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SELF STUDY ( MEDICAL ) > PTERIDOPHYTES > Flashcards

PTERIDOPHYTES Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

WHAT ARE THE MAIN CHARECTERISTICS OF PTERIDOPHYTES ?

A
  • TRCHEOPHYTIC
  • ARCHAEGONIATE
  • EMBRYOPHYTES WITHOUT SEEDS
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2
Q

FROM WHERE IS THE NAME DERIVED FROM ?

A

FEATHER LIKE NATURE OF LEAVES OF FERNS WHICH ARE PINNATE COMPOUND

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3
Q

WHO IS THE FATHER OF PTERIDOLOGY ?

A

HAECKEL

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4
Q

WHAT ARE THE 1ST PLANTS WITH VASCULAR TISSUES AND WHAT ARE ITS OTHER NAMES ?

A

PTERIDOPHYTES OTHER NAMES ARE BOTANICAL SNAKES OR VASCULAR CRYPTOGAMS

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5
Q

WHERE DO THEY LIVE ?

A

MOSTLY TERRESTRIAL - MOIST SHADY PLACES - SOME AQUATIC

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6
Q

NAME ANY FEW EX. FOR PTERIDOPHYTES ?

A
  • AZOLLA
  • SALVINIA
  • MARSELIA
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7
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST DOMINANT LIFE CYCLE AND DESCRIBE IT ?

A

SPOROPHYTE - INDEPENDENT, HERBACEOUS - RARELY WITH TREE HABITAT - DIFFERENTIATED INTO ROOT STEM & LEAF

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8
Q

WHAT IS THE TYPE OF ROOT SYSTEM ?

A

ADVENTITIOUS

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9
Q

HOW CAN THE STEM BE ?

A

AERIAL OR UNDERGROUNG ( RHIZOME )

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10
Q

DESCRIBE AERIAL STEM ?

A

CAN BE ERECT OR PROSTRATE - SHOWES DICHOTOMOUS OR MONOPODIAL BRANCHING

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11
Q

DESCRIBE LEAVES.

A

CAN BE OF 2 TYPES :-
* MICROPHYLLOUS
* MACROPHYLLOUS

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12
Q

EXPLAIN MICROPHYLLOUS AND GIVE EX. ?

A

THE LEAF TRACE DOES NOT DISTRUB THE VASCULAR CYLINDRICAL OF THE STEM
EX :-
LYCOPODIUM, SELAGINELLA, EQUISETUM

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13
Q

EXPLAIN MACROPHYLLOUS AND GIVE EX. ?

A

THE LEAF TRACE PRODUCES PARENCHYMATOUS LEAF GAP IN VASCULAR CYLINDRICAL OF THE STEM
EX:-
FERNS

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14
Q

ARE VASCULAR TISSUES PRESENT ?

A

IN ALL ORGANS

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15
Q

WHAT TYPE OF STELE IS PRESENT ?

A

PROTOSTELE
SIPHONOSTELE
DICTYOSTELE

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16
Q

XYLEM ONLY HAS TRACHEIDS BUT VESSELS ARE SEEN IN ?

A

SELAGINELLA
EQUISETUM
MARSELIA

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17
Q

PHLOEM HAS SIEVE CELLS BUT DOES NOT HAVE

A

COMPANION CELLS

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18
Q

SECONDARY OUT GROWTH IS PRESENT / ABSENT BUT SEEN IN __________

A

PRESENT - ISOETES

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19
Q

SPROPHYLLS MAY BE SCATTEREDAS IN ______________

A

DRYOPTERIS

20
Q

SPOROPHYLLS MAY BE GROUPED TO FORM ____________ OR ________________ AS IN _____________ &____________ &________

A

STROBILI - CONES - SELAGINELLA, EQUISETUM, LYCOPODIUM

21
Q

IN LYCOPODIUM & SELAGINELLA SPORANGIUM DEVELOPS

A

SINGLY ON ADAXIAL SUFACE OF THE SPOROPHYLL

22
Q

IN FERNS SPORANGIUM AGGREGATES

A

IN CLUSTES FORMING SORI ON ABAXIAL SIDE

23
Q

IN FERNS SORI IS PROTECTED BY

A

TRUE INDUSIUM ( DRYOPTERIS )
FALSE INDUSIUM ( PTERIS )

24
Q

DEVELOPMENT OF SPORANGIUM MAY BE

A
  • EUSPORANGIATE( PSILOTUM, SELAGINELLA )
  • LEPTOSPORANGIATE ( SALVINIA, MARSELIA, DRYOPTERIS, AZOLLA )
25
Q

IN SPORANGIUM SPORE MOTHER CELLS FORM

A

UPON MEOSIS

26
Q

HAPLOID MEOTIC SPORES GERMINATE AND FORM

A

REDUCED MULTICELLULAR PROTHALLI ( GAMETOPHYTE )

27
Q

PROTHALLI HAS

A

FEMALE SX ORGAN : ARCHEGONIA
MALE SEX ORGAN : ANTHERIDIA

28
Q

GAMETOPHYTES REQUIRE WHAT TEMP. FOR GROWTH

A

COOL, DAMP AND SHADY PLACES

29
Q

PTERIDOPHYTES GROWTH IS RETRICTED IN

A

NARROW GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS

30
Q

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF SPORES PRODUCED ?

A

HOMOSPORES & 2 HETEROSPORES ( MACRO & MICRO SPORES )

31
Q

DEFINE AND GIVE EX. FOR HOMOSPORES

A

SAME KIND OF SPORES
EX :-
LYCOPODIUM, PTERIS
* THEY GERMINATE AND FORM MONOCEOUS SPORES

32
Q

DEFINE AND GIVE EX. FOR HETERO SPORES

A

DIFF. SPORES
EX:-
SELAGINELLA, SALVINIA
THE SPORES PRODUCED FORM DIOCEOUIES PLANT

33
Q

HOW ARE ANTHEREDIA ?

A

PROJECTED OR EMBEDDED WITHOUT STALK

34
Q

HOW MANY CELLS DOES THE JACKET HAVE ?

A

3 OR MORE CELLS

35
Q

WHAT HAPPENS WITHIN ANTHEREDIA ?

A

ANDROCYTES METAMORPHOSIZE TO FORM ANTHEROZOIDS

36
Q

HOW ARE MALE GAMETES ?

A
  • BIFLGELATED ( SELAGINELLA, LYCOPODIUM )
  • MULTICILIATED ( DRYOPTERIS, EQUISETUM )
37
Q

DESCRIBE STRUCTURE OF ARCHAEGONIUM ?

A

HAS VENTER AND PROJECTED NECK

38
Q

VENTER IS SURROUNDED BY ?

A

PROTHALLIAL CELLS

39
Q

VENTER HAS ?

A

AN EGG CELL , VENTRAL CANAL CELL

40
Q

NECK HAS ?

A

4 VERTICAL ROWS OF JACKET CELLS WITH EACH ROW HAVING DIFERENT NUMBER OF CELLS

NECK CELLS ARE 1 OR MANY

41
Q

ARCHAEGONIAL SECREATION HAS ?

A

MALIC ACID WHICH ATTRACTS AMLE GAMETES

42
Q

FERTILIZATION IS ?

A

OOGAMOUS INSIDE ARCHAEGONIAL VENTER

43
Q

YOUNG SPOROPHYTE DERIVES NOURISHMENT FROM ?

A

GAMETOPHYTE ONLY IN EARLY STAGES

44
Q

LIFE CYCLE IS

A

DIPLONTIC

45
Q

ALTERATION OF GENERATIONS IS

A

HETEROMORPHIC

46
Q

USES OF PTERIDOPHYTES ?

A
  • MEDICINAL PURPOSES
  • SOIL BINDERS
  • GROWN AS ORNAMENTS
47
Q

NAME THE 4 CLASSES OF PTERIDOPHYTES AND GIVE THEIR EX. ?

A
  • PSILOPSIDA:- PSILOTUM
  • LYCOPSIDA:-SELAGINELLA, LYCOPODIUM
  • SPHENOPSIDA:-EQUISETUM
  • PTEROPSIDA:-DRYOPTERIS, PTERIES, ADIANTUM

SELF STUDY ( MEDICAL ) (30 decks)

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