Public health 19th To 21st Century Flashcards
What year is the Artisans Dwelling Act?what is it?
1875,local authorities can knock down slum houses.
What year is back to back housing banned?
1909
When is national insurance brought about?what is it?
1911,workers earning less than £160 made weekly contributions and in turn got free health care and sick pay for 26 weeks and unemployment benefit if out of work-David Lloyd George was responsible.
What year was the Health of a Nation campaign set up?what did it entail?
1992 Set 5 targets to prevent and reduce: Heart disease HIV/AIDS Mental illness Cancer Accidents.
What did the 1848 Public Health Act entail? (5)
NOT COMPULSORY:
- local board of health
- organise removal of rubbish
- sewer system
- appoint local medical officer.
- the cost was expected to be covered by landlords and the wealthy.
What were the limitations of the 1848 Public Health Act? (5)
NOT COMPULSORY
1/3 of towns set up a board of health
1854 3 commissioners of the act e.g. Chadwick had to resign
General Board of Health was abolished in 1858
Chadwick was never appointed to any other official position.
Why was the 1875 Public Health Act put in place? (7)
- Due to the cholera outbreak in 1866
- because working class men got the vote in 1867 so their views were now expressed
- weakening of the laissez faire attitude
- William Farrs work in 1837 (birth/death/marriage register)
- germ theory
- education improving-1870 education act
- cities led the way-Leeds appoint first medical officer in 1866.
What did the 1875 Public Health Act entail? (5)
Clean water Streets were paved Rubbish removed Sewers built House quality improved.
What was Edwin Chadwicks report?what year was it published?
The sanitary conditions of the labouring population.
1842
What were the limitations of Chadwicks work? (2)
- cost of reorganising the system was dislike by very high up people leading to Chadwicks hatred within parliament.
- the conservative government of 1842 rejected his report and it wasn’t until 1847 until the liberal arums that it was listened to.
Limitations of Bazalgettes work. (3)
The system still dumped tons of raw sewage into the Thames
The Princess Alice sinking in 1878 led to 640 passengers dying mainly due to poisoning as it sank near a sewage outlet
A positive is that this led to a building of a series of sewage treatment plants.
Positives of Bazalgettes work. (2)
Improvements made due to sewers dealing with the amount of waste produced by London.
By 1875 he had spent £6.5 million building or revamping 2,100km of sewers in London.
What year a working class men in towns given the vote?
1867
Other factors that led to improvement (5)
National efficiency-had to have a strong work force to maintain its strong world power status.
The Boer War(1899-1902)-1 in 3 recruits failed medical exam leading to desire to improve health
Politics and Gov-the Labour Party was winning public support due it’s campaigns to help people so as a counter argument the liberals realised that social reforms were necessary.
Better understanding of disease-people understand germs so knew if social reforms weren’t out in place then they would continue to become ill.
Individuals-Charles Booth and Seebohm Rowntree change the idea that people were poor because they were lazy to it being down to sickness,long term unemployment and death of the main breadwinner.
What year was the beveridge report published?what did it entail?
1942 Fight the 5 Giant Evils Want Disease Ignorance Squalor Idleness
