Pulmonology (3%)

Question 1

Most common cause of cancer death in the world

Answer 1

Lung carcinoma

Question 2

90% of lung cancer cases are associated with:

Answer 2

Smoking

Question 3

25% of lung cancer is __________, and 75% is _____________

Answer 3

Small-cell

Non-small cell

Question 4

Most common type of non-small cell lung cancer, and second most common

Answer 4

Adenocarcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 5

Screening for lung cancer

Answer 5

1. > 55 y/o
2. 30 pack year smoker
3. Must have smoked in last 15 years
   Screen annually w/ low-dose chest CT
   Stop screening at 80 or if stopped smoking in 15 yeasr

Question 6

Signs/symptoms of lung cancer

Answer 6

Persistent cough
Hemoptysis
Weight loss

Question 7

Diagnosis of lung cancer

Answer 7

1. CXR
2. Chest CT
3. Biopsy

Question 8

Very type of lung cancer, where majority will have metastasis at time of diagnosis

Answer 8

Small-cell carcinoma

Question 9

Small cell carcinoma is associated with what diseases? (3)

Answer 9

SIADH
Cushing’s syndrome
Lambert Eaton’s Syndrome

Question 10

Pleural effusion fluid is classified as _________ or ____________

Answer 10

Exudative or Transudative

Question 11

Exudative fluid in pleural effusion occurs from:

Answer 11

Local irritation of the lungs
Pneumonia
Pulmonary embolism
Malignancy

Question 12

Transudative fluid in pleural effusion occurs from:

Answer 12

Systemic disease
Cirrhosis
CHF
Hypoalbuminemia

Question 13

Signs/Symptoms of pleural effusion

Answer 13

Dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and/or cough

Decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion

Question 14

Diagnosis of pleural effusion

Answer 14

1. CXR - blunting of costophrenic angles
2. Pleural ultrasound
3. Chest CT

Question 15

Treatment for pleural effusion

Answer 15

Thoracentesis

Correct underlying condition

Question 16

Risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 16

Family history
Smoking
Males

Question 17

Diagnosis of pneumothorax

Answer 17

CXR

Question 18

Treatment for small stable spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 18

Oxygen and observation

If resolved after 6 hours on CXR may go home

Question 19

Treatment for large stable spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 19

Pleural aspiration, possible chest tube

Question 20

Treatment for unstable spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 20

Chest tube

Question 21

Diagnosis of postoperative pneumonia

Answer 21

CXR
Egophony
Sputum culture

Question 22

Management of postoperative pneumonia

Answer 22

Empiric antibiotics until sputum culture ready

Question 23

Common organisms for postoperative pneumonia

Answer 23

S. pneumo and H. flu