Cancer Drugs Classes/Targets Flashcards
1
Q
Osimertinib
A
- Kinase-i
- EGFR-i (inhibits T790M mutation)
2
Q
BlinatumUmab
A
- Bispecific antibody (T cell Engager) (BiTE)
- binds CD3 to CD19
3
Q
Tucatinib
A
- Kinase-i
- HER2-i &TKI
4
Q
M Phase
A
Microtubule-i
5
Q
Alectinib
A
- Kinase-i
- EML4-ALK-i
- genetic testing for mutation
6
Q
Cyclophosphamide
A
- Alkylator
- Prodrug –> phosphoramide mustard (PM)
- Add Mesna to decrease acrolein (byproduct)
- D-L: Hemorrhagic cystitis
7
Q
Midostaurin
A
- Kinase-i
- FLT3-i (broad)
8
Q
Methotrexate
A
- Antifolate
- DHFR-i (inhibits TMP synthesis)
- RM: inc. DHFR and dec. polyglutamation
- Rescue: Leucovorin (rescues toxic effects)
9
Q
Bortezomib
A
- Proteasome-i
- SE: neuropathy
10
Q
Abiraterone
A
- Endocrine
-17alpha-hydrolase and C17,20 lyase-i - SE: inc. cholesterol
11
Q
6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP)
A
- Antimetabolite
- Purine analog (inhibits purine synthesis)
- RM: loss of HGPRT (activating enzyme)
- inactivated by TPMT
- DrugI: Allopurinol
12
Q
Fulvestrant
A
- Endocrine
- SERD (selective estrogen receptor down-modulator)
13
Q
Leuprolide
A
- Endocrine
- GnRH Analog
- SE: gynecomastia, sex dysfxn
14
Q
PembroliZUmab
A
- Antibody
- targets PD-1 (blocks interaction with PD-L1)
15
Q
Cytarabine (Ara-C)
A
- Antimetabolite
- Cytosine Analog (inhibits DNA polymerase)
- Prodrug –> Ara-CTP
- RM: inc. cytidine deaminase (CDA)
- Synergy: Tethrahydrouridine (CDA-i)
16
Q
Gefitinib
A
- Kinase-i
- EGFR-i (Exon 19 or 21) (L858R)
- RM: T790M mutation
17
Q
G2 Phase
A
- Top2-i (Etoposide and Bleomycin)
18
Q
CAR-T
A
- Cell-based Tx
19
Q
Venetoclax
A
- Anti-Apoptotic protein-i
- BCL-2-i
20
Q
RituXImab
A
- Antibody
- targets CD20 (B cell/ Non-Hodgkin’s)
21
Q
CetuXImab
A
- Antibody
- EGF-i
- SEVERE infusion rxn
22
Q
Imatinib
A
- Kinase-i
- Bcr-Abl-i
- RM: T3151 mutation
- Tox: fluid retention and edema
23
Q
Sipulcel-T (Provenge)
A
- Cell-Based Tx
- PAP-GM-CSF
- “Therapeutic Vaccine”
24
Q
G1 Phase
A
- CDK4/6-i
25
Q
TrastuZUmab
A
- Antibody
- targets HER2
- combo with Pertu and Docetaxel
26
Q
TrastuZUmab Emtansine
A
- Antibody-drug conjugate
- HER2 antibody
- microtubule destabilizer
27
Q
Letrozole
A
- Endocrine
- Aromatase-i (non-steroidal)
28
Q
Enzalutamide
A
- Endocrine
- Androgen Receptor Antagonist
29
Q
Erubulin
A
- Microtubule-i
- microtubule polymerization-i (destabilizer)
- Lower rate of neurotoxicity than Vinca Alkaloids)
30
Q
PertuZUmab
A
- Antibody
- targerts HER2 (prevents dimerization)
- combo with Trastu and Docetaxel
31
Q
Taquetamab
A
- Bispecific antibody (T cell Engager) (BiTE)
- binds CD3 with GPRC5D
32
Q
Ponatinib
A
- Kinase-i
- Bcr-Abl-i (inhibits T3151 mutation)
33
Q
Cisplatin
A
- Platinum Compound
- Prodrug –> Aquo form
- D-L: Nephrotoxicity (proximal tubule)
34
Q
Teclistamab
A
- Bispecific antibody (T cell Engager) (BiTE)
- binds CD3 with BCMA (B cell maturation antigen)
35
Q
Lapatinib
A
- Kinase-i
- EGFR-i & HER2-i
- SE: reversible dec. in cardiac function
36
Q
Doxorubicin
A
- Top2-1
- intercalates (free radicals)
- SE: cardiotoxicity (iron-catalyzed free radical formation), extravasation
- add Dexrazoxane to dec. cardiotoxicity
37
Q
S phase
A
- Anti-Metabolites
- Anti-Folates
- Top1-i
38
Q
Non-Cell Cycle Specific
A
- Alkylators
- Platinum Compounds
- Top2-i (Doxorubicin)
39
Q
5-Azacytosine
A
- DNA Methylation-i
- DNMT-i (reactivation of tumor suppressor genes)
40
Q
Olaparib
A
- Kinase-1
- PARP-i (traps PARP to DNA)
- need BRCA mutation for PARP-i to work (BRCA is a tumor suppressor)
- “synthetic lethality”
41
Q
Afatinib
A
- Kinase-i
- Covalent EGFR-i (Exon 19 or 21)
- RM: T790M mutation
- genetic test for mutation
42
Q
Paclitaxel
A
- Microtubule-i (taxane)
- Microtubule stabilizer
- D-L: myelosuppresion
- Linked to albumin
43
Q
Exemestane
A
- Endocrine
- Aromatase-i (steroidal)
44
Q
Vincristine
A
- Microtubule-i (Vinca Alkaloid)
- Microtubule Destabilizers
- D-L: neurotoxicity
- SE: extravasation
- Rm: pGP
45
Q
Quizartinib
A
- Kinase-i
- FLT3-i (ITD mutation)
46
Q
DaratumUmab
A
- Antibody
- targets CD 38 (plasma B cell)
47
Q
Pomalidomide
A
- thalidomide analog
- degrades IKZF TFs
- Needs POMALYST and REMS
48
Q
Etoposide
A
- Top2-i
- doesn’t intercalate (no free radicals)
49
Q
Acalabrutinib
A
- Kinase-i
- BTK-i
50
Q
Dabrafenib
A
- Kinase-i
- BRAF-V600-i
- Combo with Trametinib (b/c Dabraf induces squamous cell carcinomas)
51
Q
Sirolimus
A
- Kinase-i
- Rapamycin Analog (mTOR-i) (blocks IL-2 signaling)
52
Q
Irinotecan
A
- Top1-i
- RM: pGP, MRP, GST
53
Q
AtezoliZUmab
A
- Antibody
- binds PD-L1 (blocks interaction with PD-1)
54
Q
Bleomycin
A
- glycopeptide antibiotic (Top2-i)
- free radicals cause DNA breaks
- SE: Pulmonary toxicity and Rash (low levels of bleo aminohydrolase in skin and lungs)
- RM: inc. bleo aminohydrolase
55
Q
MosunetuZUmab
A
- Bispecific antibody (T cell Engager) (BiTE)
- binds CD3 with
CD20 - D-L: cytokine storm
56
Q
Mitomycin C
A
- Alkylator
- D-L: myelosuppression
57
Q
RamucirUmab
A
- Antibody
- VGEF-i (binds receptor)
58
Q
Tamoxifen
A
- Endocrine
- SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulator)
- Prodrug (CYP2D6)
59
Q
Palbociclib
A
- Kinase-i
- CDK4/6-i (stops phosphorylation of Rb)
- involved in cell-cycle control
60
Q
TrastuZUmab Deruxtecan
A
- Antibody-drug conjugate
- HER2 antibody
- Top1-i
61
Q
BevaciZUmab
A
- Antibody
- VGEF-i (binds ligand)
62
Q
5-FU
A
- Antimetabolite
- Uridine Analog (inhibit thymidylate synthase)
- Prodrug –> FdUMP
- RM: dec. of enzyme that 5-FU-> FdUMP
- Rescue: Thymidine
- Synergy: Leucovorin
- metabolized by DPD
63
Q
IpilimUmab
A
- Antibody
- targets CTLA-4 (Remove Emergency breaks) (reverses CTL inhibition)
- SE: inflammatory response (may need high-dose corticosteroid)
64
Q
Ixabepilone
A
- Microtubule-i (Epothilones)
- Microtubule stabilizers
65
Q
Chlorambucil
A
- Alkylator
66
Q
Trametinib
A
- Kinase-i
- MEK1 & MEK2-i
- can’t use if pt already received BRAF-i Tx
67
Q
Crenolanib
A
- Kinase-i
- FLT3-i (more specific)
