Introduction To Dental Morphology Flashcards
The study of the forms of things
Morphology
The terms used to describe human dentition, the surfaces and identifying characteristics
Nomenclature
Teeth, gingiva, and associated bone
Dental arch
The upper arch including the associated teeth
Maxillary arch
The lower arch and associated teeth
Mandibular arch
Which portion of the jaw moves?
Mandible
Number of permanent teeth
32
What are these teeth referred to?
Incisors
What are these teeth referred to as?
Canines
What are these teeth referred to as?
Premolars
What are these teeth referred to as?
Molars
Notation system that describes the number and order of permanent teeth
Permanent dental formula
What is the permanent dental formula
Each arch is divided in half at the ___
Midline
Each half arch is a ____
Quadrant
Label each quadrant
Maxillary Right Quadrant Maxillary Left Quadrant
Mandibular Right Quadrant Mandibular Left Quadrant
Number of anterior teeth
12
Which teeth are included in the anterior teeth?
Incisors and canines
Number of posterior teeth
20
Which teeth comprise the posterior teeth?
Premolars and molars
Number of incisors
8
Number of canines
4
Number of premolars
8
Number of molars
12
Primary teeth are also called _____
Deciduous teeth
Number of deciduous teeth
20
How many deciduous teeth per arch?
10
Numbers of each tooth per arch in children
4 incisors
2 canines
4 molars
The notation system which described the number and order of primary teeth
Deciduous dental formula
Deciduous dental formula
What is the top arrow pointing to?
The crown
What is the bottom arrow pointing to?
The root
The crown of the tooth is covered in ____
Enamel
The root of the tooth is covered in ____
Cementum
The dense hydroxyapatite surface of the crown
Enamel
The inner hard layer of the crown and root
Dentin
The vascular innervated portion of the tooth
Pulp
The outer layer of the root surface
Cementum
Junction of enamel and dentin layers
Dentoenamel Junction (DEJ)
Junction of enamel and cementum layers
Cementoenamel junction (CEJ)
Junction of the anatomical crown crown and root
Cervical line
Label the DEJ and CEJ
The portion of the tooth that is visible in the mouth
Clinical crown
The crown above the CEJ
Anatomical crown
Outer most surface toward cheek or lips
Facial
Facial surface of the tooth may also be called
Buccal or labial
Inner most surface towards the tongue or palate
Lingual
Lingual surface may also be called
Palatal
Toward the midline
Mesial
Away from the midline
Distal
Label each side of the tooth highlighted in yellow
1- Mesial
2- Lingual
3- Distal
4- Facial
Biting edge of anterior teeth
Incisal
Biting or chewing surface of posterior teeth
Occlusal
What surface of the tooth is highlighted in blue?
Incisal
What portion of surface of the tooth is highlighted in orange?
Occlusal
Projection on a crown
Cusp
Depression or concavity between cusps or ridges
Fossa
What is the top blue arrow pointing to?
Cusp
What is the bottom blue arrow pointing to?
Fossa
Linear elevation on the surface of a tooth
Ridge
How are the ridges of a tooth named?
According to its location
Lingual crown projection on anterior teeth
Cingulum
Line between the primary parts of a crown or root
Groove
Pinpoint depression at the junction or termination of a groove
Pit
Primary center of development within a tooth
Lobe
What does the blue arrow point to?
Cingulum
What does the blue arrow point to?
Groove
What is the blue arrow pointing to?
Ridge
What is the blue arrow pointing to?
Pit
What is outlined in blue?
Lobe
Round projections of enamel on newly erupted teeth
Mamelon
Incisal remnant of incisor development
Mamelon
What is the blue arrow pointing to?
Mamelon
How many roots do teeth have?
Single or multiple
Where the root divides
Furcation
The opening in the root for entrance of the pulp
Root apex
Chamber containing dental pulp
Pulp chamber
Highest projection of pulp chamber within the crown
Pulp horn
Inner portion of the root containing the dental pulp
Pulp canal
What do the the labeled arrows represent?
A- Furcation
B- Root apex
What do the labeled arrows represent?
A- Pulp chamber
B- Pulp horn
C- Pulp canal
The tissues that surround the teeth
Periodontium
What is the periodontium comprised of?
- Gingiva
- Cementum
- Alveolar bone
- Periodontal ligament
Covers the bone and surrounds the cervical portions of the teeth
Gingiva
Gingiva can be further divided into
Free gingiva
Attached gingiva
Interdental papilla
Color of healthy gingiva
Pale pink
Gingival tissue that has loose attachment to the underlying bone
Alveolar mucosa
Color of healthy alveolar mucosa
Dark red
What do the following labels represent?
A- Alveolar mucosa
B- Attached gingiva
C- Free gingiva
D- Gingival margin
Junction of the alveolar mucosa and gingiva
Mucogingival junction
Gum tissue closer to the tooth crown, not attached to bone
Free gingiva
Separates attached gingiva from free gingiva
Free gingival groove
What do the following labels represent?
1- Free gingiva
2- Free gingival groove
3- Gingival margin
4- Attached gingiva
5- Alveolar mucosa
6- Mucogingival junction (MGJ)
Triangular shaped gingiva that occupies the gingival embrasure
Interdental papilla/Gingival papilla (GP)
What does the blue arrow point to?
Interdental papilla (gingival papilla or GP)
The part of the gum tissue that is not seen visually but can be evaluated with a periodontal probe
Gingival sulcus
Space between tooth surface and narrow cervical collar of free gingiva
Gingival sulcus
What does the blue arrow point to?
Gingival sulcus
Surrounds the tooth root and attaches tooth to alveolar bone
Periodontal ligament (PDL)
Forms and supports tooth sockets
Alveolar bone
Alveolar bone may also be referred to as
Alveolar process
What do the blue arrows point to?
A- Periodontal ligament (PDL)
B- Alveolar Bone
