Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y1 Respiratory > Pulmonary Function Tests > Flashcards

Pulmonary Function Tests Flashcards

1
Q

Exhaled breath nitric oxide is a useful measure of…

A

eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In what condition would the following changes occur in spirometry?

a. decrease FVC
b. decrease FEV1
c. increase RV

A

COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Methacholine/Histamine/Mannitol are examples of…

A

an indirect inflammatory challenge

markers of airway hyper-responsiveness with a concentration to cause a decrease of 20% FEV1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In what conditions would the RV increase?

A

FVC reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what levels of exhaled Nitric oxide reflect uncontrolled asthmatic inflammation?

A

>35ppb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The total lung capacity is decreased in emphysema - true or false?

A

false

emphysema causes difficulting in getting air out and thus results in hyperinflation and an increased TLC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Examples of effort dependent tests (2)

How are they carried out?

A

FEV

Flow rates

Carried out using spirometry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A change in which value will occur in asthma?

FVC

FEV1

Residual Volume

A

FEV1

The FVC will remain the same as the total capacity is possible but takes longer. The residual volume remains the same unless there is chronic poor-control and thus airway remodelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When spirometry is normal, FEV1/FVC should be <75% - true or false?

A

False

They should be greater than 75%.

Asthmatics may also produce this if they have good lung volume, good control and have been involved in activities that focus on diaphragmatic breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What changes in the following parameters in spirometry would be expected in a patient with COPD

a. FVC
b. FEV1
c. Residual Volume

A

a. there should be a decrease in FVC
b. There would be a decrease in FEV1
c. The residual volume would increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Forced Expiratory Ratio

A

FEV1/FVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the expected values of…

PEFR

FEV1

FVC

FEV1/FVC Ratio

FEV1 repsonse to ß2 agonists

…in obstructive disease?

A

PEFR - decreased

FEV1 - decreased

FVC - Normal in Asthma

Decreased in COPD

FEV1/FVC ratio - <75%

Response to b2 agonist - >15% asthma

<15% in COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why does the FEV1 initially go up in exercise?

A

Due to the release of adrenaline.

Asthmatics then get bronchoconstriction as there is a rebound reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe Total Lung Transfer for CO

A

CO diffusion across alveolar-capillary barrier - aka single breath diffusing capacity

Acts as a soluble gas marker with a high binding affinity for haemoglobin

It is corrected for Alveolar Volume (KCO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A

https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/201/511/170/q_image_thumb.png?1479761356

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is total lung transfer for CO corrected for?

A

Alveolar Volume

17
Q

What are the most common types of pulmonary function tests?

A

Effort dependent tests

18
Q

Which condition exhibits pressure dependent expiratory airway closure?

A

emphysema

19
Q

Forced Expiratory Manoeuvre (TLC to RV)

FEV1

FVC

FER

RVC (relaxed vital capacity)

are all examples of…

A

Dynamic Lung Volumes

20
Q

Dynamic Lung Volumes (5)

A

Forced Expiratory Manoeuvre (TLC to RV)

FEV1

FVC

FER

RVC (relaxed vital capacity)

21
Q

What are the potential methods of Bronchial Challenge Testing ?(3)

A
  1. Exercise
  2. Methacholine/Histamine/Mannitol
  3. Allergens/Chemicals
22
Q

FEV1/FVC

A

Forced Expiratory Ratio

23
Q

Where is impulse oscillometry useful?

A

In patients (i.e. kids) where it is easier to breathe at tidal volume rather than forced expiratory manoeuvre

24
Q

Test for measuring static lung volumes

A

Effort Independent Tests

Helium Dilution Test

Gas trapping in COPD

25
Q

What are the 3 types of pulmonary function tests that can be carried out?

A
  1. Effort dependent tests
  2. Effort independent tests
  3. Gas diffusion tests
26
Q

Which conditions exhibit volume dependent expiratory airway closure?

A

asthma

chronic bronchitis

27
Q

In what conditions is Total Lung Transfer for CO reduced? (6)

Why?

A

Anemia

Emphysema

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pulmonary Oedema

Pulmonary Embolis

Bronchiectasis

Because diffusion is reduced in these conditions

28
Q

How is airway resistance measured?

A

Whole body plethysmography

Impulse oscillometry

29
Q

What are the expected values of…

PEFR

FEV1

FVC

FEV1/FVC Ratio

FEV1 repsonse to ß2 agonists

…in restrictive disease

A

PEFR - Normal

FEV1 - decreased

FVC - decreased

FEV1/FVC Ratio - >75%

FEV1 repsonse to ß2 agonists - No response

Y1 Respiratory (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions