Pulmonology Vocabulary Flashcards
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Acute respiratory failure in adults characterized by tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, tachycardia, and hypoxia
asphyxia, asphyxiation
Lack of oxygen that can lead to unconsciousness and death if not corrected immediately;
aspirate
Inhaling fluid or foreign object into airways
asthma
Disease caused by various conditions, such as allergies, and resulting in bronchospasm, excessive mucus production, inflammation, airway constriction, wheezing, and coughing.
bronchogenic carcinoma
Malignant lung tumor that originates in bronchi; often associated with a history of cigarette smoking
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Combination of external compressions on sternum and mouth to mouth breathing to maintain blood flow and air movement in and out of lungs during cardiac and respiratory arrest.
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Progressive, chronic, and usually irreversible condition in which air flow to and from lungs is decreased;
croup
Acute viral infection in infants and children;
cystic fibrosis (CF)
Genetic condition that causes patient to produce very thick mucus resulting in severe congestion within lungs and digestive system
emphysema
Pulmonary condition resulting from destruction of alveolar walls leading to overinflated alveoli;
endotracheal (ET) intubation
Placing tube through mouth and into trachea to maintain open airway and facilitate artificial ventilation
hyperventilation
To breath too quickly (tachypnea) and too deeply (hyperpnea)
hypoventilation
To breath too slowly (bradypnea) and too shallowly (hypopnea)
hypoxia
Having insufficient amount of oxygen in body
influenza (flu)
Acute viral infection of airways; usually highly contagious;
phelgm
Thick mucus secreted by mucous membranes lining respiratory tract; phlegm is coughed through mouth is called sputum
pleural effusion
Abnormal presence of fluid or gas in pleural cavity;
pleurisy
Inflammation of pleura
pneumonia
Acute inflammatory condition of lung, which can be caused by bacterial and viral infections, diseases, and chemicals;
pneumothorax
Collection of air or gas in pleural cavity, which can result in collapse of lung
pulmonary edema
Condition in which lung tissue retains excessive amount of fluid
pulmonary embolism (PE)
Blood clot or air bubble in pulmonary artery or one of its branches;
purulent
Containing pus, as in purulent sputum
respiratory rate (RR)
Number of breaths per minute;
