Pulmonary Meds Flashcards
What are bronchioles composed of?
Smooth muscle and Elastic fibers
Parasympathetic innervation via the vagus nerves maintains what in the bronchioles?
Slight Constriction
The bronchioles are innervated by what?
Parasympathetic and Sympathetic nervous systems
What do anticholinergics do to smooth muscle?
They inhibit the action of Ach on smooth muscle, which reduces bronchospasm
What does an increased level of cyclic AMP result in?
Relaxation of smooth muscle
What 3 things to Beta 2 agonists do when they stimulate the sympathetic nerve receptors in bronchial smooth muscle?
Reduce Bronchospasm
Decrease glandular secretion
Increase vasoconstriction (to decrease edema)
What do PDE inhibitors do to promote bronchodilation?
They decrease the rate of cAMP degradation
Exercise induced asthma is best medicated with what drug?
Albuterol
What is the combo inhaled glucocorticoid and LABA that is used for bronchodilation and long term control of asthma?
Advair - Fluticasone and Salmeterol
What is the combo inhaled anticholinergic and SABA that is used for COPD patients who need 2 bronchodilators?
Combivent - Ipratropium and Albuterol
What is the combo inhaled long term anticholinergic and LABA that is used for patients for patients with COPD ?
Anoro Ellipta - Umeclidinium and Vilanterol
What is the combo inhaled corticosteroid and LABA used for patients who need maintenance of bronchodilation in asthma and COPD ?
Symbicort - Budesomide and Formoterol
What are the inhaled glucocorticoid?
Fluticasone
What is the MOA of fluticasone?
Decrease smooth muscle irritability; anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative
What are the indications of fluticasone
Asthma (primarily)
COPD
What are some contraindications of fluticasone that should be considered?
Latent TB
Glaucoma
Cataracts
What is the oral corticosteroid?
Prednisone
What are the contraindications of Prednisone
TB
Glaucoma
Cataracts
What is the mast cell stabilizer?
Cromolyn
How does cromolyn work?
It decreases smooth muscle irritability, stabilizes mast cell membrane to prevent degranulation and release of leukotrienes
