Cardiovascular (9%) Flashcards
Leriche’s Syndrome
Seen with claudication Aortic bifurcation/common iliac involvement 1. Claudication (buttock, thigh pain) 2. Impotence 3. Decreased femoral pulses
In order to be considered aneurysmal, an AAA must be at least > ________
3 cm
Risk Factors for AAA
Atherosclerosis (MC)
Age > 60 y/o
Smoking
Males, Caucasians
Classic presentation of AAA (when not asymptomatic):
Older male > 60 y/o Severe back or abdominal pain Presents with hypotension/syncope Tender, pulsatile abd mass May complain of unilateral groin/hip pain
Diagnosis of AAA
- Abdominal Ultrasound - initial test of choice
- CT Scan - especially for thoracic aneurysm
- Angiography - gold standard
- MRI/MRA
- Abdominal radiograph
Management of an AAA >5.5 cm
Immediate surgical repair even if asymptomatic
Management of an AAA with expansion of > 0.5 cm in 6 months
Immediate surgical repair even if asymptomatic
Management of AAA > 4.5 cm
Vascular surgeon referral
Management of AAA 4-4.5 cm
Monitor by US every 6 months
Management of AAA 3-4 cm
Monitor by US every year
Medicational management of AAA
Beta blockers
Also decrease risk factors
65% of aortic dissections are ________
Ascending
__________ aortic dissections are associated with a high mortality
Ascending
Most important risk factor for aortic dissection
HTN
Risk factors for aortic dissection
HTN Marfan Syndrome Age 50+ Men Cocaine use