Pulm Flashcards

1
Q

Initial management of pulmonary htn due to lv dysfunction

A

Loops and aceis

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2
Q

Management of idiopathic pulm htn

A

Endothelin receptor antagonists (bosentan), phosphodiesterase inhibitors eg sildenafil, and or prostanoids (epoprostenol)

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3
Q

In osa you have ___ hematocrit and epo levels

A

Increased

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4
Q

How do you screen for lung cancer

A

Chest ct (not X-ray!)

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5
Q

When and how do you screen for lung cancer in smokers?

A

Annual low dose chest ct in pts 55-80 with a >30 pack year smoking history who are currently smoking or quit within the last 15 years

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6
Q

Three common causes of secondary clubbing

A

Lung malignancies
Cystic fibrosis
Right to left cardiac shunts

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7
Q

Does copd present with digital clubbing

A

No

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8
Q

Can you have a pleural effusion with a pe

A

Yes

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9
Q

Etiology of infectious/inflammatory pleural exudative effusion

A

Increase in capillary permeability

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10
Q

What is lights criteria

A

Is pleural effusion transudative or exudative

Exudate if any of these are true

  1. PF ldh/serum ldh > 0.6
  2. PF protein/serum protein > 0.5
  3. PF ldh > 2/3 The upper limit of normal
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11
Q

Cause of biphasic stridor/wheezing/dysphagia, more prominent during expiration, improves with neck extension in a baby under one

A

Vascular ring

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12
Q

Laryngomalacia is __ when supine

A

Worse

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13
Q

Laryngomalacia is ___ with inspiration because ___

A

Worse

Collapse of supraglottic structures

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14
Q

Sudden loss of vision, onset of floaters, fundus hard to visualize in a diabetic

A

Vitreous hemorrhage

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15
Q

Asthma, chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, congestion following ingestion of aspirin or NSAIDs
What am I

A

Aspirin exacerbated resp disease

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16
Q

Vulvar pain, malaise, dysuria, painful labial ulcers, inguinal lymphadenopathy, what am I

A

Genital herpes

17
Q

Symptom management in copd

A

Ipratropium (anti muscarinic, anti cholinergic) plus short acting beta agonist

18
Q

Transudative effusions are marked by ___ protein

A

Low (<3g/dL)

19
Q

In pulmonary fibrosis, total lung capacity is ___, functional residual capacity is ___, and residual volume is ___

A

Tlc is low
Frc is low
Residual capacity is low

20
Q

In pulmonary fibrosis, dlco is ___ and alveolar-arterial gradient is ___

A

Dlco is reduced

Alveolar-arterial gradient is high

21
Q

Progressive dyspnea and productive cough are more associated with copd or angina?

22
Q

Dead space ventilation refers to

A

Ventilation of areas of lung that are not perfused with blood (eg pe)

23
Q

Normal pleural fluid ph

24
Q

Normal pleural fluid ph in transudative pf

25
Normal pleural fluid ph in exudative pleural fluid
7.3-7.45
26
Pleural fluid ph <7.3 is usually due to
Empyema, pleuritis, pleural fibrosis
27
Pulmonary arterial hypertension causes what heart exam findings?
Rv heave
28
Dlco is asthma and chronic bronchitis
Normal
29
Dlco in emphysema
Low