Pulmonology

Question 1

Common cause of wheezing in children younger than age 2 yrs?

Answer 1

RSV

Question 2

Rule of thumb of when to intubate:

Answer 2

PaCO2 > 50

Pa02

Question 3

If you have a solitary pulmonary nodule on chest XR what do you do first?

Answer 3

Compare current film to an older one

Question 4

Solitary pulmonary nodule + immigrant

Answer 4

Think TB, do skin test

Question 5

Solitary pulmonary nodule + Southwest (Texas, Arizona)

Answer 5

Think Coccidiodies

Question 6

Solitary pulmonary nodule + cave explorer being pooped on in Midwest

Answer 6

Think Histoplasmosis

Question 7

Solitary pulmonary nodule +

Answer 7

Think Hamartoma

Question 8

Most common cause of postoperative fever in first 24hrs?

Answer 8

Atelectasis

Question 9

Pneumonia in college student, dx?

Answer 9

Mycoplasma: look for cold agglutinins

Question 10

Pneumonia in alcoholic, dx?

Answer 10

Klebsiella: currant jelly sputum
Staph aureus
Enteric bugs 2/2 aspiration

Question 11

Pneumonia in CF, dx?

Answer 11

Pseudomonas sp. or Staph aureus

Question 12

Pneumonia in immigrant, dx?

Answer 12

TB

Question 13

Pneumonia in COPD, dx?

Answer 13

H influenzae, Moraxella

Question 14

Pneumonia in TB pt w/ cavitary lesion, dx?

Answer 14

Aspergillus sp.

Question 15

Pneumonia with silicosis, dx?

Answer 15

TB patient who works in metal, granite, pottery workers; affects the upper lobes

Question 16

Pneumonia in pt who works in roof insulation, dx?

Answer 16

Asbestosis; affects the lower lung lobes

Question 17

Pneumonia after exposure to air conditioner or aerosolized air, dx?

Answer 17

Legionella sp.

Question 18

Pneumonia in HIV/AIDs pt, dx?

Answer 18

Pneumocystis jiroveci or CMV

Question 19

Pneumonia in pt exposed to bird droppings, dx?

Answer 19

Chlamydia psittaci or histoplasmosis

Question 20

Pneumonia in children 2-5, dx?

Answer 20

Parainfluenza (croup)

Question 21

Cause of infant respiratory distress syndrome?

Answer 21

Deficiency in surfactant in premature infants and infants of diabetic mothers

Question 22

Tests used to assess fetal lung maturity?

Answer 22

Lecithin : Sphingomyelin ratio 2:1

Phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluis

Question 23

Scaphoid abdomen with bowel sounds in chest

Answer 23

Diaphragmatic hernia

Question 24

Obstructive azoospermia + absence of vas deferens

Answer 24

Cystic Fibrosis and reasons for infertility

Question 25

Pleural effusion with low glucose, high protein content?

Answer 25

Most likely secondary to infection, empyema?

Question 26

Pleural effusion with amylase + widened mediastinum after harsh vomiting?

Answer 26

Boerhaave syndrome, esophageal rupture

Question 27

Pleural effusion with amylase

Answer 27

Pancreatitis

Question 28

Second-hand smoke and cancer

Answer 28

Second hand smoke has been proven to be a risk factor for lung cancer and other lung diseases

Question 29

Buerger disease

Answer 29

Vasculitis in young male smokers that causes Raynaud sxs, which can be reduced with smoking cessation

Question 30

Best way to decrease risk of postoperative pulmonary complications?

Answer 30

Cessation of smoking at least 8 weeks before surgery