Public Health Microbiology Flashcards
This is often the leading cause of illnesses in the country.
Communicable Diseases
They afflict the most vulnerable of the population.
Communicable Diseases
These are diseases that spreads from person to person through a variety of ways.
Communicable Diseases
This plays an important role in planning and evaluating disease prevention and control programs.
Reporting Cases
These are the types of microorganisms that cause infections.
- Bacteria
- Virus
- Parasite
- Fungi
This is the most common infection causing microorganism.
Bacteria
These microorganisms are mainly composed of nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA.
Virus
These microorganisms replicate by entering living cells.
Virus
These microorganisms include yeasts and molds.
Fungi
These microorganisms thrive from consuming other living organisms.
Parasite
This is how you can distinguish pathogens from one another.
Characteristics
These are the characteristics in distinguishing pathogens.
- Cells
- Size
- Nucleus
(4. Way of Reproduction)
This is a pathogen that do not contain any cells or nucleus.
Virus
This is a pathogen that has a size of 1-5um.
Bacteria
This is a pathogen that has a size of 0.02-0.2um.
Virus
This is a pathogen that has a size of 15-25um.
Parasites
This is a pathogen that has a size of 3-10um.
Fungi (especially yeast)
This is how bacteria replicate.
Binary Fission
This is how viruses replicate.
Viral Genetics
This is how parasites replicate.
Mitosis
This is how fungi replicates.
Mitosis via Budding
This is a traditional epidemiologic triad model that holds infectious diseases from the interaction, agent, and host in an environment.
Chain of Infection
These are the steps in the chain of infection.
- Pathogen
- Reservoir
- Portal of Exit
- Mode of Transmission
- Portal of Entry
- Susceptible Host
This only happens when the infectious agent leaves the reservoir or host.
Infection
This is another term for pathogens.
Etiologic Agents
This is the extent to which any microorganism is capable of producing an infectious process that depends on the number of microorganisms.
Pathogens
This is also called the source of microorganisms.
Reservoir
These are the examples of sources of microorganisms.
- Humans
- Animals
- Plants
- Microorganisms
This is the most common source of infections for others and for themselves.
People
This is where microorganisms leave the host.
Portal of Exit
This is dependent on the mechanism a pathogen uses in order to reach another host.
Mode of Transmission
These are the two modes of transmission.
- Direct Transmission
- Indirect Transmission
This involves the immediate and direct transfer of microorganism.
Direct Transmission
These are examples of direct transmission.
Touching, biting, kissing, droplet spread, or sexual intercourse.
This is the distance wherein direct transmission is transferred from host to source.
3 feet
These are also possible portals of entry susceptible from droplet spreads like coughing, sneezing, talking, and singing.
Mucous membranes like eyes, nose, or mouth.
These are the two types of indirect transmission.
- Vehicle Borne
- Vector Borne
This when a substance serves as the intermediate mode of transport in order to introduce the infectious agent through a portal of entry.
Vehicle Borne Transmission
These are objects or materials that carry around infections such as handkerchiefs, toys, soiled clothes, etc.
Fomites
This is when an infectious agent is injected from the salivary gland fluid of an animal or insect through biting or depositing fecal matter on the skin via bite wound or traumatized skin.
Vector Borne Transmission
This is when the microorganism must enter the body in order to infect the host.
Portal of Entry
This is the same as how microorganisms enter a host just as they leave it.
Portal of Entry
This is any person that is at risk for any kind of infection.
Susceptible Host
This is an individual that is at an increased risk and more likely to acquire an infection.
Compromised Host
This is an example of factors that can greatly affect the susceptibility of a person.
Autoimmune Disorder
These are several factors the chain of infection can be broken down.
- Increased Host Resistance
- Destruction of Reservoir
- Destruction of Agent
- Exposure Avoidance
This is the most important procedure for the prevention of microorganism transfer.
Correct and frequent handwashing.
This is how long handwashing should take.
20 seconds or longer.
These are the following instances wherein handwashing needs to be done.
- Beginning of every shift
- End of every shift.
- Before and after prolonged contact with a patient.
- Before invasive procedure.
- Before contact with susceptible patients.
- Before touching wounds.
- After contact with bodily fluids, even when gloves are worn.
- Anytime you are doubtful of its necessity.
These are the reasons why gloves are worn.
- To protect the hands when handling body substances.
- To reduce the likelihood of transmitting own microorganisms to patients
- To reduce the chance of health workers transmitting pathogens from client/fomite to other clients.
These are situations wherein gloves must be changed between clients.
In all situations.
