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ANT 1001 > pterygopalatine foss > Flashcards

pterygopalatine foss Flashcards

1
Q

where is pterygopalatine fossa located

A

on lateral side of skull between the infra temporal fossa and nasopharynx

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2
Q

the ptergyopalatine fossa is known as

A

major neuromuscular crossroads between the orbit, nasal cavity, the infra temporal fossa, and cranial fossa

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3
Q

walls of PP fossa

A

anterior wall- posterior surface maxilla
medial wall- lateral surface palatine bone
roof/posterior wall- from sphenoid (anterosuperior surface of pterygoid process)

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4
Q

PP fossa communicates with

A

middle cranial fossa, infratemporal fossa, floor of orbit, lateral wall of nasal cavity, oropharynx, roof of oral cavity

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5
Q

PP fossa is the major site for

A

the maxillary nerve V2

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6
Q

PP fossa is the terminal site for

A

the maxillary artery

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7
Q

PP fossa contains what ganglion

A

pterygopalatine

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8
Q

the pterygopalatine ganglion is a merger of

A

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from facial nerve (VII) and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers

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9
Q

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from facial n. (VII) and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers join

A

sympathetic fibers from T1 join branches of V2

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10
Q

PP fossa is formed by

A

anterosuperior surface of pterygoid process

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11
Q

two large foramen of PP fossa on sphenoid bone

A

foramen rotundum and anterior opening of pterygoid canal

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12
Q

how many foramina and fissures as apertures are seen within the PP fossa and what are they

A

7
sphenopalatine foramen- nasal cavity
inferior orbital fissure- floor of orbit
pterygomaxillary fissure- infra temporal fossa
foramen rotundum- cranial cavity (middle cranial fossa)
pterygoid canal- cranial cavity (middle cranial fossa)
palatovaginal canal-nasopharynx
palatine canal- roof of oral cavity (palate)

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13
Q

To remember the seven foramina of the pterygopalatine fossa, you can use a mnemonic or memory technique. Here’s a simple mnemonic that may help you recall them:

“A Tiny Man Saw Three Fat Rats”

Here’s what each word in the mnemonic represents:

A (Anterior): This refers to the anterior opening of the pterygopalatine fossa, which is the pterygomaxillary fissure.
Tiny (Temporal): This represents the temporal (or lateral) side of the fossa, which has the foramen rotundum.
Man (Maxillary): This stands for the maxillary (or superior) side, which contains the greater palatine foramen.
Saw (Sphenopalatine): This represents the sphenopalatine foramen, which is a crucial foramen in this region.
Three (Teres): This refers to the terygoid canal (also known as the pterygoid or Vidian canal).
Fat (Foramina): This reminds you that there are multiple foramina, so you need to keep them in mind.
Rats (Rotundum): This refers to the foramen rotundum again, reinforcing the second foramen.

A
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14
Q

what nerve goes through the foramen rotundum

A

maxillary nerve V2 (sensory)

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15
Q

maxillary nerve passes where and supplies what

A

passes anteriorly- passes through the inferior orbital fissure as infraorbital nerve
supplies orbital wall- sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses

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16
Q

what nerves go through the palatine canal

A

from V2 the greater and lesser palatine nerves

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17
Q

greater palatine nerve

A

roof of oral cavity, innervates mucosa, glands of hard palate, gingiva to incisors, gives rise to posterior nasal nerves to nose

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18
Q

lesser palatine

A

soft palate?

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19
Q

what nerve goes through sphenopalatine canal

A

nasal nerves (7) enter nasal cavity

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20
Q

nasal nerves

A

most go to supply the lateral wall, others medial wall

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21
Q

nasopalatine nerve passes down

A

nasal septum via incisive canal to oral cavity adjacent to incisor teeth

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22
Q

what nerves goes through the palatogingival canal

A

Zygomatic nerve off pterygopalatine ganglion

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23
Q

zygomatic nerve

A

supplies mucosa and glands of nasopharynx
divides into Zygomaticotemporal branch and Zygomaticofacial branch

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24
Q

two branches of zygomatic nerve and what they supply

A

Zygomaticotemporal- supplies skin over temple
Zygomaticofacial- supply adjacent skin

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25
Q

what nerve goes through pterygomaxillary fissure

A

posterior superior alveolar nerve

26
Q

posterior superior alveolar nerve

A

originate from V2, joins the superior dental plexus inferior to maxillary sinus, supplies molar teeth, buccal gingiva
also involved with maxillary sinus

27
Q

what goes through infraorbital fissure

A

infraorbital nerve

28
Q

infraorbital nerve- where is lies/exits, branches

A

continuation of V2
lies in infraorbital groove, exits through infraorbital canal
branches- middle and anterior superior alveolar nerves, join superior alveolar plexus (supplies maxillary teeth)

29
Q

middle superior alveolar nerve

A

supplies maxillary sinus

30
Q

anterior superior alveolar nerve

A

small branch of nasal, to area of nasal floor and walls

31
Q

infraorbital nerve divides into

A

nasal (to skin over nose and part of nasal septum)
palpebral (to skin of lower eyelid)
superior labial branches (to cheek, upper lip, and related oral mucosa)

32
Q

innervation and blood supply of maxillary teeth

A

posterior superior alveolar- branch of maxillary V2
anterior and middle superior alveolar- branch of infraorbital
branches of maxillary artery (posterior- middle and anterior alveolar artery)

33
Q

innervation and blood supply of mandibular teeth

A

inferior alveolar nerve from V3
inferior alveolar artery off maxillary artery

34
Q

the nerve of the pterygoid canal is formed by

A

greater petrosal from CN VII (facial) and deep petrosal (branch of internal carotid plexus)

35
Q

nerve to pterygoid canal carries

A

preganglionic parasympathetic and postganglion sympathetic fibers

36
Q

greater petrosal nerve

A

from geniculate ganglion of CN VII
parasympathetic innervation to mucous glands of nasal cavity, salivary glands in upper half of oral cavity, lacrimal gland in orbit
also for taste from soft palate

37
Q

deep petrosal nerve

A

carries postganglionic sympathetic fibers for blood vessels

38
Q

deep petrosal nerve originates in and joins

A

superior cervical sympathetic ganglion, merges with ganglionic fibers from T1
joins greater petrosal

39
Q

pterygopalatine ganglion

A

largest of 4 sympathetic ganglia in head
from CN VII (facial) carried by greater petrosal and nerve of pterygoid canal
join V2 fibers

40
Q

what nerves continue off of CN V2

A

orbital, palatine, nasal, pharyngeal??? slide 24

41
Q

sphenopalatine ganglion block is often involved in

A

management of orofacial pain and headache

42
Q

sphenopalatine ganglion block relieves

A

trigeminal autonomic cephalagias such as cluster headache, migraine, chronic paroxysmal hemicrania, and certain neuralgias

43
Q

sphenopalatine ganglion has what kind of fibers

A

parasympathetic, sympathetic, and somatosensory nerve fibers

44
Q

what supplies sensation to lacrimal gland

A

off Zygomaticotemporal branch of the zygomatic nerve- forms special autonomic nerve
general sensory branch off ophthalmic nerve (V1)

45
Q

arterial supply

A

most of nasal cavity, roof of oral cavity, all maxillary teeth, also contribute to supply of sinuses- floor of orbit and oropharynx

46
Q

major blood supply of PP fossa

A

maxillary artery off ECA

47
Q

branches of maxillary artery

A

posterior superior alveolar
greater palatine
infraorbital
pharyngeal
artery of pterygoid canal
sphenopalatine artery

48
Q

posterior superior alveolar artery

A

supplies molars/molars, adjacent gingiva and maxillary sinus

49
Q

infraorbital artery

A

structures around orbital floor

50
Q

anterior superior alveolar artery

A

incisors, canines, maxillary sinus

51
Q

greater palatine artery through palatine canal become what and supplies what

A

lesser palatine branch, supplies soft palate, continues to greater palatine foramen to supply hard palate, to anterior septum of nose

52
Q

pharyngeal branch maxillary artery

A

supplies posterior aspect of roof of nasal cavity, sphenoidal sinus and pharyngotympanic tube

53
Q

sphenopalatine artery

A

terminal branch of maxillary artery, supplies lateral wall of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (posterior septal branches supply nasal septum then join greater palatine artery

54
Q

artery of pterygoid canal

A

at pterygoid canal supplies surrounding tissues, fills foramen lacerum, terminates in mucosa of nasopharynx

55
Q

all veins of PP fossa join in what and pass what

A

join in pterygopalatine fossa and pass laterally into PP fossa, pass through PP fissure to form pterygoid plexus in ITF

56
Q

pterygoid plexus travels with

A

branches of maxillary artery

57
Q

what vein bypasses PP fossa

A

infraorbital vein

58
Q

emissary veins connecting pterygoid plexus drain to

A

cavernous sinus

59
Q

pterygoid plexus mainly drains into

A

external jugular vein

60
Q

pterygoid plexus exists between

A

temporalis and lateral pterygoid muscles

61
Q

path from pterygoid plexus

A

external jugular to subclavian

62
Q

cavernous sinus is brain’s

A

dura

ANT 1001 (5 decks)

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