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Psychotic Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Define psychosis

A
  • delusions
  • hallucinations
  • disorganized though/ behavior

*It is a SYMPTOM of many different conditions

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2
Q

Two types of delusions

A

bizarre vs nonbizarre

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3
Q

Define somatic delusions

A

belief that one has a disease/ illness

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4
Q

Visual hallucination causes

A
  • drug intox
  • delirium
  • drug and alcohol withdraw
  • lewey body
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5
Q

Most common causes of tactile hallucinations

A

-secondary to drug use or alcoholic withdraw

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6
Q

Endocrine related causes of psychosis

A
  • hypo/hyperthyroid
  • hyper/hypocalcemia
  • hypopituitarism
  • cushings
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7
Q

Three vitamin related causes of psychosis

A
  • B12
  • folate
  • niacin
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8
Q

Three random disease states assc with psychosis

A
  • SLE
  • porphyria
  • temporal arteritis
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9
Q

Criteria common to psychosis induced by either medical condition or medication

A
  • symptoms do not only occur during delirium

- not better accounted for by a psych disorder

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10
Q

Length of time required for diagnosis of:

  • schizophrenia
  • schizophreniform
  • brief psychotic disorder
A

schizo six months
schizophreniform 1-6 mos
brief less than month

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11
Q

Important workup when schizophrenia is expected

A

TSH
RPR
brain imaging

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12
Q

Three categories of schizo symptoms

A
  • positive
  • negative
  • cognitive
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13
Q

Three phases of schizophrenia

A
  • prodromal
  • psychotic
  • residual
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14
Q

What are the five A’s/negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A
  • anhedonia
  • affect
  • alogia
  • avolition
  • attention
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15
Q

Symptomatic criteria for schizo

A

must have 3 symptoms, one of which must be a positive symptom (hallucination, delusion, disorganized speech)

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16
Q

Births in what time of year increase risk of schizophrenia?

A

-late winter and early spring

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17
Q

Age period during which schizophrenia presents

A

15-55

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18
Q

Contrast males and females with schizo

A

men earlier, more negative symptoms, poorer prognosis

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19
Q

Define downward drift

A

-schizo prevalent in low SES because patients fail to succeed in careers

20
Q

Two pathways involved in schizophrenia

A
  • mesolimbic: high dopa = positive symptoms

- prefrontal/mesocortical: low dopa= negative symptoms

21
Q

Lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia

22
Q

Five NT changes in schizo

A

-high serotonin and NE
-low GABA, glutamate receptors (NMDA)
(major= high dopa)

23
Q

How is ketamine related to schizophrenia?

A
  • schizo= low NMDA receptors

- ketamine blocks NMDA receptors

24
Q

CT changes in schizophrenia

A
  • large ventricles

- cortical atrophy

25
Good prognostic features in schizophrenia
- late acute onset - positive symptoms - female - few relapses, good premorbid function
26
MOA first gen antipsychotics
D2 antagonists
27
MOA atypicals
antagonist 5HT and D4 more than D2 receptors
28
Contrast ADRs of typical vs atypical antipsychotics
- typical: risk extrapyramidal effects | - atypical: risk metabolic effects
29
How long until antipsychotics are effective?
1 month
30
List four typical antipsychotics
- haloperidol - fluphenazine - perphenazine - chlorpromazine
31
What population most commonly suffers from tardive dyskinesia?
-older women 6 months after beginning treatment
32
Treatment for extrapyramidal side effects
- anticholinergics - BDZs - BBers
33
Two weight neutral atypicals
- aripiprazole | - ziprasidone
34
Treatment of tardive dyskinesia
BDZ Botox Vitamin E
35
Two antipsychotics that effect the eye
- thioridazine: retinal pigmentation | - chlorpromazine: deposits in lens and cornea
36
How many patients recover from schizophreniform disorder?
1/3
37
Schizoaffective disorder
- Meet criteria for major depressive/ manic episode + schizophrenia symptoms - delusions/hallucinations present for 2 weeks without mood symptoms
38
Contrast schizoaffective d/o & mood d/o + psychotic features:
-mood disorder= no psychosis in absence of mood episode
39
What may trigger brief psychotic disorder
extreme stress
40
Delusional d/o criteria
- delusions for at least one month do not meet criteria for schizophrenia - usually nonbizarre and can function in society
41
Define erotomaniac delusions
another person is in love with them
42
Treatment for delusional disorder
antipsychotics
43
Psychotic disorder in southeast asia
Koro (penis will recede into body)
44
Psychotic disorder in Malaysia
Amok (violence --> suicide)
45
Describe schizotypal personality disorder
paranoid, odd, magical beliefs | lack of friends
46
Describe schizoid personality disorder
lack of enjoyment from socialization

Psych (16 decks)

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