Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dental Mgmt of Medically Compromised Pts > Pulmonary Disease > Flashcards

Pulmonary Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic inflammatory airway disorder
•Airway hyper-responsiveness to stimuli
•Bronchial edema
•Narrowing of the airways i.e., obstruction

A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q 
Signs and Symptoms of \_\_\_\_\_:
Recurrent, reversible episodes of: 
•Dyspnea (shortness of breath)
•Wheezing 
•Coughing
•Tightness of chest
A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q 
Which of the following is a “true” 
asthma symptom?
•Dyspnea (shortness of breath)
•Wheezing 
•Coughing
•Tightness of chest
A

•Tightness of chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What stage of asthma should not be treated for routine dental care?

A

Uncontrolled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

____ type of asthma
•Most common
•Children and young adults
•Typical positive family history
•Triggered by allergens (pollen, dust, house
mites, animal dander, mold etc.)
•Exaggerated inflammatory response Allergen →T Helper Lymphocyte Type 2 (Th2) →antibody production of high levels of IgE →activation of mast
cells, basophils and eosinophils → bradykinin, histamine, leukotrienes → bronchoconstriction

A
  1. Extrinsic (allergic or atopic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

____ type of asthma
•Unknown pathogenesis
•Children and young adults
•Triggered by exercise and thermal changes
•Cold air irritates mucosa resulting in airway
hyperactivity

A
  1. Exercise-induced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

____ type of asthma

•Second most common
•Middle-aged individuals
•Triggered by respiratory irritants (tobacco, air
pollution, emotional stress, gastroesophageal reflux
disease (GERD)
•Infrequently associated with family history
•Normal IgE levels

A

Intrinsic (idiosyncratic, nonallergic, nonatopic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

____ type of asthma

•Subset of intrinsic
•Affects children, young adults & middle-aged adults
•Common antigens
➢NSAIDs, ASA (acetyl salicylic acid)
➢β-blockers
➢ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors
➢Anticholinergic drugs (?)
➢Food dye
➢Metabisulfites in food and in local anesthetics with
epinephrine

A
  1. Drug-induced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
Oral signs of \_\_\_\_\_:
•Mouth breather (high palatal vault, overjet, 
crossbite, greater facial height)
•Dry mouth 
•Candida
•Enamel defects and caries
•Gingivitis/periodontitis
•Enamel erosion possible with GERD
A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

_______ Asthma
• Dental treatment should be limited to urgent care
only
• Treatment of acute pain, bleeding, or infection

A

Unstable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

______ Asthma
• Any indicated dental treatment may be provided if
management protocols are considered
• Consult with physician for severe persistent
asthma

A

Stable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What 2 drugs are mentioned that trigger asthma?

A

ASA and NSAIDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What 2 drugs are mentioned that cause respiratory depression causing issues with asthma?

A

Opioids and barbituates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_______ in epinephrine preparation of local anesthetics should be avoided in asthmatic pts

A

Sulfites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

________
➢Potent inhibition of CYP3A4
➢Increases levels of theophylline
➢Toxicity (arrhythmia and seizures)

A

Theophylline and macrolides or ciprofloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

______
➢Effect promotes bronchoconstriction
➢Sialogogues are contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled
asthma

A

Cholinergic agonists

17
Q

Can you use/ should use nitrous for asthmatic pts?

A

Yes

18
Q

Can you used nitrous for COPD pts?

A

No

19
Q

What are the 2 types of COPD?

A

Bronchitis

Emphysema

20
Q

Which type of COPD is more of a long term issue that is created by prolonged COPD complications

A

Emphysema

21
Q

3rd leading cause of death in USA
Characteristics
Corticosteroid-resistant progressive chronic inflammatory
disease
• Poorly reversible/irreversible airway obstruction
• Entrapment of air and dyspnea upon exertion

A

COPD

22
Q

• Excessive tracheobronchial mucus production to cause
coughing and sputum production for >3 months for >2
consecutive years in the absence of infection or other causes
of chronic cough

A

Bronchitis

23
Q

• Longterm Chronic obstructive bronchiolitis leads to destruction
of lung parenchyma and alveolar walls
• Decreased elastic recoil
• Difficulty in maintaining airway opening during expiration

A

Emphysema

24
Q

Signs and symptoms of ______:
• Dyspnea
• Cough
• Sputum

A

COPD

25
Q 
The following are associated with \_\_\_\_\_:
Exacerbations
Triggered by viral or bacterial infections 
• Haemophilus influenza
• Moraxella catarrhalis
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
Complications
• Pulmonary hypertension 
• Cor pulmonale (R-sided heart enlargement)
• Thoracic bullae
• Nocturnal hypoxia 
Comorbidities
• Hypertension
• Ischemic heart disease
• Heart failure 
• MI
• Muscle wasting
• Osteoporosis
A

COPD

26
Q

Tx of _____:
• Inhaled long-acting bronchodilators
• Corticosteroids if asthma also present and/or more reversible
obstruction
• Smoking cessation is only intervention that actually reduces
disease progression

A

COPD

27
Q 
Oral manifestations of \_\_\_\_\_\_:
• Dry mouth 
• Steven-Johnson syndrome
with theophylline
Exacerbates Smoking Side
Effects of:
• Halitosis 
• Tooth staining 
• Nicotine stomatitis 
• Periodontal disease 
• Oral potentially malignant disorders 
• Leukoplakia
• Erythroplakia
• Oral squamous cell carcinoma
A

COPD

28
Q

T/F: • Erythromycin, macrolide antibiotics (clarithromycin, azithromycin, etc.)
and ciprofloxacin should not be prescribed to COPD
patients already taking theophylline

A

True

29
Q

Granulomatous infectious disease caused by
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Lungs are most common site of infection
Due to the multiple species of Mycobacterium (m.
bovis, m. abscessus, m.microti, m.africanuum,
etc.), TB can also affect cutaneous, lymphatic and
other tissues

A

Tb

30
Q

WHO estimates 1/3 of human population is infected
(~2 x 109 people)
Greatest universal single pathogen killer of humans
Not as morbid to the US population
1900 AD ~ 500 per 100,000 incidence
1980 AD ~ 9.3 per 100,000 incidence
1985-1992 ~10.6 per 100,000 incidence
2009 ~ 3.8 per 100,000 incidence

A

Tb

31
Q 
Airborne Transmission via infectious 
respiratory droplets from
•Coughing 
•Sneezing 
•Talking 
•Singing
A

TB

32
Q 
Signs and symptoms of \_\_\_\_\_:
•Persistent, unexplained cough
•Fever 
•Malaise
•Night sweats
•Unintentional weight loss
•Hemoptysis
•Dyspnea
A

TB

33
Q

Oral signs of_____
• More frequent presentation:
➢Deep irregular, painful ulcer on the tongue dorsum
➢May occur in other areas as well (gingiva, lips,
palate, buccal mucosa)
• SCROFULA
• TB involvement of cervical and submandibular
lymph nodes
• Lymph nodes are enlarged and painful
• Abscess with purulence may be present

A

TB

34
Q

• TB involvement of cervical and submandibular
lymph nodes
• Lymph nodes are enlarged and painful
• Abscess with purulence may be present

A

• SCROFULA

Dental Mgmt of Medically Compromised Pts (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions