exam 14 Flashcards
What is the primary function of the endomembrane system?
To modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins.
Which organelle is known as the ‘powerhouse of the cell’?
Mitochondria.
True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis.
True.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is responsible for the synthesis of lipids.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?
To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery.
Which organelle contains enzymes for digestion?
Lysosome.
What is the function of ribosomes?
To synthesize proteins.
True or False: Cilia are longer than flagella.
False.
What are cilia and flagella primarily composed of?
Microtubules.
What structures are involved in the transport of materials within the cell?
Vesicles.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.
Cytoskeleton.
What type of endoplasmic reticulum is involved in detoxification?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Which organelle is responsible for the production of ATP?
Mitochondria.
What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
To synthesize and process proteins.
True or False: The nucleus is part of the endomembrane system.
True.
What is the function of the nuclear envelope?
To protect the nucleus and regulate the exchange of materials.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the site of ribosome production.
Nucleolus.
What do lysosomes contain that aids in digestion?
Hydrolytic enzymes.
What are the main components of the cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.
True or False: Flagella are primarily used for locomotion.
True.
What is the role of vesicles in the cell?
To transport materials within the cell.
Fill in the blank: The ________ modifies and sorts proteins received from the endoplasmic reticulum.
Golgi apparatus.
What structure helps in the movement of cilia and flagella?
Axoneme.
What is the difference between cilia and flagella in terms of number?
Cilia are numerous and short, while flagella are fewer and longer.
True or False: The Golgi apparatus is involved in the synthesis of ATP.
False.
What is the primary function of the plasma membrane?
To protect the cell and regulate what enters and exits.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a double membrane that surrounds the nucleus.
Nuclear envelope.
What is the role of transport vesicles?
To ferry proteins and lipids to different locations in the cell.
What organelle is responsible for modifying proteins?
Golgi apparatus.
True or False: All cells contain a nucleus.
False.
What is the primary component of the plasma membrane?
Phospholipids.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a semi-permeable barrier surrounding the cell.
Plasma membrane.
What organelle is involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
What structure within the cell is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
True or False: Ribosomes can be found attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
True.
What is the main function of the cytoskeleton?
To provide structural support and shape to the cell.
Fill in the blank: ________ are small, membrane-bound sacs that transport materials.
Vesicles.
What is the primary function of lysosomes?
To break down waste materials and cellular debris.
Which organelle is involved in the packaging of proteins?
Golgi apparatus.
True or False: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis.
False.
What is the structure that provides energy for cellular processes?
ATP (Adenosine triphosphate).
Fill in the blank: The ________ is responsible for producing ribosomes.
Nucleolus.
What is the main role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
To synthesize and transport proteins.
What is the composition of the cytoskeleton?
Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.
True or False: Flagella are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
True.
What is the primary role of the cell membrane?
To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Fill in the blank: The ________ helps the cell maintain its shape and internal organization.
Cytoskeleton.
What is the function of the nucleolus?
To synthesize ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
What type of cells contain lysosomes?
Animal cells.
True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis.
True.
What is the main function of cilia?
To move fluid across the cell surface.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is involved in the synthesis of proteins.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the function of the plasma membrane?
To protect the cell and control the movement of substances.
What organelle is known for its role in cellular respiration?
Mitochondria.
True or False: The Golgi apparatus is involved in protein modification.
True.
What is the main function of ribosomes?
To synthesize proteins from amino acids.
Fill in the blank: The ________ contains enzymes that digest cellular waste.
Lysosome.
What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis?
To fold and modify proteins before they are sent to the Golgi apparatus.
What structure provides the cell with its shape and helps with movement?
Cytoskeleton.
True or False: Cilia are responsible for cellular locomotion.
False.
What is the main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Lipid synthesis and detoxification.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a network of membranes involved in the transport of materials.
Endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the main role of the Golgi apparatus?
To modify, sort, and package proteins for secretion.
True or False: Ribosomes can be found floating freely in the cytoplasm.
True.
What is the role of the nuclear envelope?
To protect the nucleus and regulate material exchange.
Fill in the blank: The ________ helps transport proteins and lipids within the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum.
What organelle is responsible for breaking down fatty acids?
Peroxisome.
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
To provide structural support and facilitate movement.
True or False: The nucleus is the control center of the cell.
True.
What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is involved in the transport of proteins out of the cell.
Golgi apparatus.
What is the primary function of lysosomes?
Digestion of macromolecules.
True or False: Cilia and flagella are composed of the same basic structure.
True.
What is the primary role of the cell membrane?
To separate the interior of the cell from the external environment.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a double membrane structure that houses the cell’s genetic material.
Nucleus.
What are ribosomes made of?
Ribosomal RNA and proteins.
What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?
To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids.
True or False: The cytoskeleton is only found in animal cells.
False.
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Synthesis of lipids and detoxification of drugs.
