Epidemiology Flashcards
This is the study of the behavior of disease on the community rather than in individual patients.
Epidemiology
The main goal is to control and prevent the spread of disease.
Epidemiology
These are the three (3) components of epidemiology.
Population, Distribution, and Risk Factors
These are the uses of epidemiology.
Identify the etiology, determine the prognosis, and identify the risk factor.
This is the sudden increase in the incidence of a diseases above the usual expected rate.
Epidemic
This is the rate of which a disease proliferates.
Endemic Rate
True or False: In an epidemic it is crucial to think WHO is getting the disease, WHERE is the disease, and WHY did the outbreak happen.
False, it’s WHO, WHERE, and WHEN.
This community reaction happens in the occurrence of few and unrelated cases.
Sporadic
This community reaction happens due to constant occurrence.
Endemic
This community reaction happens in the occurrence of several cases of a disease.
Epidemic
This community reaction happens when there is an epidemic involving multiple countries.
Pandemic
This a disease surveillance category made by the government before many people start dying.
Notifiable Disease
This monitor trends in the endemic disease and control objectives and needs timely reporting to allow public health officials to detect epidemics in its early stages.
Notifiable Diseases
This person is the father of modern epidemiology for his work in tracing specific outbreak sources in England.
John Snow, 1854
This person conducted studies about cholera and creates spot maps.
John Snow, 1854
This is the causative agent for cholera.
Vibrio Cholerae
This is a fatal intestinal disease that was rampant during the early 1800’s in London and was commonly thought to be caused by bad air from rotting matter.
Cholera
These are the two ways on how intervention evaluation can be conducted.
Stop exposure to large scale contaminated water and stop exposure to the entire area specific water supply.
This is any element, substance, or force whether living or non-living thing. The presence or absence can initiate or perpetuate a disease process.
Agent
This type of agent is a physical or mechanical in nature that can live in extreme temperatures or light electricity.
Living or Non-living Agents
This type of agent can either be endogenous or exogenous.
Chemical Agents
This is described as the time from exposure to the first or earliest symptom.
Incubation
This type of incubation is the time of exposure to a pathogenic organism and the onset of symptoms of a disease.
Clinical Incubation Period
This type of incubation is the time taken by the parasite to complete its development in the definite host.
Biological Incubation Period
This subtype of incubation is the time of entry of the infective larvae to the presence of microfilariae.
Intrinsic Incubation Period
These are the three (3) descriptions for Isolation.
- Sick
- Last for the Period of Communicability
- At least 7 Days after symptoms have gone away.
These are the three (3) descriptions for Quarantine.
- Exposed or Close Contact
- 14 days to see if one gets sick
- To ensure the person does not infect others
This is the time during an infectious agent can be transmitted directly or indirectly to infecting from another host.
Period of Communicability
This category of isolation is designed to prevent transmission of highly contagious or virulent infections. May be spread via contact or droplet.
Strict Isolation
This category of isolation is for less highly transmissible infections are primarily spread by close or direct contact.
Contact Isolation
This category of isolation is for the preventions of transmission of infectious disease over short distances through air.
Respiratory Isolation
This category of isolation is for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who have a positive sputum or chest x-rays which strongly suggest active tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis Isolation or AFB Isolation
This category of quarantine is done through the limitation of movement of those exposed to a communicable disease for a period not longer than the longest usual incubation period of that disease.
Absolute/Complete Quarantine
This category of quarantine is a selective, partial limitation of freedom of movement of contacts. Is done in a short period of time.
Modified Quarantine
This is the phase of pathogenesis where man is yet to be involved.
Pre-pathogenesis
This is the phase of pathogenesis that is through the interaction of an agent, host, and the environment.
Pre-pathogenesis
This is the phase of pathogenesis where everyone is in a period of many diseases present in the environment where man lives.
Pre-pathogenesis
This is the phase of pathogenesis when an invasion and establishment of an agent in the host is successful.
Pathogenesis
This is the phase of pathogenesis where signs and symptoms occur.
Pathogenesis
