrel (plavix)
avoid NSAIDs, seek med attn for bleeding/bruising, avoid abrupt DC
Warfarin (coumadin)
avoid NSAIDs, seek med attn for bleeding/bruising, avoid abrupt DC, keep Vit.K (green leafy vegs) and EtOH consumption consistant, many drug interactions, take missed dose ASAP but don’t double up
rivaroxaban (xeralto)
seek med attn for bleeding/bruising, gastroenteritis, vomiting, cough(peds)
Furosemide (Lasix)
sun, decreased electrolytes, dizz upon standing, avoid taking at bedtime (increased urination)
Spironolactone (aldactone)
Gynecomastia, increased serum potassium, diarrhea, irregular menses
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) (Microzide)
sun, dizz upon standing, don’t take at bedtime (increased urination)
Lisinopril (Zestril, Prinivil)
avoid during pregnancy, dizz, dry cough, headache, increased serum potassium
Losartan (cozaar)
avoid during pregnancy, dizz, headache, increased serum potassium
Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Leg swelling, headache
Metoprolol Tartrate (lopressor)
Metoprolol Succinate (Toprol XL)
dizz, fatigue (7days), w/food, lowers HR, don’t DC abruptly
Levothyroxine (Levoxyl, Synthroid, Tirosint)
w/ water, 30min before breakfast, take same time everyday, >4h seperation from antacids and Fe, several weeks to to see Sx improve
tamsulosin (Flomax)
30 mins after the same meal, orthostatic hypotension
Tolterodine (Detrol LA)
Constipation, dry mouth
Donepezil (aricept)
Nausea, diarrhea, risk of stomach bleed with NSAIDs, prolonged QT interval
Alendronate (Fosamax)
30mins before breakfast, get adequate Ca and Vit. D intake, w/ 8oz of water and stand upright for 30mins, report heartburn or bone pain
allopurinol (zyloprim)
report rash, nausea/diarrhea, Gout attacks may be more frequent in early therapy
Oseltamivir (tamiflu)
Initiate Tx within 48h of onset of Sx
Ferrous Sulfate (slow fe, ferosul)
take on empty stomach, 2h before or after other meds, black stool, constipation
Sumatriptan (imitrex)
tingling, avoid if Hx of cardiovascular Dx, Over use (>10 days per month) may worsen Sx
Tadalafil (cialis)
Don’t take more than 1 a day, avoid EtOH, avoid grapefruit, report loss of hearing/vision and DC
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Drows, fatigue, ataxia, behavioral problems
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Confusion, drows (EtOH increases), don’t skip suddenly if taking routinely
Cyclobenzaprine (flexeril)
Dry mouth, dizziness, drowsiness
EE/ norgestimate
Mimic natural menstrual cycle
EE/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate
replaces iron
EE/ drospirenone
only 4 inactive days = shorter menstrual cycle
EE/ norelgestromin
apply new PATCH for 3 weeks, week 4 is patch free
EE/ etonogestrel
Insert RING on or before day 5 of cycle, leave in for 3 weeks, remove on week 4
Medroxyprogesterone
Inj in deltoid every 3 months, don’t use >2 years due to potential bone loss
Levonogestrel
Take ASAP within 72h of sex