public health Flashcards
1
Q
what are ACE’s
A
adverse childhood experiences
2
Q
top 5 causes of under 5 mortality globally
A
- preterm birth complications
- pneumonia
- intrapartum-related complications
- congenital abnormalities
- diarrhoea
3
Q
top 5 causes of under 5 mortality in africa
A
- diarrhoea
- pneumonia
- malaria
- preterm birth complications
- intrapartum-related complications
4
Q
causes of pneumonia in neonates
A
- malnutrition
- over-crowding
- indoor air pollution
- parental smoking
5
Q
treatment for diarrhoea
A
- oral rehydration solution (ORS)
- zinc supplements
6
Q
how does ORS work
A
it creates an osmotic pull for water
7
Q
according to WHO, what are the six solutions to the most preventable causes of under 5 deaths
A
- immediate and exclusive breastfeeding
- skilled attendants for antenatal, birth, and postnatal care
- access to nutrition and micronutrients
- family knowledge of danger signs in a child’s health
- water, sanitation and hygiene
- immunizations
8
Q
HIV presentation in children
A
- recurrent or severe common childhood illnesses
- recurrent oral candidiasis not responding to treatment
- recurrent severe bacterial infections
- failure to thrive or growth failure
- generalised lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly
- persistent fever
- encephalopathy
- chronic parotitis
9
Q
diagnostic tests for HIV
A
<18 months: virological PCR for HIV DNA or RNA
>18 months: serological rapid antibody test
10
Q
HIV treatment
A
HAART
-two NRTI’s plus one NNRTI or protease inhibitor
11
Q
malaria treatment
A
artemisinin-based combination therapy for 3 days
12
Q
presentation of malaria
A
- fever
- pallor
- non-specific malaise
13
Q
diagnostic criteria for severe acute malnutrition
A
- mid-arm circumference <115mm
- weight for height
