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Psychiatry > Psychotropics In Clinical Setting > Flashcards

Psychotropics In Clinical Setting Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism of action of antipsychotics

A

to block (or partially
block) dopamine
receptors in the
mesolimbic area of the
brain

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2
Q

Side effects of the 1st gen antipsychotics

A

Extrapyramidal manifestations due to block of dopamine in nigrostriatal pathway

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3
Q

Mechanism of action of 2nd generation antipsychotics

A

5HT2A and D2 antagonists;

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4
Q

Mechanism of action of 3rd gen antipsychotics

A

dopamine partial agonists

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5
Q

1st line treatment of Antidepressants

A

SSRI (citalopram)

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6
Q

What are the labs required for use of SSRI

A

CBC, U&E (hyponatremia), ECG (long QTC)

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7
Q

2nd line Antidepressants

A

Another SSRI

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8
Q

Mood stabilizers are used to treat….

A

Bipolar

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9
Q

Most commonly used mood stabilizer

A

Lithium

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10
Q

Mechanism of action of Lithium (mood stabilizers)

A

inhibition of
secondary messenger
enzymes
• By modulation of G proteins
• By interaction at various sites
within the downstream signal
transduction cascades (eg
inhibition of GSK
3)

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11
Q

1st line tx of bipolar affetive disorder

A

Na valproate

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12
Q

Mechanism of action of Na valproate

A

• It blocks voltage-sensitive sodium channels and
increases brain concentrations of gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA)

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13
Q

Drug used for tx of acute mania and prophylaxis of bipolar

A

Carbamazepine

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14
Q

Mec. Of action of carbamazepine

A

• It blocks voltage sensitive Na+ channels to reduce
glutamate release and decreases turnover of
norepinephrine and dopamine.

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15
Q

How is Lithium excreted

A

By kidney

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16
Q

Buspirone is used to treat…..

A

Generalised anxiety disorder

17
Q

1st line tx for mild depression in children and adolescents

A

Psychological support

18
Q

Tx for mod/ severe depression in young people

A

psychological therapy, either alone or in
combination with antidepressant medication

19
Q

1st kine Antidepressants in children and young people

A

Fluoxetine

20
Q

TriFluoPerazine is a drug of which category of the following;

. 1st gen antipsychotics
. 2nd gen antipsychotics
. 3rd gen antipsychotics

A

1st gen antipsychotics

21
Q

A pregnant woman takes haloperidol for her psychosis, what are the complications that might happen to the baby due to Haloperidol use?

A

Limb defects
Low birth weight
Preterm birth

22
Q

A patient with renal impairment is taking haloperidol for psychotic symptoms, do you recommend we change something about the dose of haloperidol?
. Reduce dose
. Increase dose
. No Change required

A

No change required

23
Q

A patient has been taking haloperidol for his psychosis, after a while of use the patient developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome,
what is the treatment of this case?

A

. Muscle relaxants
. Dopamine agonists: Bromocriptine

24
Q

What is the 2nd Gen antipsychotic used in resistant cases of psychosis? (last line)

A

Clozapine

25
Q

A schizophrenia patient takes an antipsychotic, in the past two days he becomes feverish, the dr suspects an infection, lab reports show neutropenia and agranulocytosis,
What is the most likely drug that has caused this clinical picture?
. Haloperidol
. Olanzapine
. Clozapine
. Aripiprazole

What are other side effects of this drug?

A

Clozapine,
Other side effects :
. Metabolic syndrome
. Myocarditis
. Sedation

26
Q

True or false
Clozapine is contraindicated in liver impairment

A

True

27
Q

Patient taking clozapine with another drug, the drug interaction has caused an increase in incidents of seizures due to CYP 2D6 inhibition, what is the other drug used?

A

Fluoxetine

28
Q

A pregnant woman delivers her baby and starts breastfeeding him, her doctor prescribed her an antipsychotic for mild psychosis,
what is the first line post-partum antipsychotic?

A

Olanzapine Or Quetiapine

29
Q

What is the agent of choice for Non cognitive symptoms associated with dememtia

A

Risperidone

30
Q

1st line SSRI in elderly depression

A

Sertraline

31
Q

1st line SSRI in Adolescent and child depression

A

Fluoxetine

32
Q

What is the safest SSRI in pregnancy?
. Sertraline
. Citalopram
. Escitalopram
. Fluoxetine

A

Fluoxetine

33
Q

Mention 4 SSRIs you know

A

Sertraline
Citalopram
ESCITALOPRAM
FLUOXETINE
FLUROXAMINE
Paroxetine

34
Q

A pregnant lady is taking an SSRI for her depression, on her follow up with the obstetrician, he told her that her baby has a cardiac malformation.
What is the SSRI that she is using and caused the cardiac malformation?

A

Paroxetine

35
Q

Venlafaxine, Duloxetine are two antidepressants of which subtype (class of drugs)

A

SNRI

36
Q

Mechanism of action of mirtazapine

A

Antidepressant (Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant) (NaSSA)

37
Q

Which anticonvulsant of yhe follwing causes Steven johnson syndrome?
. Valproate
. Carbamazepine
. Lamotrigine

A

Lamotrigine

38
Q

Indication of buspirone (anxiolytics)

A

Generalized anxiety disorder

Psychiatry (21 decks)

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