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PTH9111 Test 2 > PT9111 - Lecture 16 (Modalities 1) > Flashcards

PT9111 - Lecture 16 (Modalities 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Therapeutic Modality

A

Clinical tool to stimulate specific body tissues to perform normal functions

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2
Q

What are 4 effects of therapeutic modalities

A
  1. Modify stages of tissue repair
  2. Relieve pain
  3. Alter collagen extensibility
  4. Modify muscle function
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3
Q

What are the 4 stages of tissue repair

A
  1. Hemostasis
  2. Inflammation
  3. Proliferation
  4. Maturation/Remodeling
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4
Q

What is the time course and function of hemostasis

A

Time course: Within seconds of injury
Function: To stop bleeding (fibrin clot with vasoconstriction -> vasodilation)

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5
Q

What is the time course and function of inflammation

A

Time Course: 1-3 days post-injury
Function: Identifies and removes foreign material

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6
Q

Name 3 inflammation mediators and function

A
  1. Mast cells -> vasoconstriction/dilation
  2. Leukocytes (WBC) -> phagocytosis and removal of cellular debris caused by injury
  3. Prostaglandins -> sensitize pain receptors, attract WBC, and increase vascular permeability
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7
Q

T or F: NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis which may decrease improved long-term revovery

A

T

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8
Q

5 cardinal signs of inflammation

A
  1. Red
  2. Hot
  3. Swollen
  4. Pain
  5. Loss of function
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9
Q

What is the time course and function of proliferation

A

Time Course: 3-4 days post injury to 3 weeks
Function: Form granulation tissue made of collagenous scar tissue, angiogenesis, and re-epithelization

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10
Q

What is the time course and function of maturation

A

Time course: 3 weeks to 3 years
Function: Increase scar strength through collagen synthesis

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11
Q

Acute pain

A

Pain perception due to stimulation of pain receptors and nerve endings of A-delta and C- fibers by chemical presents at site and edema

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12
Q

Chronic Pain

A

Longer than 3 months

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13
Q

How is collagen extensibility altered

A

Collagen extensibility is temperature dependent so heat can extend it to aid in healing impaired strength and range of motion

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14
Q

Muscle tone

A

Underlying tension that serves as background to contraction

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15
Q

Name 3 ways muscle tension can be altered

A
  1. CNS injury (stroke)
  2. PNS injury
  3. Local injury
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16
Q

Name 3 ways therapeutic modalities alter muscle tone

A
  1. Alter nerve conduction speed (NMES)
  2. Alter biomechanical properties of muscle (hot pack)
  3. Reduce pain (TENS)
17
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum vs acoustic spectrum

A

Electromagnetic = frequencies and wavelengths associated with radiant energy

Acoustic = Frequencies and wavelengths associated with soundwaves

18
Q

Name a type of electromagnetic spectrum agent and its function and examples

A

Radiation: Energy travels through space and is transmitted without movement of mass (eg. lasers, UV, electrical stim modalities)

19
Q

4 characteristics of electromagnetic radiations

A
  1. Can be produced with intense electrical/chemical forces applied to any material
  2. Travel through space at equal velocity
  3. Direction of travel is in straight line
  4. They can be reflected. absorbed or transmitted dependent on medium that they strike
20
Q

What are the 4 laws governing electromagnetic radiation

A
  1. Arndt-Schultz Principle
  2. Law of Grotthus-Draper
  3. Cosine Law
  4. Inverse Square Law
21
Q

Arndt-Schultz Principle

A

No reactions occur to body tissues if energy absorbed can not stimulate absorbing tissues (aim is to deliver sufficient energy to target tissue as clinician

22
Q

Law of Grotthus-Draper

A

If energy is not absorbed by superficial tissues it will penetrate deeper tissues

23
Q

Cosine Law

A

Radiant energy is more easily transmitted to deeper tissue at a right angle (will reflect more if not at 90 degrees)

24
Q

Inverse Square Law

A

Intensity of radiation striking material is inversely proportional to distance from source (eg. doubling distance results in one quarter of light hitting subject)

25
Q

Name an acoustic spectrum modality and its function

A

Ultrasound: Mechanical vibration that can penetrate deeper tissues (eg. fat tissue) than electromagnetic radiation

PTH9111 Test 2 (16 decks)

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