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LSW exam > PSYCHOTROPIC MEDS > Flashcards

PSYCHOTROPIC MEDS Flashcards

1
Q

antipsychotics: target symptoms

A

positive symptoms; agitation, hallucinations, delusions, combativeness/belligerent behavior, sleep disturbance, tension, paranoid behavior/disorganized thinking

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2
Q

antipsychotics: symptoms less likely to respond

A

negative symptoms; impaired judgement, lack of insight, depression and withdrawal, poor motivation

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3
Q

antipsychotics: side effects

A

sedation, postural hypotension, weight gain, photosensitivity, sexual dysfunction, breast swelling, anticholinergic (dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary hesitation, constipation), tardive dyskinesia, acute dystonic reactions (involuntary muscle spasms or tightening of face), neuroleptic malignant syndrome (medical emergency, fever, muscle rigidity, mental status changes)

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4
Q

antipsychotics: tardive dyskinesia side effect treat

A

limit antipsychotic exposure, use vitamin E for prevention

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5
Q

antipsychotics: extrapyramidal symptoms (parkinsonian movements) treat

A

Artane, Cogentin, benadryl

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6
Q

antipsychotics: common atypical; clozapine

A

clozaril
different action
side effects–high saliva production, sedation, nausea, hypotension, dizziness, weight gain, risk of seizures; no tardive dyskinesia
need for weekly blood monitoring

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7
Q

antipsychotics: common atypical; resperidone

A

riserdal
injectable
side effects; sedation, some headache, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, palpitations, no tardive dyskinesia
question of relief for positive and negativesymptoms

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8
Q

antipsychotics: newer meds

A 
apriprazole--abilify 
ziprasidone--geodon
quetiapine--seroquel 
olanzapine--zyprexa
asenapine-saphris
paliperidone palmitate--invega sustenna
paliperidone-invega
illoperidone--fanapt
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9
Q

tricyclic antidepressants: side effects

A

autonomic, anticholinergic (dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary probs, sweating/heat sensitivity), pustural hypotension, tachycardia, change in EKG arhythmias

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10
Q

tricyclic antidepressants: contraindicated for

A

people with heart disease, lethal in high doses so not good for suicidal pts

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11
Q

tricyclic antidepressants: therapeutic effects in

A

2-3 weeks

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12
Q

monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): most effective for

A

atypical and nonendogenous depression

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13
Q

monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): side effects

A

hypertension with high dose or when tricyclic/stimulant also taken

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14
Q

monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): adverse drug reactions

A

stimulants, appetite suppressants, cold remedies, cocaine derivatives, anything that raises blood pressure

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15
Q

monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): dietary restrictions

A

food with high levels of tyramine; avoid beer/ale, wine, cheese, smoke/pickled fish, beef/chicken liver, summer sausage, italian beans, yeast vitamin supplements

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16
Q

second generation antidepressants: benefits

A

reduced, different side/averse effects

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17
Q

second generation antidepressants: SSRIs therapeutic efficacy similar to

A

TCAs (tricyclic acids)

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18
Q

second generation antidepressants: SSRIs side effects are dose related

A

weight loss, nausea, diarrhea, nervousness (fluoxetine/prozac), insomnia, sexual dysfunction with long term use, less toxic to heart and safer in overdose than TCAs

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19
Q

second generation antidepressants: SNRIS side effects dose related

A

dry mouth, loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, nervousness, insomnia, elevated blood pressure and sexual problems
less toxic and safer in overdose

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20
Q

mood stabilizers: lithium

A

narrow therapeutic index; need blood levels/kidney/thyroid checked regularly

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21
Q

mood stabilizers: lithium side effects

A

thyroid can enlarge and underactive (treat with thyroid replacement meds)
renal kidney impact, need to drink more water for dehydration
gastrointestinal (anorexia, cramps, nausea, vomiting)
CNS (mental dullness, decreased memory and concentration, headache, hand tremors, fatigue and lethargy, weight gain)

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22
Q

mood stabilizers: lithium; don’t take

A

during first trimester of pregnancy

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23
Q

mood stabilizers: sometimes combined

A

with antidepressant or antipsychotic

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24
Q

mood stabilizers: therapeutic effect

A

2+ weeks to build dosage to therapeutic level, need LI does multiple times a day

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25
Q

mood stabilizers: response rate

A

70-90% with typical bipolar respond, most effective at preventing mania not depression

26
Q

mood stabilizers: anticonvulsants to stabilize mood; carbamazepine

A

tegretol
avoid during pregnancy, may depress bone marrow function (blood count monitoring)
patient needs to report signs of infection or bleeding ASAP

27
Q

mood stabilizers: anticonvulsants to stabilize mood; valproic acid

A

depakote
more effective for rapid cycling and mixed bipolar
avoid during pregnancy

28
Q

anxiety medications: panic disorder with or without agoraphobia

A

TCAs, MAOIs, SSRIs, alprazolam/xanax

29
Q

anxiety medications: OCD

A

TCAs (clomipramine/Afafranil), MAOIs, SSRIs (fluvoxamine/Luvox, sertraline/Zoloft)

30
Q

anxiety medications: specific phobias and social phobia

A 
beta blockers (propanolol) to treat somatic symptoms of stage fright
paxil for social phobia
31
Q

anxiety medications: GAD, benzos; side effects

A

impaired muscle coordination, impairment of short term memory

32
Q

anxiety medications: GAD, benzos; can also be used for detox of

A

alcohol or other depressants to prevent seizures

33
Q

anxiety medications: GAD, benzos; safer and more effective than

A

barbiturates

34
Q

anxiety medications: GAD, benzos; treatment issues

A

chronic use vs PRN, relapse vs withdrawal after meds discontinued, abuse liability, hard to discontinue, over use; drug most often used in overdose

35
Q

anxiety medications: GAD, barbiturates

A

high abuse potential/safety problem, hard to separate anxiolytic and sedative doses, dangerout when used with alcohol

36
Q

anxiety medications: GAD, barbiturates formerly used

A

methaqualone (quaaludes), hydroxyzine (atarax, vistaril), meprobamate (Milltown)

37
Q

anxiety medications: GAD; antipsychotics

A

no more effective than benzos, more side effects, combo with anxiolytic in psychotic patient with high anxiety

38
Q

anxiety medications: GAD, can use buspirone/buspar but

A

takes 2-6 weeks to relieve symptoms and not as good a PRN option

39
Q

meds for sleep (hypnotics): benzos have less probabilty to tolerance

A

to hypnotic effects than with barbiturates

40
Q

hyperactivity in kids: psychostimulants are standard: side effects

A

insomnia, decreased appetite, stomachace, headaches, jitteriness

41
Q

hyperactivity in kids: meds; methylphenidate

A

ritalin and concerta

42
Q

hyperactivity in kids: meds; amphetamine

A

adderall

43
Q

hyperactivity in kids: meds; pemoline

A

cylert

44
Q

hyperactivity in kids: meds; lisdezamfetamine

A

vyvanse

45
Q

hyperactivity in kids: meds; other options; aripiprazole, ziprasidone, guanfacine, cloridine

A

ability, geodon, intuniv, kaprav

46
Q

autism spectrum; not approved by FDA but use

A

SSRIs, TCAs, psychoactive antipsychotics, stimulants, antianxiety meds

47
Q 
Thorazine/chlorpromazine
Stelazine/trifluoperazine
Mellaril/thioridazine 
Prolixin/fluohenazine (prolixin D injectable) 
Navene/thiothixene
Haldol/haloperidol
A

Typical antipsychotics

48
Q

Clozapine/clozaril
Reperidone/risperdal (available as injectable)

Apriprazole/abilify
Ziprasidone/geodon 
Quetiapine/seroqeul 
Olanzapine/zyprexa 
Asenapine/saphris
Paliperidone palmitate/inveva sustenna 
Paliperidone/invega 
Illoperidone/fanapt
A

Atypical antipsychotics

49
Q 
Imipramine/tofranil
Amitriptyline/elavil
Nortriptyline/aventyl, pamelor, norpress
Desipramine/norpramin, pertofrane 
Doxepin/adapin, deptran, sinequan
A

Tricyclic antidepressants

50
Q

Phenelzine/Nardill
Tranylcypromine/parnate
Isocarboxazid/marplan

A

MAOIs (Minoan is oxidase inhibitors) antidepressant

51
Q 
Amoxapine/asendin
Trazadone/desyrel
Maprotiline/ludiomil
Bupropin/Wellbutrin
Venlaxafine/Effexor 
Nafazadone/serzone
A

Second generation antidepressants

52
Q

Fluoxetine/Prozac
Sertraline/Zoloft
Paroxetine/Paxil
Vilazodone/vilbryd

A

SSRIs

53
Q

Duloxetine/cymbalta

Desvenlafaxine/pristiq

A

SNRIs

54
Q

Lithium

A

Mood stabilizer

55
Q 
Carbamazepine/tegretol 
Valproic acid/depakote
Gabapentin/neurontin
Lamotrigine/lamictal
Toprimate/topomax
A

Anticonvulsants to stabilize mood

56
Q

Panic disorder with or without agoraphobia

A

TCAs, SSRIs, MAOIs, Xanax/alprazolam

57
Q

OCD

A

TCA
MAOI
SSRI (Luvox/fluvoxamine, sertraline/Zoloft)

58
Q 
Beta blockers (propranolol)
Paxil
A

Somatic symptoms of stage fright

Social phobia

59
Q

Diazepam/Valium
Chlordiazepam/Librium
Lorazepam/Ativan
Clorazepate/tranxene

A

Benzos

60
Q

Amobarbital
Secobarbital
Penobarbital

A

Barbiturates

61
Q

Benzos
Flurazepam/dalmare
Triazolam/halcion
Temazepam/restoril

Barbiturates-chloral hydrate

Trazadone/desyrel

Eszopicione/lunesta
Zolpidem/ambien
Zaleplon/sonata
Ramelteon/rozerem

A

Sleep aids/hypnotics

62
Q

Donepezil/aricept

Mamantine/name day

A

Dementia meds

LSW exam (7 decks)

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