nasal cavity Flashcards
nose comprises what percent of total volume of nasal airway
30%
function of the nose and nasal airway
warms and humidifies air
humidifies air to 80%
warms are to 90 degrees
paranasal sinuses release NO
filter air
why is mouth breathing bad
the nose isn’t able to execute most of its functions like humidifying and warming air
anterior apertures of nasal cavity
nares, open onto inferior surface of nose
posterior aperture of nasal cavity
choanae, open into nasopharynx
the nasal cavities are separated from
each other by midline septum, oral cavity below by hard palate, and cranial cavity above by parts of the frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones
function of the nasal turbinates
inferior-largest, airflow direction, filters air, humidify, and heat air
middle- protect opening of maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses, buffer to protect the sinuses from pressurized air flow
superior- protect olfactory bulbs
method to visualize nasal airway
lift tip of nose gently opening nasal vestibule, shine bright light into nasal airway
nasal airway contains _____ from paranasal sinuses
nitric oxide, delivered continuously into nasal airway
nitric oxide is a
vasodilator and enhances uptake of O2 by blood
blood oxygen levels are ____ with nose breathing
10% higher
skeleton of nasal cavity
ethmoids, sphenoids, frontal bone, vomer (separates nasal cavity-septum)
three pairs of bones that form roof of nose
frontal (nasal process)
maxilla (frontal proces) and palatine process
nasal
cartilage that forms dorsum and apex of nose
septal, lateral nasal, alar
innervation of nose
two types
olfaction via olfactory nerve (CN I)
sensation via branches of ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of trigeminal
ophthalmic nerve gives rise to
lacrimal, frontal, nasocillary
nasocillary nerve gives rise to and innervates
infratrochlear, innervates superior aspect of external nose
external nasal, provides sensation at nasal tip, medial aspect alar rim, dorsum nose
maxillary innervation of nose
bilateral innervation of lateral dorsum and alar rim- 4 branches
4 branches of maxillary nerve to nose
infraorbital, posterior superior alveolar, zygomatic, ganglionic
nasal vestibule
small dilated space just internal to the naris
arteries that supply nasal cavity include vessels that originate from
internal and external carotid arteries
vessels supplying nose from external carotid
sphenopalatine, greater palatine, superior labial, lateral nasal
vessels supplying nose from internal carotid
anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries
largest vessel supplying nasal cavity is
sphenopalatine artery- terminal branch of maxillary in PP fossa
3 major arteries of nose
opthalmic- ICA
maxillary- ECA
facial- ECA
where do nose bleeds come from
Kiesselbachs plexus
veins that pass with branches that ultimately originate from maxillary artery drain into
pterygoid plexus of veins in ITF
veins from anterior regions of nasal cavities join
facial vein
one of the largest emissary veins and where its drains into
superior ophthalmic vein, cavernous sinus
veins that accompany the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries are tributaries of
superior ophthalmic vein
how many paranasal sinuses are there
4- ethmoidal, sphenoidal, maxillary, frontal
frontal sinus drains onto
lateral wall of middle meatus via frontonasal duct
anterior ethmoidal air cell open into
ethmoidal infundibulum or frontonasal duct
middle ethmoidal air cell open into
ethmoidal bulla or lateral wall above
posterior ethmoidal air cell open into
lateral wall of superior nasal meatus