Pulp & Root Anatomy Flashcards
The anatomy of the crown of a tooth is significant to the _____ from a _____ standpoint
Function
Occlusal
The root morphology & surrounding structures determine ____ for teeth
Support
There is an important relationship of ___ to ______
Periodontal disease; restorative dentistry
The important relationship of periodontal disease to restorative dentistry impacts the:
Placement of restorations, crowns & periodontal debridement
The tissues that surround the teeth:
Periodontium
The Periodontium includes:
1- cementum
2- gingiva
3- alveolar bone
4- periodontal ligament
Covers the bone & surrounds the cervical portions of teeth
Gingiva
The visible part of evaluated through examination
Gingiva
The most incisal unattached portion; surrounds the tooth to form a collar of tissue with a space or sulcus
Free gingiva
Separates the attached gingival from the free gingiva
Free gingival groove
The zone of gray to light or coral pink keratinized masticatory oral mucosa that is firmly bound to underlying bone
Attached gingivca
The attached gingiva extends between:
Free gingival & alveolar mucosa
Describe the tissue makeup of attached gingiva:
Grey to light pink keratinized masticatory mucosa
The junction between the attached gingiva & looser alveolar mucosa
Mucogingival junction
Movable, dark pink to red tissue; apical to the Mucogingival junction
Alveolar mucosa
Not seen visually but can be evaluated with a periodontal probe during examination
Gingival sulcus
Space between the tooth sulcus & narrow cervical collar of free gingiva
Gingival sulcus
Covers roots of the teeth
Cementum
The alveolar bone may also be called:
Alveolar process
Forms & supports the tooth sockets
Alveolar bone
Surrounds the tooth root & attaches to the alveolar bone:
Periodontal ligament (PDL)
What makes up the periodontal ligament:
Oblique periodontal fibers
Soft tissue component of the tooth that occupies the internal cavity of the tooth:
Pulp
THe outline of the pulp cavity follows the:
External outline of the tooth
The pulp cavity can be divided into:
Pulp chamber
Pulp canal(s)
The functions of the pulp (4)
1- formative
2- nutritive
3- sensory
4- defensive
What is the primary function of the pulp?
Formative- pulp cells form dentin
What is the formative function of the pulp?
Pulp cells form dentin
What is the nutritive function of the pulp?
Supply the tooth with blood
What is the sensory function of the pulp?
Nerve supply to tooth
What is the defensive function of the pulp?
Forms reparative dentin in response to mechanical, thermal, chemical & bacterial insults
The pulp chamber has a roof with projections called ____
pulp horns
Extends from floor of pulp chamber to apical foramen
Root/pulp canal
Where does the root/pulp canal extend from:
Floor of pulp chamber to apical foramen
Opening of the pulp canal locate at or near the root apex
Apical foramen
May be present; small branches of pulp canals branching off main canal
Accessory canals
How is the shape of the pulp canal determined?
By contour of crown
The shape of the pulp chamber follows the:
Size & number of cusps
What three things is the size of the pulp chamber affected by:
1- age
2- caries
3- trauma
The pulp chamber size decreases with:a
Age
The pulp chamber size is reduced with:
Caries
What may result in complete obliteration of the pulp space?
Trauma
Inflammatory condition altering gingival tissues
Gingivitis
What are the clinical changes evaluated as indicators of gingival health vs. disease?
1- redness
2- rolled margins
3- smooth & shiny surface texture
4- loss of resiliency
5- bleeding upon probing
Describe the progression of periodontitis:
Slow
Loss of attachment of underlying bone with increased pocket depths
Periodontitis
Periodontitis is typically a slowly progressive disease but may have times of _____ followed by periods of _____
Rapid attachment loss; periods of inactivity
What local factors are contributory to periodontitis?
1- restoration overhand
2- food impaction
3- open contacts
Apical migration of gingival tissue (with underlying bone loss) resulting in exposure of root surface
Gingival recession
Gingival margin is apical to ____ in gingival recession
Cementoenamel junction
In gingival recession, the papillae may be:
Blunted or rounded
Gingival recession may be a part of active ______ or previous _________ that is ______
Perio disease; previous disease that is now under control
Gingival recession should NOT be considered:
Part of aging
What conditions are contributory to gingival recession?
1- poorly aligned teeth
2- lack of attached gingiva
3- aggressive tooth brushing
The branching point on a multi-rooted tooth:
Furcation
In healthy individuals furcations cannot be probed because:
They are filled with bone & periodontal attachment
With advanced perio disease, attachment loss & bone loss may reach a furcation area resulting:
Furcation involvement
