Pulmonary Flashcards
Accessary muscle use
Struggling for breath using extra muscles in addition to the diaphragm
Asthma
Constriction of the airway due to muscular contraction of the bronchioles
Atelectasis
Collapse of the alveoli in the lungs due to disease or poor inspiration
Bradypnea
Decreased respiratory rate
Bronchiolitis
Inflammation/infection of the bronchioles (smaller division of the bronchi)
Bronchitis
Inflammation/infection of the bronchi
COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Croup
Viral infection of the upper airway with a barking cough and often stridor
Dullness on percussion
Fluid or mass under area being percussed
Dyspnea
Difficult and labored breathing, shortness of breath
Hemoptysis
Coughing up blood
Hemothorax
Blood fluid present in the pleural cavity
Hyperventilation
Breathing too fast
Nasal flaring
Enlargement of nostrils with breathing (sign of respiratory distress)
Prolonged expiration
Expiratory phase that is markedly longer than the inspiratory phase, heard in asthmatics
Pulmonary embolus
Blockage of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches due to a translocated clot
Pleurisy
General term for pain with breathing
Pneumothorax
Presence of air or gas in the pleural space, collapsed lung
Rales
Crackles, wet crackling heard in the lungs due to pneumonia or CHF
Retractions
Visible sinking of the area between the ribs and in the neck during inhalation (respiratory distress)
Rhonchi
Sound of mucus rolling around in the bronchioles/bronchi
Splinting
Avoiding deep inspirations due to increased pain with breathing
Stridor
Upper airway noise, common sign in croup
Tachypnea
Increased respiratory rate, greater than 20 respirations per minute
Wheezing
High pitched sound heard with asthmatics or lung disease
