public and crime: victims and fear of crime - Week 10 Flashcards
Ainsworth 7 stages to crime?
1) will victim notice the
crime
2) will victim report
3) will police record crime
4) will offender be caught
5) will offender be prosecuted
6) will perpetrator be found guilty
7) will perpetrator receive sentence
How do mass media influence crime?
They focus on the serious and sensational crimes
What is the fear victimisation paradox?
Clark (2004) - Fear of crime often exceeds the actual risk of becoming a victim to crime
Which group report the highest level of fear of crime?
Elderly people
What is crime phobia?
Intense fear of anxiety about becoming a victim of crime
what is cultivation theory?
Assumption that mass media are means of cultural transmission and affect fear of crime
repeated exposure to media messages shapes individuals’ perceptions of reality
Who supports cultivation theory?
Gerbner (1972)
Limitations of Cultivation theory?
Gunter (1987)
Findings not replicated in different communities
What is available heuristic theory?
if people can think of an example of a crime they are more likely to think it is more common or probable
Who supports Available Heuristic theory?
Shrum (1996)
What is cognitive theory?
fear can be understood as a result of multiplying two factors: risk and seriousness.
the more an individual perceives themselves to be at risk , and the more serious they believe the consequences of victimisation would be, the greater their fear of crime is likely to be.
who supports cognitive theory?
Winkel (1998)
What is victimisation?
focuses on understanding the experiences, behaviours, and needs of victims of crime, how psychology can help victim
What is PTSD?
Post traumatic stress disorder
Symptoms of PTSD?
reliving event via memories
flashbacks
nightmares
disrupts day to day life >1 month
