public health Flashcards
What is a vector-borne transmission
something another organism, like a flea, tick, or mosquito, transfers disease from an infected animal to humans
Hantavirus is
primarily found in the dried urine, saliva and droppings of deer mice
What makes a bacteria enteric?
when they reside in the intestines. Examples include Campylobacter sp., E. coli, and Salmonella sp.
Which pest transmits Lyme Disease?
deer ticks
Who usually contracts Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
rodents, dogs and deer.
What is DEET?
a tick repellent. also wearing permethrin treated clothing can help prevent again bites as well.
Which animal is the primary carrier of West Nile virus and how is it transmitted?
it is most prevalent in birds and is transmitted by mosquitos from birds to humans and to other animals.
Describe simple/gradual metamorphosis
insects go from egg, to nymph and then adult. the nymph molts several times until it becomes an adult. The nymph closely resembles the adult but does not have wings.
Describe complex/complete metamorphosis
insect transition from egg, larvae, pupa and then adult life stages. The larvae look nothing like the adult. the larvae often form a pupal case (cocoon) in which the pupa forms. During the pupal stage the larvae transforms into an adult
What are the characteristics of all insects
- 3 body segments (head, thorax and abdomen. 2. 3 pairs of legs 3. antennae 4. exoskeleton
All bites come from which sex of mosquito?
females
Which type of metamorphosis do mosquitos undergo?
mosquitoes undergo complete/complex metamorphosis
Mosquito eggs are normally laid in water. under which circumstances can they be laid on dry ground?
They can be placed in ground depressions where they hatch after being immersed by flood, irrigation or melting snow water.
Mosquito larvae are called?
“wrigglers”
Mosquito pupae are called?
“tumblers”
Which species or mosquito does not lay on the water service? how do they get air?
Coquillettidia. this species in completely submerges and penetrates the submerged vegetation and gets its air from the plants
What do mosquito larvae feed on
Algae, bacteria, yeast, fungi and protozoans, NOT plants.
Which species of mosquito overwinters as both eggs and larvae?
Aedes
Which species of mosquito can have a larval habitat in a tree hole?
Aedes
What is used to collect and count mosquito larvae?
a white enamel or plastic dipper.
What are 4 ways you can use water management practices to control mosquitos?
- Eliminate mosquito breeding habitat. Remove excess water within 5 days of accumulation and cover water areas like pools/ponds and birdbaths. 2. Prevent water accumulation in areas where water can pool. 3. Use predaceous fish as a biological control. the GAMBUSIA-AFFINIS is the fish most commonly used. 4. Increase water movement. mosquito larvea cannot tolerate much movement.
In which ways are Aerial photographic maps, contour maps and general area maps useful in mosquito control?
they can help to provide an overview of all control operations showing larval producing areas, larval and adult camping stations, the distribution of important vector species and the type of control activity.
What is used for the mechanical control of mosquitos?
ordinary 16 mesh window screens, air screens and air curtains in commercial settings, mosquito nets in recreational areas and tightly woven clothing.
Hows does a synthetic pyrethroid (like Demand CS) work?
it interferes with the insects physiology
How do organophosphates work?
they inhibit cholinesterase (an enzyme) at the neuron synapse that overexcites (overstimulates) the nervous system
What are the 4 species of cockroaches?
German, American, Brownbanded, Oriental
Which of the following is an insect? mite, lice, tick, or spider?
LICE because they have 3 pairs of legs and 3 body segments. mites, ticks and spiders have 2 body segments and 4 pairs of legs.
How do rodent tracking powders work?
tracking powders are toxicants mixed with a dust which can be used for rodent control. The toxic powder adheres to the rodents feet and fur and is consumed during grooming. most tracking powders incorporate anticoagulant rodenticides.
What is the type of active ingredient in most rodent baits?
anticoagulant
Which rat has a tail that is longer than the combination of the head and body?
roof rat
What should be paid attention to in Sanitation for rodent control
involves good housekeeping, including proper storage and handling of food materials, feed and edible garbage. Keep pet food stored in metal rodent proof containers. Properly store and regularly dispose of garbage from homes, restaurants, warehouses, factories and other such sources.
What do you look for in a rodent survey?
rodent burrows, droppings, runways, gnawing marks, tracks and the presence of rodent carcasses
Which foods does the house mouse prefer?
cereals and grains, its omnivorous.
Describe a microcapsule formulation
a liquid core of toxicant and an outer shell that dissolves in water.
Does a female mosquito need a blood meal to reproduce?
Yes.
What is leptospirosis?
A disease transmitted to humans by food or water that is contaminated by the urine of an infected animal, or by direct contact.
What is the latin name for Lyme disease?
Borielia Burgdorferi
Which tick transmits the most disease’s, hard ticks or soft ticks?
Hard ticks
What is “Tularemia”?
Is a disease of rodents and rabbits that is transmitted to humans by ticks.
Know the different groups, habits and habitat’s on pg.13 of book.
You need to know the whole table.
The picture on the test is equipment for mosquito control.
Know what tools you need to collect mosquito’s for study.
What is “Gambia Affinis”?
A surface eating fish that is used to control mosquito larvae. Is a control species in Washington state.
How do “petroleum distillates” work?
By inhaltion then suffocation
What is an “IGR”?
“Integrated Growth Regulator.” growth rate inhibitors
What is Aluminum Phosphide?
A rodenticide that is mixed with food and ingested then turns to gas in the rodents digestive system.
How is GIS used in pest management?
It is a collection on data from mosquito surveys to create maps of where mosquito populations are.
What is the best method for rodent control?
Clean up pet food and trash around home.
Best way to prevent a roach infestation?
Clean up home and good sanitation.
Which rat’s tail is longer than it’s body?
Look it up if you don’t know?
Study the math problems on pages 47-50.
You will need to know all this junk!
What is a ULV fogger?
Ultra Low Volume fogger - used to treat mosquitos.
What are microcapsules?
They have a liquid core of toxicant and the outer shell that dissolves in water.
What is DEET used for?
A tick and mosquito repellent.
What are “Scabies” caused by?
Caused by itch mites. Transferred by skin to skin contact.
What is the BTI pathogen?
Its a bacteria chemical control (spray) that stops digestion resulting in death in the mosquito
what are other common names for the Hover fly
Lesser house fly or house fly
Where do Mosquitos NOT lay eggs?
on feces
How long (in days) is larvae development completed
4-10 days
What are the major differences of the male black widow (in contrast to the female)?
Male Black widows do not feed or bite and they are smaller than the female. they have an amorphous (chaotic no pattern) web.
What are the 5 species of mosquitos
Aedes, Culex, Culiseto, Coquillettidia, Anopheles
Which virus is closely related to WNV (West Nile Virus)
Encephalitis virus
Which of the 4 life stages of mosquitos are associated with water?
the first 3. Egg, Larvae and Pupae
Chemical control of mosquitos is generally targets to which life stages?
Larvae and Adult. (Larvicide and Adulticide)
