Maxillary Premolars Flashcards
1
Q
Notation for maxillary right 1st premolar
A
5
2
Q
Notation for maxillary right 2nd premolar
A
4
3
Q
Notation for maxillary left 1st premolar
A
12
4
Q
Notation for maxillary left 2nd premolar
A
13
5
Q
Label the maxillary premolars
A
6
Q
The maxillary premolars are _____ teeth
A
Posterior
7
Q
How many maxillary premolars
A
4
8
Q
What surface do posterior teeth have that anterior teeth do not have?
A
Occlusal
9
Q
The maxillary premolars are made of how many cusps?
A
Two
10
Q
What are the two cusps of the maxillary premolars
A
Lingual cusp
Buccal cusp
11
Q
What cusp of the maxillary premolars is considered the functional cusp
A
Lingual cusp
12
Q
What cusp of the maxillary premolars is considered the nonfunctional cusp
A
Buccal cusp
13
Q
We should not refer to the maxillary premolars as:
A
Bicuspids
14
Q
Maxillary premolars are succedaneous teeth & replace the:
A
Deciduous molars
15
Q
Label the lingual & buccal cusp:
A
Top/wider portion= buccal cusp
Bottom/narrow portion= lingual cusp
16
Q
How many lobes do the maxillary premolars develop from?
A
Four
17
Q
Categorize the four lobes that the maxillary premolars develop from:
A
3 buccal lobes
1 lingual lobe
18
Q
What are the names of the three buccal lobes of the maxillary premolars:
A
Middle Buccal (MB)
Buccal (B)
Distobuccal (DB)
19
Q
What does the one lingual lobe of the maxillary premolar develop into?
A
Lingual cusp
20
Q
A demarcation between the buccal & lingual lobes of the maxillary premolar:
A
Central developmental groove
21
Q
What does this red line represent on the maxillary premolar:
A
Central developmental groove
22
Q
Label the following views of the maxillary first premolar:
A
1- Buccal
2- Mesial
3- Distal
4- Lingual
5- Occlusal
23
Q
First Premolar: Buccal View
This resembles what tooth:
A
Canine
24
Q
First Premolar: Buccal View
The outline is:
A
Roughly trapezoidal
25
First Premolar: Buccal View
The buccal cusp is comprised of what cusp arms
Mesial cusp arm
Distal cusp arm
26
First Premolar: Buccal View
On the buccal cusp which cusp arm is longer & straighter
Which cusp arm is shorter & more curved
Mesial
Distal
27
First Premolar: Buccal View
Describe the mesial cusp arm of the buccal cusp:
Mesial cusp arm= longer & straighter than distal cusp arm
28
First Premolar: Buccal View
Describe the distal cusp arm:
Distal cusp arm= shorter & more curved than the mesial cusp arm
29
First Premolar: Buccal View
The buccal height of contour is in the:
Cervical 1/3 of crown
30
First Premolar: Buccal View
The mesial contact is located in:
Middle 1/3
31
First Premolar: Buccal View
What lays just below the mesial contact:
Mesial concavitu
32
First Premolar: Buccal View
A mesial concavity is located:
Just below the mesial contact
33
First Premolar: Buccal View
The distal contact is located:
In the middle 1/3
34
First Premolar: Buccal View
Describe the differences between the mesial & distal contacts
Both located in middle 1/3- but distal contact is broader & more cervical
35
First Premolar: Buccal View
The distal aspect is generally more:
Convex
36
First Premolar: Buccal View
The middle buccal lobe has a _____ & associated _____
Prominent buccal ridge
Developmental depressions
37
First Premolar: Buccal View
What lobes are less developed
Mesial & distal lobes
38
First Premolar: Buccal View
The less developed mesial & distal lobes results in:
Mesial & distal line angles
39
First Premolar: Lingual View
The crown tapers:
Lingually
40
First Premolar: Lingual View
The lingual part is more _____ than the buccal
Narrow
41
First Premolar: Lingual View
The lingual aspect of the crown can be described as:
Smoothly convex
42
First Premolar: Lingual View
The lingual cusp is _______ & more _____ than the buccal cusp
1 mm shorter
More pointed
43
First Premolar: Lingual View
What is visible from this view
The buccal cusp
44
What view does the following image show?
Lingual view
45
Label the mesial & distal sides from this lingual view:
Mesial——————-Distal
46
First Premolar: Lingual View
The lingual cusp is located:
Mesially
47
First Premolar: Lingual View
Because the lingual cusp is located mesially, this means that which cusp arm is shorter?
Mesial
48
First Premolar: Lingual View
The mesiolingual cusp arm (ML) is ______ than the distolingual cusp arm (DL)
Shorter
49
In a maxillary first premolar- From a lingual view, the mesiolingual cusp arm (ML) is shorter than the distolingual cusp arm (DL)- why is this of importance?
Because this is opposite of the buccal cusp
50
Label which is the lingual & buccal view in the maxillary first premolar
Left- Buccal
Right- Lingual
51
Describe the cusp arm lengths in the lingual & buccal views of the maxillary first premolar:
Lingual view- Mesiolingual cusp arm is SHORTER than the distolingual cusp arm
Buccal view- Mesiolingual cusp arm is LONGER than the distolingual cusp arm
52
First Premolar: Mesial View
What is the shape of the outline
Trapezoidal
53
First Premolar: Mesial View
How many cusps are visible from the mesial view?
Two
54
First Premolar: Mesial View
What two cusps are visible from the mesial view?
Buccal & lingual
55
First Premolar: Mesial View
Which cusp is taller? (Buccal or Lingual)
Buccal
56
First Premolar: Mesial View
The buccal height of contour is:
In cervical 1/3
57
First Premolar: Mesial View
The lingual height of contour is:
In middle 1/3
58
First Premolar: Mesial View
From the mesial view, what depression can be seen?
Mesial developmental depression/concavity
59
First Premolar: Mesial View
Why is it of significance that the mesial developmental depression can be viewed from the mesial aspect of the maxillary first premolar
Maxillary second premolars do not have this
60
What view are we looking at the maxillary 1st premolar from:
Mesial view
61
What is a defining trait of a maxillary first premolar?
Mesial developmental depression
62
First Premolar: Mesial View
Describe the location of the mesial contact area:
Middle 1/3 & offset buccally
63
Name the orange & red anatomical features of the maxillary first premolar:
Orange- Mesial contact
Red- Mesial marginal ridge developmental groove
64
Label which side is facial & which side is lingual in this view of a maxillary 1st premolar:
Facial - left side of image
Lingual- right side of image
65
First Premolar: Mesial View
50-60% have ____ roots
Around 50% have _____ roots
2; 1
66
First Premolar: Mesial View
Describe the root trunk:
Long root trunk (1/2-2/3) length of root
67
Maxillary first Premolar: Mesial View
The root trunk extends from _____ to where ____
CEJ ; Furcation occurs
68
The bifurcated portion of the root is typically about _____ of its length
1/3
69
Maxillary first Premolar: Distal View
List the differences of the distal view compared to the mesial view:
Absence of:
1- mesial concavity
2- mesial developmental depression
3- marginal ridge developmental groove
70
Maxillary first Premolar: Distal View
When compared to the mesial aspect, the distal curvature of the cervical line is:
Less
71
Maxillary first Premolar: Distal View
The distal contact area is in the:
Middle 1/3
72
Maxillary first Premolar: Distal View
Describe the distal contact area:
Middle 1/3
Offset buccally
Broader contact
Located more cervical (when compared to mesial)
73
What view does the following image of the maxillary first premolar represent?
Distal view
74
Maxillary first Premolar: Occlusal View
What shape does the occlusal outline take on?
Hexagonal
75
Maxillary first Premolar: Occlusal View
_____ dimension is greater than the _____ dimension
BL; MD
76
Maxillary first Premolar: Occlusal View
The crown is wider on the ______ than on the ______
Buccal; lingual
77
Maxillary first Premolar: Occlusal View
What cusps can be seen from this view?
Buccal & lingual
78
Maxillary first Premolar: Occlusal View
From this view we can see that each cusp is composed of:
Four ridges
79
Label each side of the maxillary first premolar from this occlusal view:
Top- facial
Bottom- lingual
Left- distal
Right- mesial
80
From an occlusal view of the maxillary first premolar what side is longer? (Mesial or distal)
Mesial
81
From an occlusal view of the maxillary first premolar what aspect is longer? (FL or MD)
FL
82
Label the following surface anatomy that can be seen from the occlusal aspect of the maxillary first premolar:
A- buccal ridge
B- mesial cusp arm
C- cusp tip
D- lingual triangular ridge
E- buccal triangular ridge
F- distal cusp arm
83
Label each facial, lingual, distal, mesial from the occlusal view of the maxillary first premolar
A- facial
B- mesial
C- lingual
D- distal
84
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
The mesiobuccal cusp ridge is _____ than the distobuccal cusp ridge
Longer
85
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
_____ cusp ridge is longer than the _____ cusp ridge
Mesiobuccal; distobuccal
86
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
Compare the mesiobuccal & distobuccal cusp ridges:
Mesiobuccal cusp ridge = longer
87
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
The mesiolingual cusp ridge is ____ than the distolingual cusp ridge
Shorter
88
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
The _____ cusp ridge is shorter than the _____ cusp ridge
Mesiolingual
Distolingual
89
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
What triangular ridges are present?
Buccal & lingual
90
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
Compare the lingual triangular ridge to the buccal triangular ridge:
Lingual triangular ridge is less prominent
Is angled
Is not straight
91
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
Prominent elevation, triangular in cross-section, which extend from the tip of a cusp toward the central portion of the occlusal surface of a tooth
Triangular ridge
92
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
What surface anatomy is present from this view (3):
1- mesial & distal marginal ridges
2- central developmental groove
3- mesial marginal ridge developmental groove
93
Label the anatomy of the first maxillary premolar: occlusal view-
Label a, b, c
A- distal marginal ridge
B- central developmental groove
C- mesial marginal ridge developmental groove
94
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
Label 1-4
1- distal
2- lingual
3- mesial
4- buccal
95
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
What supplemental grooves are present?
Mesiobuccal & distobuccal supplemental grooves
96
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
What developmental pits are present?
Mesial & distal developmental pits
97
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
What triangular fossa are present?
Mesial & distal triangular fossa
98
First maxillary premolar: occlusal view
Label the anatomy of the tooth in the provided image-
A- distobuccal supplemental groove
B- mesiobuccal supplemental groove
C- distal marginal ridge
D- mesial triangular fossa
E- distal triangular fossa
F- distal developmental pit
G- mesial developmental pit
99
How many roots are present in the Maxillary first premolar? (50-60% of the time)
Two separate roots
100
What two roots are present in the Maxillary first premolar 50-60% of the time
Buccal & lingual
101
On the Maxillary first premolar, from the buccal the root resembles the root of the:
Canine
102
From a facial view how many roots are visible in the maxillary first premolar?
Only single root visible
103
From a lingual view of the maxillary first premolar how many roots are visible?
Only a single root is visible
104
From a mesial view of the maxillary first premolar, how many roots are visible?
Two
105
From a distal view of a maxillary first premolar, how many roots are visible?
Two
106
What anatomical feature is obvious when looking at a cross-section of the maxillary first premolar’s roots?
The mesial developmental depression
107
The root of the maxillary first premolar is broad ______ & narrow ______
Broad- BL
Narrow- MD
108
The trunk of root of the maxillary first premolar is:
1/2-2/3 the length of the root
109
Label the sides of the root images of the maxillary first premolar:
Top- lingual
Bottom- Buccal
Left- mesial
Right- distal
110
This image is a maxillary first premolar from what view:
Facial or lingual apsect
111
This is an image of a maxillary first premolar from what view:
Mesial or distal aspect
112
On the maxillary first premolar from a BL section we can see:
Two pulp horns & two pulp canals
113
On a maxillary first premolar from a BL section we can see that the _____ is larger of the two pulp horns as well as in the two pulp canals
Buccal
114
The MD section of a maxillary first premolar’s root resembles:
The canine
115
On a maxillary first premolar, the transverse cross section displays what shape:
Kidney shape
116
What is being highlighted on the following image of a maxillary first premolar?
A- buccal ridge
117
What view of the maxillary first premolar is being shown in the following image:
Buccal aspect
118
What view of the maxillary first premolar is being shown in the following image:
Lingual aspect
119
What view of the maxillary first premolar is being shown in the following image:
Occlusal
120
What view of the maxillary first premolar is being shown in the following image:
Mesial aspect
121
What view of the maxillary first premolar is being shown in the following image:
Distal view
122
What is the defining characteristic on the mesial aspect of a maxillary first premolar?
Mesial marginal ridge developmental groove
123
The maxillary 2nd premolar resembles what tooth?
Maxillary 1st premolar
124
The maxillary 2nd premolar is ______ compared to the maxillary first premolar
Smaller
125
The maxillary 2nd premolar is more _____ & less _____ than the maxillary first premolar
Rounded
Angular
126
How many roots are present in a maxillary 2nd premolar?
Single
127
The maxillary 2nd premolar exhibits more _____ compared to a maxillary 1st premolar
Shape variations
128
List four notable differences when comparing the maxillary 2nd premolar to the maxillary 1st premolar:
1- smaller
2- more rounded, less angular
3- single rooted
4- more shape variations
129
Label the views of the maxillary 2nd premolar:
Top left- buccal
Top right- lingual
Middle- occlusal
Bottom left- mesial
Bottom right- distal
130
The maxillary 2nd premolar: buccal view
Is similar to the:
Maxillary 1st premolar
131
The maxillary 2nd premolar: buccal view
Is similar to the maxillary 1st premolar but the _____ & _____ line angles are _____ prominent
MB
DB
Less
132
The maxillary 2nd premolar: buccal view
What cusp ridge is not as obvious when compared to the maxillary 1st premolar?
Buccal cusp ridge
133
The maxillary 2nd premolar: buccal view
The _________ are not as well developed in comparison to the maxillary 1st premolar
Buccal developmental depressions
134
The maxillary 2nd premolar: buccal view
The mesiobuccal cusp ridge is ______ than the distobuccal cusp ridge
Shorter
135
The maxillary 2nd premolar: buccal view
Describe the mesiobuccal & distobuccal cusp ridges
Mesiobuccal cusp ridge is shorter than the distobuccal cusp ridge
136
The maxillary 2nd premolar: buccal view
When compared to the maxillary 1st premolar the buccal cusp of the maxillary 2nd premolar is:
Not as long
137
The maxillary 2nd premolar: lingual view
The lingual cusp is _____ than the lingual cusp in the maxillary 1st premolar
Longer
138
The maxillary 2nd premolar: lingual view
Because the linger cusp is longer than the lingual cusp of the maxillary 1st premolar & since the buccal cusp of the maxillary 2nd premolar is shorter than the buccal cusp of the maxillary 1st premolar, there will be _______ of the buccal profile from the lingual aspect
Less visibility
139
The maxillary 2nd premolar: mesial view
The buccal & lingual cusps are ______ but ______ compared to the maxillary first premolar
Approximately equal; shorter
140
The maxillary 2nd premolar: mesial view
Describe the mesial contact-
Middle 1/3
Slightly offset to the buccal
141
The maxillary 2nd premolar: mesial view
Describe the mesial marginal ridge developmental groove:
Not present (the mesial marginal ridge is therefore a defining characteristic of the maxillary first premolar)
142
The maxillary 2nd premolar: mesial view
Describe the mesial developmental depression:
Not present
143
The maxillary 2nd premolar: mesial view
Describe two major differences distinguishing the maxillary 1st premolar from the maxillary 2nd premolar
1- Mesial marginal ridge developmental groove present on maxillary 1st but NOT second premolar
2- Mesial developmental depression present on maxillary 1st premolar but NOT second premolar
144
The maxillary 2nd premolar: mesial view
Describe the root
Single tapered root
145
The maxillary 2nd premolar: distal view
This view is similar to the ______ view
Mesial
146
The maxillary 2nd premolar: distal view
Describe the distal contact-
Middle 1/3
Offset to the buccal
147
The maxillary 2nd premolar: occlusal view
What shape does the outline of this view take on?
Round or oval
148
The maxillary 2nd premolar: occlusal view
The MB & DB line angles are ______ compared to the maxillary 1st premolar
More rounded
149
The maxillary 2nd premolar: occlusal view
Compared to the maxillary 1st premolar - describe the lingual convergence
Less lingual convergence
150
The maxillary 2nd premolar: occlusal view
The central developmental groove is _____ compared to the maxillary first premolar
Shorter
151
The maxillary 2nd premolar: occlusal view
Because the central developmental groove is shorter in the maxillary second premolar (compared to the maxillary 1st premolar), the mesial & distal marginal ridges are:
Wider
152
The maxillary 2nd premolar: occlusal view
From this view we see numerous ________ causing a ______ appearance
Supplemental grooves
Wrinkled
153
The maxillary 2nd premolar: root
Describe the root
Single tapered root
154
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
What percent of individuals have two canals?
50%
155
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
Describe the maxillary second premolar root length in comparison to the maxillary first premolar root length
Root length is same
156
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
The root is broad ______ & narrow ______
BL; MD
157
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
The root is _____ buccolingually & _____ mesiodistally
Broad; narrow
158
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
Describe the developmental depressions
None present
159
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
Describe the shape of a transverse section:
Oval/round
160
Label these sections of the maxillary 2nd premolar root:
1- MD section
2- FL sections
3- Transverse section
161
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
In a BL section how many pulp horns are present?
Two
162
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
The two pulp horns present in a buccolingual section are the:
Same height
163
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
In 50% of individuals how pulp canals are present?
Two
164
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
The MD section of the maxillary 2nd premolar compared to the maxillary 1st premolar is:
The same
165
The maxillary 2nd premolar: Root
Describe the transverse section of the root and pulp canal:
Oval shaped (due to lack of developmental depression)
166
For the maxillary second premolar, the heights of contour include:
1- mesial:
2- distal:
3- buccal:
4- lingual:
1- middle 1/3
2- middle 1/3
3- cervical 1/3
4- middle 1/3
167
While the maxillary 1st & 2nd premolars have approximately the same dimensions, the ______ is larger overall:
Maxillary 1st premolar
