Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Exam I > PT encounter, gen survery, V/S, skin, hair, nails > Flashcards

PT encounter, gen survery, V/S, skin, hair, nails Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most critical portion of the physical exam?

A

General appearance and vital signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Subjective information?

A

What PT says

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Objective info?

A

What detected during exam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 7 parts of the General Survey?

A
  1. PT general appearance
  2. Level of consciousness
  3. Signs of distress
  4. Apparent state of health
  5. Facial expressions
  6. Height, weight, build
  7. Vital signs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

BMI for obesity?

A

30+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What percent of US adults are obese?

A

35%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If BMI 35+ what to measure?

A

Waist circumference just above hips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Waist circumference where DM, HTN, CAD risk increased?

A

Men >40”

Women >35”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

OK to ever assume alcohol on breath explains change in mental status?

A

NO!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sitting upright may indicate what?

A

Left sided HF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Learning forward with arms braced may indicate what?

A

COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 4 vital signs?

A

BP, HR, RR, temp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do to if any of the vital signs are abnormal?

A

Repeat them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is “True Blood Pressure”?

A

Average pressure measured over several office visits or at home over one week period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How often to take BP in both arms?

A

At least once

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Defintion of HTN?

A

140/90+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which (where) BP measurments are more predictive of CV disease and end-organ damage?

A

Home and ambulatory more predictive than office measurments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is home/ambulatory or office BP measurement more predictive of CV disease and end-organ damage?

A

Home/ambulatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the normal BP for home/ambulatory/automatic office BP?

A

135/80 (lower than manual office BP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is White Coat HTN?

A

Increased BP in office but normal when ambulatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does White Coat HTN signify?

A

CV risk is normal to slightly increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is Masked HTN?

A

Normal office BP but increased ambulatory BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does Masket HTN signify?

A

High risk of CV disease!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is Nocturnal HTN?

A

Fall of <10% when sleeping.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does Nocturnal HTN signify?

A

Poor CV outcomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How to diagnose Nocturnal HTN?

A

24h ambulatory BP monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

No smoking or caffeine for how long before taking BP?

A

30 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What to do with sleeve when taking BP?

A

Disrobe sleeve. Don’t roll up d/t increased BP reading.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Brachial Artery and antecubital crease at what level for BP?

A

Heart level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Width percent of inflatable bladder? Avg cm in adult?

A

40%

12-14cm in avg adult.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Length percent of inflatable bladder?

A

80% of arm circumference. Almost encircle entire arm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Too small a cuff does what to BP?

A

Falsely high BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Too large a cuff does what to BP?

A

Falsely low BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Standard cuff dimensions? Good for up to what circumference?

A

12x23. Up to 28cm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Where to inflate the BP bladder?

A

Over brachial artery

36
Q

How much above the antecubital crease should the BP cuff be?

A

About 2.5cm

37
Q

What to feel while rapidly inflating cuff?

A

Radial pulse and pressure when it disappears

38
Q

What to add to the pressure when radial pulse disappears during cuff inflation?

39
Q

What is the “disappear pressure + 30” used for?

A

Subsequent inflations to prevent discomfort and prevent ausclatory gap

40
Q

What is Ausculatory Gap? How to prevent it?

A

Silent interval between systolic and diastolic. Prevent by using “diappear pressure + 30”.

41
Q

How long to keep deflated after getting “disappear pressure”?

A

15-30 seconds

42
Q

Where is the bell placed in BP? What sort of seal?

A

Over brachial artery. Full air seal.

43
Q

Which part of stethoscope hears Korotkoff sounds better?

44
Q

After reinflating BP cuff how slowly to let out air?

A

2-3mmHg/second

45
Q

What does Systolic sound like?

A

Sound of at least two consecutive beats

46
Q

What does Diastolic sound like?

A

Disppearance of sound, a few mmHg below muffling point

47
Q

BP is read to what nearest point?

48
Q

When to repeat BP?

49
Q

What is normal diff range in BP between arms?

50
Q

A 10-15 mmHg diff in BP between arms can mean what two things?

A
  1. Subclavian Steel Syndrome

2. Aortic dissection

51
Q

Subclavian Steel Syndrome and Aortic Dissection do what to BP?

A

> 10-15 difference between arms

52
Q

Increased HTN in upper extremities but low BP in legs from which 2 conditions?

A
  1. Coarctation of aorta

2. Occlusive aortic disease

53
Q

Coarctation of aorta and Occlusive aortic disease do what to BP around body?

A

HTN in upper extremities, low BP in legs, and diminished or delayed femoral pulses

54
Q

Most common site to assess HR?

A

Radial pulse

55
Q

Which fingers and which parts to use for radial pulse?

A

Pads of index and middle fingers

56
Q

If pulse rate and rhytm are normal how long to take?

A

30 seconds then x 2

57
Q

If pulse rate and rhytm seem abnormal how long to take?

A

60 seconds

58
Q

If radial pulse is abnormal where else to take check HR?

A

Apex of heart

59
Q

Why to check HR at apex of heart?

A

Peripheral pulses may not detect premature beats and HR can seem slow

60
Q

Irregular rhythm MC d/t which arrythmia?

A

Sinus arrythmia

61
Q

What 4 things to check with respirations?

A

Rate, rhythm, depth, and effort of breathing

62
Q

How to count respirations?

A

Visually count resps in 1 minute while listening to PT’s trachea with stethoscope -OR- while holding wrist

63
Q

Normal adult respirations?

A

20 breaths/minute in quiet, regular pattern

64
Q

Respiratory rate in bronchitis? Pneumonia and PE?

A

Bronchitis=normal resp rate

Pneumonia and PE=increased resp rate

65
Q

Normal PO temperature?

66
Q

Rectal temp reading vs PO?

A

Rectal is 0.4-0.5C higher than PO.

67
Q

Axillary temp reading vs PO?

A

1C lower than PO

68
Q

Tympanic membrane temp?

A

Quick, safe, reliable if done properly.

69
Q

What is the most variable temp method?

A

Tympanic membrane. Different temps in ears of same person.

70
Q

When not to take PO temp?

A

Unconscious, restless, unable to close mouth

71
Q

Most reliable temp method?

72
Q

4 classic techniques of physical exam?

A
  1. Inspection
  2. Palpation
  3. Percussion
  4. Auscultation
73
Q

Which side to examine PT on?

A

PT’s right side

74
Q

When to do a Comprehensive Assessment?

A

Annual physical, new PT in office or hospital

75
Q

When to do a Focused Assessment?

A

Established PT during routine or urgent care, problem/symptom focused

76
Q

Universal precaution do what?

A

Prevent transmission of HIV, HepB, and other blood borne pathogens when providing first aid or health care

77
Q

Function of skin?

A

Keep body in homeostatis despite daily environmental assault. Modules body temp, synthesizes vitamin d.

78
Q

What are the three “appendates of the skin”?

A
  1. Hair
  2. Nails
  3. Sebaceous sweat glands
79
Q

Layers of skin?

A

Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous adipose tissue

80
Q

Central Cyanosis?

A

Low level of O2 in blood

81
Q

Peripheral Cyanosis?

A

Normal O2 levels in blood. When cutaneous blood flow decreases or slows.

82
Q

Perhipheral Cyanosis can be normal in response to what?

A

Anxiety or cold

83
Q

Hair loss, nail changes, rashes, and growths are what?

A

Concerning issues

84
Q

What percent of melanomas are detected by the patient?

85
Q

Acronym for melanoma detection?

A 
A=asymmetry of mole
B=irregular borders
C=color variation
D=diameter ≥6mm
E=evolution or change in size, symptoms, or morphology
86
Q

Skin mobility is what?

A

How easily skin lifts up

87
Q

Skin turgot is what?

A

How quickly skin returns into place

Physical Exam I (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions