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SELF STUDY ( MEDICAL ) > exam 14 > Flashcards

exam 14 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the endomembrane system?

A

To modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins.

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2
Q

Which organelle is known as the ‘powerhouse of the cell’?

A

Mitochondria.

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3
Q

True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis.

A

True.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is responsible for the synthesis of lipids.

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

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5
Q

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?

A

To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery.

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6
Q

Which organelle contains enzymes for digestion?

A

Lysosome.

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7
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

To synthesize proteins.

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8
Q

True or False: Cilia are longer than flagella.

A

False.

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9
Q

What are cilia and flagella primarily composed of?

A

Microtubules.

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10
Q

What structures are involved in the transport of materials within the cell?

A

Vesicles.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.

A

Cytoskeleton.

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12
Q

What type of endoplasmic reticulum is involved in detoxification?

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

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13
Q

Which organelle is responsible for the production of ATP?

A

Mitochondria.

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14
Q

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

To synthesize and process proteins.

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15
Q

True or False: The nucleus is part of the endomembrane system.

A

True.

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16
Q

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

A

To protect the nucleus and regulate the exchange of materials.

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is the site of ribosome production.

A

Nucleolus.

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18
Q

What do lysosomes contain that aids in digestion?

A

Hydrolytic enzymes.

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19
Q

What are the main components of the cytoskeleton?

A

Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.

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20
Q

True or False: Flagella are primarily used for locomotion.

A

True.

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21
Q

What is the role of vesicles in the cell?

A

To transport materials within the cell.

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ modifies and sorts proteins received from the endoplasmic reticulum.

A

Golgi apparatus.

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23
Q

What structure helps in the movement of cilia and flagella?

A

Axoneme.

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24
Q

What is the difference between cilia and flagella in terms of number?

A

Cilia are numerous and short, while flagella are fewer and longer.

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25
Q

True or False: The Golgi apparatus is involved in the synthesis of ATP.

A

False.

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26
Q

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane?

A

To protect the cell and regulate what enters and exits.

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27
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is a double membrane that surrounds the nucleus.

A

Nuclear envelope.

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28
Q

What is the role of transport vesicles?

A

To ferry proteins and lipids to different locations in the cell.

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29
Q

What organelle is responsible for modifying proteins?

A

Golgi apparatus.

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30
Q

True or False: All cells contain a nucleus.

A

False.

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31
Q

What is the primary component of the plasma membrane?

A

Phospholipids.

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32
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is a semi-permeable barrier surrounding the cell.

A

Plasma membrane.

33
Q

What organelle is involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones?

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

34
Q

What structure within the cell is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances?

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

35
Q

True or False: Ribosomes can be found attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

A

True.

36
Q

What is the main function of the cytoskeleton?

A

To provide structural support and shape to the cell.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: ________ are small, membrane-bound sacs that transport materials.

A

Vesicles.

38
Q

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

A

To break down waste materials and cellular debris.

39
Q

Which organelle is involved in the packaging of proteins?

A

Golgi apparatus.

40
Q

True or False: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis.

A

False.

41
Q

What is the structure that provides energy for cellular processes?

A

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate).

42
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is responsible for producing ribosomes.

A

Nucleolus.

43
Q

What is the main role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

To synthesize and transport proteins.

44
Q

What is the composition of the cytoskeleton?

A

Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.

45
Q

True or False: Flagella are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

A

True.

46
Q

What is the primary role of the cell membrane?

A

To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

47
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ helps the cell maintain its shape and internal organization.

A

Cytoskeleton.

48
Q

What is the function of the nucleolus?

A

To synthesize ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

49
Q

What type of cells contain lysosomes?

A

Animal cells.

50
Q

True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis.

A

True.

51
Q

What is the main function of cilia?

A

To move fluid across the cell surface.

52
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is involved in the synthesis of proteins.

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum.

53
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

A

To protect the cell and control the movement of substances.

54
Q

What organelle is known for its role in cellular respiration?

A

Mitochondria.

55
Q

True or False: The Golgi apparatus is involved in protein modification.

A

True.

56
Q

What is the main function of ribosomes?

A

To synthesize proteins from amino acids.

57
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ contains enzymes that digest cellular waste.

A

Lysosome.

58
Q

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis?

A

To fold and modify proteins before they are sent to the Golgi apparatus.

59
Q

What structure provides the cell with its shape and helps with movement?

A

Cytoskeleton.

60
Q

True or False: Cilia are responsible for cellular locomotion.

A

False.

61
Q

What is the main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Lipid synthesis and detoxification.

62
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is a network of membranes involved in the transport of materials.

A

Endoplasmic reticulum.

63
Q

What is the main role of the Golgi apparatus?

A

To modify, sort, and package proteins for secretion.

64
Q

True or False: Ribosomes can be found floating freely in the cytoplasm.

A

True.

65
Q

What is the role of the nuclear envelope?

A

To protect the nucleus and regulate material exchange.

66
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ helps transport proteins and lipids within the cell.

A

Endoplasmic reticulum.

67
Q

What organelle is responsible for breaking down fatty acids?

A

Peroxisome.

68
Q

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

A

To provide structural support and facilitate movement.

69
Q

True or False: The nucleus is the control center of the cell.

A

True.

70
Q

What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

71
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is involved in the transport of proteins out of the cell.

A

Golgi apparatus.

72
Q

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

A

Digestion of macromolecules.

73
Q

True or False: Cilia and flagella are composed of the same basic structure.

A

True.

74
Q

What is the primary role of the cell membrane?

A

To separate the interior of the cell from the external environment.

75
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is a double membrane structure that houses the cell’s genetic material.

A

Nucleus.

76
Q

What are ribosomes made of?

A

Ribosomal RNA and proteins.

77
Q

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

A

To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids.

78
Q

True or False: The cytoskeleton is only found in animal cells.

A

False.

79
Q

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Synthesis of lipids and detoxification of drugs.

SELF STUDY ( MEDICAL ) (34 decks)

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