Derm Flashcards by Alee Perkins

What is the atopic triad

Asthma
Eczema
Allergic rhinitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Contact dermatitis is what kind of reaction

Type iv hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

“Linear” or “angular” rash often refers to

Contact dermatitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Define papules

Elevated solid skin lesion <1cm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Plaque is a

Papule >1cm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Describe type I hypersensitivity reaction

First and fast (anaphylaxis, urticaria)

Antigen cross-links Ige on last cells and triggers release of histamines

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is serum sickness

Antibodies to the foreign proteins are produced in -5 days, immune complexes are deposited on membranes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Serum sickness is usually caused by

Drug reaction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tb skin tests, transplant rejection and contact dermatitis are examples of ___ hypersensitivity

Delayed, type IV

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Seborrheic dermatitis can be caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to

Malassezia furfur, a yeast

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cradle cap is due to

Seborrheic dermatitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What am I? Severe red diaper rash with yellow scale, erosions and blisters

Seborrheic dermatitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tx of seborrheic dermatitis in adults

Selenium sulfide or zinc pyrithione shampoos

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Baby with hx of eczema with new onset rash and fever and grouped vesicles in eczematous areas. What is it?

Eczema herpeticum, Medical emergency due to systemic spread of hsv infection

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tx of eczema herpeticum

Iv acyclovir

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A rash involving extensor surfaces

Psoriasis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rash involving flexor surfaces

Atopic dermatitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is auspitz sign

Classical presentation of psoriasis-pinpoint bleeding when scale is scraped

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Drug reaction rashes usually occur how long after exposure

7-14 days

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What kind of lesions do you see in erythema multiforme

Target lesions

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Palms, soles and mucus membranes are often affected in

Erythema multiforme

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nikolsky sign in erythema multiforme is

Negative

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

If nikolsky sign is present, what two scary things should be on your differential

Sjs and ten

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Biopsy of sjs shows

Degeneration of basal layer of epidermis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Biopsy in ten shows

Full thickness eosinophilic epidermal necrosis

Scalded skin syndrome is usually seen in____ and has an ___ etiology

Kids under six | Infectious

Sjs/ten is usually seen in ___ and is generally caused by ___

Adults | Drug reaction

Location of blisters in bullous pemphigoid

Basement membrane zone

Location of blisters in pemphigus vulgaris

Intraepidermal

Autoantibodies in bullous pemphigoid are directed against

Hemidesmosomal proteins

Autoantibodies in pemphigus vulgaris are directed against

Desmoglein responsible for keratinocyte adhesion

Nikolsky sign is ___ in bullous pemphigoid and ___ in pemphigus vulgaris

Negative | Positive

Pt age in bullous pemphigoid

>60

Pt age in pemphigus vulgaris

40-60

Erosions are more common in bullous pemphigoid or pemphigus vulgaris

Tx of bullous pemphigoid

Steroids

Tx of pemphigus vulgaris

High dose steroids + immunomodulatory therapy

Dermatitis herpetiformis is associated with which dz

Celiac

Dx of herpes simplex lesion

Viral culture of lesion

If you have herpes what do you see on tzanck smear

Multinucleated giant cells

Molluscum contagiosum is what kind of virus

Pox virus

Tiny flesh colored dome shaped waxy papules with central umbilication. What am I

Molluscum contagiosum

Impetigo tx

Mild localized dz: topical abx like mupirocin Severe non-Mrsa: cephalexin, dicloxacillin Severe Mrsa: bactrim

Community acquired ___ is an increasingly common cause of cellulitis

Mrsa

Dysphasia, drooling, fever and red warm mouth. What am I?

Ludwig angina, a bilateral cellulitis

What is Fournier gangrene

A form of necrotizing fasciitis that is localized to genital and perineal area

A small red patch on a Child’s cheek or extremities that turns into a painful shiny plaque. What am I

Erysipelas, common causes by gas

Tx of erysipelas

Penicillin

Tinea versicolor is caused by

Malassezia furfur

Tx of tinea versicolor

Ketoconazole or selenium sulfide

Treatment of lice

Permethrin

Intense pruritus esp at night and after hot showers is characteristic of

Scabies

Scabies generally appears in ___ tracks

Linear, representing burrows of the mite

Which can be seen with the naked eye, lice or scabies?

Lice

Three subtypes of gangrene

Dry Wet Gas

Dry gangrene is due to

Insufficient blood flow to tissue usually from atherosclerosis

Wet gangrene is due to

Bacterial infection, usually with skin flora

Gas gangrene is due to

C perfringens infection

Demographic of pts with rosacea

Middle aged with fair skin more common in women

Tx of rosacea

Metronidazole

Which spares palms and soles, pityriasis rosea or secondary Syphillis

Pityriasis rosea

Initial treatment of dermatitis herpetiformis

Dapsone

Immediately after severe burns, infections tend to be caused by

Gram positives eg staph aureus

After 5 days post a severe burn, most infections are due to

Gram negatives (pseudomonas) or fungi

Right sided heart failure following an implantable pacemaker, think

Tricuspid regurg

Treatment of congenital long qt

Refraining from vigorous exercise, avoiding meds that can cause long qt, maintaining normal levels of calcium, potassium and magnesium Beta blockers and pacemaker

What am I? Painful vesicles with an erythematous base that evolves to a punched out erosions with hemorrhagic crusting

Eczema herpeticum

Eczema herpeticum is due to what virus

Hsv1

What non-skin findings are associated with eczema herpeticum

Fever, irritability, lymphadenopathy

Tinea versicolor is caused by what bug

Malassezia globosa

Arterial ulcers occur where

Farthest distal places like tips of toes

What is a marjolin ulcer

Scc arising in a burn wound

Bright sharply demarcated erythema over perianal/perineal area in school aged children is likely

Perianal strep

Tinea capitis is most common in kids of what race

African American

Scaly, erythematous plaque on scalp that can progress to patchy alopecia plus lymphadenopathy

Tinea capitis

3 ds of pellagra

Dermatitis Diarrhea Dementia

In acute intermittent porphyria can you have diarrhea?

Yes

In acute intermittent porphyria are symptoms episodic or chronic

Episodic

Can pellagra by triggered by isoniazid

Yes

Can acute intermittent porphyria by triggered by isoniazid

Yes

What is a dermatofibroma

Common benign fibrous nodule on lower legs often hyperpigmented See dimpling in the center when the area is pinched

What is congenital melanocytic Nevus

Benign proliferation of melanocytes usually forming solitary, hyperpigmented lesions with increased density of overlying dark coarse hairs

A furuncle is a

Hair follicle abscess

Tx of furuncle/folliculitis

Topical abx (mupirocin) for mild disease More severe disease-treated like impetigo-oral cephalexin or cloxacillin

Is eczema itchy and scaly

Yes

Rash in someone on infliximab/generally immunocompromised? Think

Shingles

Tx of staph scalded skin syndrome

Nafcillin

Anaphylactic reaction mechanism

Antigen cross links igE on mast cells, releasing histamine

What is anaphylaxis

Hypotension in response to allergic reaction

What happens to hives when you push on them

They blanch

Immune response to sle and rheumatoid arthritis

Type iii, antigen-antibody immune complexes activate complement

Erythema multiforme is ___mediated, forming a ___ lesion and most commonly associated with

Immune complex Targetoid lesion Hsv

Tx of sunburn

Cool compresses, calamine lotion, NSAIDs